Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and idiopathic hirsutism (IH) are androgen excess disorders requiring the determination of classic androgen levels for diagnosis. 11-oxygenated androgens have high androgenic potential, yet their clinical value in those disorders is not clear. Additionally, the role of endocrine disruptors (EDs), particularly in IH, remains understudied. We analyzed 25 steroids and 18 EDs in plasma samples from women with IH, PCOS, and controls using LC-MS/MS. Cytokine levels and metabolic parameters were assessed. Comparisons included non-obese women with PCOS (n = 10), women with IH (n = 12) and controls (n = 20), and non-obese versus obese women with PCOS (n = 9). Higher levels of 11-oxygenated androgens were observed in women with PCOS compared to those with IH, but not controls. Conversely, 11-oxygenated androgen levels were lower in women with IH compared to controls. Cytokine levels did not differ between women with IH and controls. Bisphenol A (BPA) levels were higher in obese women with PCOS compared to non-obese women with PCOS. Bisphenol S occurrence was higher in women with PCOS (90%) compared to controls (65%) and IH (50%). Significant correlations were found between androgens (11-ketotestosterone, androstenedione, testosterone) and insulin and HOMA-IR, as well as between immunomodulatory 7-oxygenated metabolites of DHEA and nine interleukins. Our data confirms that PCOS is a multiendocrine gland disorder. Higher BPA levels in obese women might exacerbate metabolic abnormalities. IH was not confirmed as an inflammatory state, and no differences in BPA levels suggest BPA does not play a role in IH pathogenesis.
- MeSH
- androgeny * krev metabolismus MeSH
- benzhydrylové sloučeniny krev MeSH
- cytokiny krev metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory * krev MeSH
- fenoly MeSH
- hirzutismus * krev etiologie chemicky indukované MeSH
- hyperandrogenismus krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- obezita krev metabolismus MeSH
- syndrom polycystických ovarií * krev metabolismus MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are ubiquitous substances both in the environment and everyday products that interfere with the hormonal system. Growing evidence demonstrates their adverse effects on the organism, including the reproductive system and the prostate, owing to their (anti)estrogenic or antiandrogenic effects. Since EDs can interact with steroid hormone actions on-site, understanding the levels of intraprostatic EDs in conjunction with steroids may hold particular significance. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for determining estrogens, various groups of EDs (bisphenols, parabens, oxybenzone and nonylphenol) and phytoestrogens in their unconjugated and conjugated forms in prostate tissue by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and subsequently analyze 20 human prostate tissue samples. The method enabled 20 compounds to be analyzed: estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol), bisphenols (bisphenol A- BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, BPAP, BPZ, BPP), parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl- paraben), oxybenzone, nonylphenol and phytoestrogens (daidzein, genistein, equol) with LLOQs between 0.017-2.86 pg/mg of tissue. The most frequently detected EDs in prostate tissues were propylparaben (conjugated and unconjugated forms in 100 % of tissues), methylparaben (unconjugated in 45 % and conjugated in 100 %), ethylparaben (unconjugated in 25 % and conjugated in 100 % BPA (unconjugated in 35 % and conjugated in 60 % and oxybenzone (both forms in 45 % To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study detecting EDs, phytoestrogens and estriol conjugate (E3C) in the prostate. E3C was the most abundant estrogen in prostatic tissue. This highlights the need for further explorations into estrogen metabolism within the prostate.
- MeSH
- benzhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory * MeSH
- estriol MeSH
- estrogeny * MeSH
- fytoestrogeny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- parabeny MeSH
- prostata chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The fast-track process to approve vaccines against COVID-19 has raised questions about their safety, especially in relation to fertility. Over the last 2 years, studies have appeared monitoring female fertility, especially from assisted reproduction centers or in animal experiments. However, studies monitoring healthy populations are still limited. The aim of our study was to monitor the relevant parameters of female fertility (sex and other steroids, LH, FSH, SHBG, Antimüllerian hormone and antral follicle count) before and then 2-4 months after the third dose of vaccination against COVID-19 in a group of 25 healthy fertile woman. In addition, anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-SARS-CoV-2S antibodies were determined. We did not observe significant changes in the measured parameters before and after the third dose of vaccination. By comparing levels of the analytes with antibodies indicating a prior COVID-19 infection, we found that women who had experienced the disease had statistically lower levels of estrone, estradiol, SHBG and 5α-dihydroprogesterone, and conversely, higher levels of androgen active dehydroepiandrosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Our results confirm that vaccination does not affect female fertility, and that what fertile women should be worried about is not vaccination, but rather COVID-19 infection itself.
- MeSH
- 20-alfa-dihydroprogesteron MeSH
- androgeny MeSH
- antimülleriánský hormon * MeSH
- COVID-19 * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteron MeSH
- dihydrotestosteron MeSH
- estradiol MeSH
- estron MeSH
- fertilita MeSH
- folikuly stimulující hormon MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- vakcíny proti COVID-19 MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
A development of robust and rapid method with simple sample preparation for the analysis of steroids of C18-, C19-, C21- families is of interest of many research groups. Here we present a novel LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of 32 steroid hormones in human plasma. Twenty-two of them were analyzed directly without the need for derivatization, while ten were derivatized with 2-fluoro-1-methylpyridinium p-toluenesulfonate. The steroids were separated on a C18 column with a gradient elution consisting of methanol and water with the addition of 0.1% formic acid. The mass spectrometer was operated in positive ESI mode. Validation demonstrated that the method was applicable for the quantitative analysis of two C18- steroids (estrone, estradiol), nineteen C19- steroids (testosterone, epitestosterone, dihydrotestosterone, 11-ketodihydrotestosterone, 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione, 11β-hydroxytestosterone, 11-ketotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, 7α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, 7β-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, 7-ketodehydroepiandrosterone, androsterone, epiandrosterone, androstenedione, androstenediol, 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol, 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol, 5β-androstane-3α,17β-diol, 5β-androstane-3β,17β-diol), and eleven C21- steroids (cortisol, 21-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, cortisone, corticosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, pregnenolone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 5α-dihydroprogesterone). The lower limits of quantification are appropriate for analyses in both physiological and various pathophysiological conditions. The accuracy, intra- and inter-day precision values as well as stability tests were in accordance with FDA Guidelines. The method will be a useful tool in investigating the mechanisms of steroid-related diseases and will serve as a steppingstone for the development of other methods for steroid analyses in various biological matrices such as prostate tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, seminal fluid, and saliva.
- MeSH
- androgeny MeSH
- androstendion * MeSH
- chromatografie kapalinová metody MeSH
- estron MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
1. elektronické vydání 1 online zdroj (304 stran)
Kniha Skrytí hrdinové: tři případy mexického románu noir se věnuje románům tří spisovatelů, kteří obohatili mexickou detektivku v období let 1976-2014. Prvním je Paco Ignacio Taibo II, jehož literární kritika považuje za zakladatele a předního propagátora subžánru noir v Mexiku. Druhým autorem je Juan Hernández Luna, který do své tvorby vkomponoval fantastické prvky a mexický noir revitalizoval. Posledním autorem je Gabriel Trujillo Munoz zasazující své romány na hraniční sever, nicméně jeho tvorba se nedá zjednodušeně zařadit mezi populární ""narcoliteraturu"".; Kniha Skrytí hrdinové: tři případy mexického románu noir se věnuje románům tří spisovatelů, kteří obohatili mexickou detektivku v období let 1976-2014. Prvním je Paco Ignacio Taibo II, jehož literární kritika považuje za zakladatele a předního propagátora subžánru noir v Mexiku. Druhým autorem je Juan Hernández Luna, který do své tvorby vkomponoval fantastické prvky a mexický noir revitalizoval. Posledním autorem je Gabriel Trujillo Munoz zasazující své romány na hraniční sever, nicméně jeho tvorba se nedá zjednodušeně zařadit mezi populární \\\"\\\"narcoliteraturu\\\"\\\". Vybraná díla jsou analyzována pomocí Doleželovy teorie fikčních světů ve snaze prozkoumat, čím se vyznačují zvolené narativní světy a současně doložit, že postavy \\\"\\\"detektivů\\\"\\\" mexického románu noir spojuje koncept skrytého hrdinství.
Androgens represent the main hormones responsible for maintaining hormonal balance and function in the prostate and testis. As they are involved in prostate and testicular carcinogenesis, more detailed information of their active concentration at the site of action is required. Since the introduction of the term intracrinology as the local formation of active steroid hormones from inactive precursors of the adrenal gland, mainly dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-S, it is evident that blood circulating levels of sex steroid hormones need not reflect their actual concentrations in the tissue. Here, we review and critically evaluate available methods for the analysis of human intraprostatic and intratesticular steroid concentrations. Since analytical approaches have much in common in both tissues, we discuss them together. Preanalytical steps, including various techniques for separation of the analytes, are compared, followed by the end-point measurement. Advantages and disadvantages of chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS, GC-MS), immunoanalytical methods (IA), and hybrid (LC-IA) are discussed. Finally, the clinical information value of the determined steroid hormones is evaluated concerning differentiating between patients with cancer or benign hyperplasia and between patients with different degrees of infertility. Adrenal-derived 11-oxygenated androgens are mentioned as perspective prognostic markers for these purposes.
- MeSH
- androgeny metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nadledviny metabolismus MeSH
- pohlavní steroidní hormony metabolismus MeSH
- prostata metabolismus MeSH
- steroidy metabolismus MeSH
- testis metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
The determination of steroid hormones and subsequent interpretation of results is accompanied by a range of difficulties. The amount of information that current technology can provide on the circulating concentrations of more than a hundred various steroid compounds can lead to problems with interpretation. The aim of this study is to help provide orientation in this maze of data on steroid hormones. First we focus on specific aspects arising from the pre-analytical phase of steroid determination that need to be considered when planning sampling, whether for diagnostics or research. Then, we provide a brief summary of the characteristics and diagnostic relevance of several steroid hormones and/or their metabolites: pregnenolone, 17alpha-hydroxy-pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, hydroxyderivatives of dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, cortisol, cortisone, which in our institute are determined with validated LC-MS/MS methods. For these steroids, we also provide newly calculated reference values in fertile women according to the phase of their menstrual cycle.
