AIMS: Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for locally advanced rectal cancer as an integral part of multimodal treatment, may lead to reduced local recurrence but it is not routinely used. The aim of this paper is to describe our experience with IORT in the treatment of patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the lower third of the rectum. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Laparoscopic abdominoperineal amputation of the rectum with intraoperative radiotherapy was performed on 17 patients, 13 men and 4 women, median age 64 years (49-75 years) between 2010-2011. All patients underwent complete therapy according to the treatment protocol. RESULTS: In one patient, the laparoscopic procedure had to be converted to an open resection. The duration of the surgical procedure with IORT was 185 to 345 min (median 285 min). In 14 cases, the intraoperative dose was 10 Gy and in two patients a dose of 12 Gy was used. There were no severe intraoperative complications. Blood loss ranged from 30 to 500 mL (median 100 mL). There were postoperative complications in 4 patients (23.5%); 2 necessitated surgical reintervention (11.8%). The duration of postoperative hospitalization was 6 to 35 days (median 7 days). In the follow-up of 2 to 16 months (median 12 months), no local recurrence or disease generalization have been found to date. CONCLUSIONS: The results show the technical feasibility of laparoscopically assisted abdominoperineal amputation of the rectum in combination with IORT in the treatment of locally advanced rectal carcinoma with an acceptable risk of postperative complications.

• MeSH
• Adenocarcinoma radiotherapy   surgery   MeSH
• Combined Modality Therapy MeSH
• Laparoscopy * MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Rectal Neoplasms radiotherapy   surgery   MeSH
• Intraoperative Care MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• Keywords
• Arixtra,
• MeSH
• Aspirin administration & dosage   MeSH
• Factor Xa MeSH
• Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight administration & dosage   MeSH
• Factor Xa Inhibitors MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Occlusive Dressings MeSH
• Postoperative Care MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Thromboembolism drug therapy   prevention & control   MeSH
• Warfarin administration & dosage   MeSH
• Venous Thrombosis drug therapy   prevention & control   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH