Cardiovascular comorbidities are independent risk factors for mortality in dialysis patients. MicroRNA signaling has an important role in vascular aging and cardiac health, while physical activity is a primary nonpharmacologic treatment for cardiovascular comorbidities in dialysis patients. To identify the relationships between muscle function, miRNA signaling pathways, the presence of vascular calcifications and the severity of cardiovascular comorbidities, we initially enrolled 90 subjects on hemodialysis therapy and collected complete data from 46 subjects. A group of 26 subjects inactiv group (INC) was monitored during 12 weeks of physical inactivity and another group of 20 patients exercise group (EXC) was followed during 12 weeks of intradialytic, moderate intensity, resistance training intervention applied three times per week. In both groups, we assessed the expression levels of myo-miRNAs, proteins, and muscle function (MF) before and after the 12-week period. Data on the presence of vascular calcifications and the severity of cardiac comorbidities were collected from the patients' EuCliD® records. Using a full structural equitation modelling of the total study sample, we found that the higher the increase in MF was observed in patients, the higher the probability of a decrease in the expression of miR-206 and TRIM63 and the lower severity of cardiac comorbidities. A reduced structural model in INC patients showed that the higher the decrease in MF, the higher the probability of the presence of calcifications and the higher severity of cardiac comorbidities. In EXC patients, we found that the higher the increase in MF, the lower the probability of higher severity of cardiovascular comorbidities.

• MeSH
• cévní endotel metabolismus   MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• dialýza ledvin * MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci krev   genetika   terapie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA biosyntéza   krev   genetika   MeSH
• sedavý životní styl MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese metody   MeSH
• stárnutí krev   genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: This study describes the effect of rapid tumor growth of patients suffering from various grades of malignant ductal breast carcinoma associated with the gene expression of ECM protein emilin 1, in correlation with the number of gene copies of emilin 1 and degradation of tumor tissue proteins. METHODS: A total of 40 examined patients participated in the experiment (controls, n = 10, grades GI-GIII, each n = 10). After isolation of total mRNA, transcription of mRNA into the cDNA was performed. Quantification of gene expression changes was detected by the real-time PCR method. Analysis at the protein level was performed via Western blot method. RESULTS: During the detection of changes at the mRNA level, a significantly decreased level of emilin 1 in tumor tissues with grade II (about 54 ± 8 % lower than control) was identified. Protein-level analysis indicated an increased level of emilin 1 in tumors with grade I in comparison with control samples (about 10 ± 3 %). CONCLUSION: Obtained results demonstrated that the suppressive role of emilin 1 is related to the grade of growing breast tumors, and associated with increased hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment followed by elevated unfolding and degradation of tissue proteins.

• MeSH
• duktální karcinom prsu genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• exprese genu MeSH
• genová dávka MeSH
• komplementární DNA genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové glykoproteiny biosyntéza   genetika   MeSH
• messenger RNA genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory prsu genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• stupeň nádoru MeSH
• western blotting MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Cancer chemoprevention is defined as the use of natural, synthetic or biological chemical agents to reverse, suppress or prevent carcinogenic progression of invasive cancer. Carcinogenesis is a complex multi-step process; therefore, it is necessary to attack cell proliferation, stimulate apoptosis and inhibit angiogenesis. There have been more than 60 randomised trials using chemopreventive potential agents. The success of several recent clinical trials in preventing cancer in high-risk populations suggests that chemoprevention is a rational and appealing strategy. In this review, we describe the conceptual basis for the chemoprevention of cancer, proven concepts of efficiency and current trends in the use of chemopreventive agents according to place and mechanism of action. We classify chemopreventive substances into seven groups based on their chemical structure and their effects, namely, deltanoids (paracalcitriol), retinoids (13-cis retinoic acid), non-steroidal anti-rheumatics (Deguelin), antiestrogens (genistein), polyphenols (curcumin), sulphur containing compounds (sulforaphane) and terpenes (lycopene). Chemoprevention is one of several promising strategies for reducing the incidence of malignant tumours or helping to prolong the time before recurrence.

• MeSH
• biologické přípravky farmakologie   MeSH
• kalcitriol farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• modulátory estrogenních receptorů farmakologie   MeSH
• nádory prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• ochranné látky farmakologie   MeSH
• polyfenoly farmakologie   MeSH
• retinoidy farmakologie   MeSH
• rotenon analogy a deriváty   farmakologie   MeSH
• sloučeniny síry farmakologie   MeSH
• terpeny farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Karcinóm močového mechúra je štvrtým najčastejším nádorovým ochorením u mužov a ôsmym u žien. Onkomarkery zohrávajú dôležitú úlohu v skorej detekcii, ako aj monitorovaní terapeutickej odpovede a prognóze daného ochorenia. Hľadanie nových markerov pomocou molekulovej analýzy stále pokračuje, pretože akékoľvek zvýšenie senzitivity a špecificity v diagnostike je veľkým prínosom v klinickej praxi.

Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and the eighth most common cancer in women. Oncomarkers play a crucial role in early detection of bladder cancer, as well as in treatment response monitoring and prognosis. Search for a new marker by molecular analysis is in progress because any diagnostic sensitivity and specificity enhancement is a great benefit for clinical practice.

• MeSH
• diagnostické techniky molekulární využití   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• jaderné proteiny diagnostické užití   moč   MeSH
• karcinoembryonální antigen izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• keratin-19 diagnostické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metaloproteinasy secernované do matrix diagnostické užití   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře diagnóza   MeSH
• neuropiliny metabolismus   MeSH
• osteoprotegerin diagnostické užití   krev   MeSH
• proteinkinasy závislé na cyklickém GMP diagnostické užití   MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Analysis of changes after ischemia-reperfusion (IR) attack to the small intestine leads to multiple organ dysfunction (multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, MODS) and the subsequent death of patients is a topic for discussion. IR stress affects the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ER dysfunction induces responses through kinases activation that stimulate anti-apoptotic mechanism, for example Grp78 (Bip) (Yeung et al., 2008) and pro-apoptotic mechanism, for example, activation Gadd153 (Chop) (Allyson et al., 2007). We analyzed the impact of IR damage of epithelium of the small intestine of rats after 1 h ischemia and subsequent 1 h, 24 h and 30 days of reperfusion on the level of apoptotic genes expression (Gadd153) and (Bip). In this study we used RT-PCR for detection of changes in gene expression. Significantly increased levels of mRNA for Gadd153 gene were detected after 1 h ischemia and 1 h reperfusion. The mRNA level of Grp78 gene was increased 24 h after ischemia comparing with the control groups. After 30 days of reperfusion Grp78 was at the level of control groups. Still, it is necessary to analyze the changes in the damaged tissue at the molecular level to define possible pathways leading to the tissue protection.

• MeSH
• apoptóza genetika   MeSH
• exprese genu MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• messenger RNA MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• proteiny teplotního šoku genetika   MeSH
• reperfuzní poškození genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• tenké střevo krevní zásobení   metabolismus   MeSH
• transkripční faktor CHOP genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH