Vysokoškolská učebnice, která obsahuje úlohy a příklady, které se zaměřují na biochemii a lékařskou chemii.

• MeSH
• biochemie MeSH
• klinická chemie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NLK Obory
• biochemie
• NLK Publikační typ
• učebnice vysokých škol
• pracovní sešity

The cornea and the skin are two organs that form the outer barrier of the human body. When either is injured (e.g., from surgery, physical trauma, or chemical burns), wound healing is initiated to restore integrity. Many cells are activated during wound healing. In particular, fibroblasts that are stimulated often transition into repair fibroblasts or myofibroblasts that synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM) components into the wound area. Control of wound ECM deposition is critical, as a disorganized ECM can block restoration of function. One of the most abundant structural proteins in the mammalian ECM is collagen. Collagen type I is the main component in connective tissues. It can be readily obtained and purified, and short analogs have also been developed for tissue engineering applications, including modulating the wound healing response. This review discusses the effect of several current collagen implants on the stimulation of corneal and skin wound healing. These range from collagen sponges and hydrogels to films and membranes.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotropic cannabinoid produced by the genus Cannabis, is a phytoceutical that activates the endocannabinoid system (ECS) through binding to CB1 and CB2 receptors. The ECS is involved in cellular homeostasis and regulates metabolic processes in virtually all mammalian tissues. Published studies on CBD focus, inter alia, on its use in prophylaxis and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Here the authors present a critical assessment of the effects of CBD on inflammatory periodontal diseases caused by bacterial virulence factors, and evaluate critically the possible benefits and drawbacks of CBD use in dentistry. Particular attention is paid to the interaction of CBD with microbially colonized oral tissues, the inflammatory response in relation to the immune response, and the destruction/regeneration of hard and soft tissues of the periodontium.

• MeSH
• analgetika MeSH
• kanabidiol * metabolismus   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kanabinoidy * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci parodontu * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• receptor kanabinoidní CB1 MeSH
• savci metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Myricetin (MYR) and dihydromyricetin (DHM) are classified as natural flavonoids. Both substances are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, an in vitro model of inflammation was demonstrated on monolayers of scratched fibroblasts or keratinocytes exposed to LPS from Pseudomonas aeruginosa for six hours. MYR and DHM were subsequently applied to the cells for 24 hours at sub toxic concentrations (5-15 μM). Inflammatory parameters were analysed in collected cell medium and lysate after the incubation period using the Enzyme-Linked ImmuneSorbent Assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Both flavonoids inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8) in LPS-stimulated skin cells as well as the decreased level of MMP-1 in fibroblasts. However, the application of MYR and DHM dose dependently increased the level of MMP-1 in keratinocytes. In our experiments, we focused on the anti-glycation activity of MYR and DHM, where the higher concentration of MYR seems to be more effective.

• Klíčová slova
• Myricetin, Dihydromyricetin,
• MeSH
• flavonoidy terapeutické užití   MeSH
• hodnocení léčiv MeSH
• hojení ran * účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• rány a poranění MeSH
• zánět MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Nanoparticles are utilized in a wide range of industries. The most studied silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in medicine and also in several wound dressings due to their antimicrobial properties. The inflammatory response or potential morphological changes of skin cells after their application are not well known yet. In our study we used the model of human reconstructed epidermis (RHE), prepared in our laboratory, to evaluate whether the AgNPs penetrate through RHE, induce some morphological changes of keratinocytes or influence the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8). After the application of three different concentrations (25 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 0.25 ppm) of AgNPs to of RHE for 24 hours we verified that AgNPs did not affect the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) and neither did they influence the expression of keratin K14 and loricrin. The morphology of the cells was likewise unchanged. Based on these results we conclude that AgNPs do not have any negative effect on the morphological changes and do not increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

• MeSH
• buněčné kultury MeSH
• epidermis * patologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• keratinocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• kovové nanočástice * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• stříbro farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The epidermis is the external layer of the skin and is composed mainly of keratinocytes. Therefore, keratinocytes play an indispensable role as inherent constituents of the skin barrier in physical defenses against environmental threats. Keratinocytes also exert an active protective role against invasion by pathogens. This competency is of particular importance when physical defenses fail as a consequence of skin injury. During the inflammatory phase of healing, keratinocytes act as immuno-modulators, managing inflammation via a rigorously coordinated network of inflammatory cascades, triggered by keratinocyte-receptor communication with the surroundings in a paracrine and autocrine manner. This review summarizes current understandings of the coordinated inflammatory network and focuses on recent progress regarding the role of keratinocytes in early phases of skin wound healing.

• MeSH
• cytokiny MeSH
• fyziologie kůže MeSH
• hojení ran fyziologie   MeSH
• interleukin 33 MeSH
• interleukin-1alfa MeSH
• interleukin-1beta MeSH
• keratinocyty * fyziologie   MeSH
• kůže * zranění   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mediátory zánětu fyziologie   MeSH
• NF-kappa B MeSH
• protein NLRP3 MeSH
• toll-like receptory MeSH
• zánět * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Background. Dental implants are a suitable option for the replacement of some or all missing teeth. Their main function is to secure the stability of the artificial tooth. The implant material interacts with several cell types including osteoblasts, gingival fibroblasts, periodontal ligament fibroblasts and monocytes. The most common material used is pure titanium which is corrosion resistant and has an elasticity modulus similar to that of bone. In recent years, diverse modified titanium surfaces have also been developed. The wound healing around the implant is a complex process that determines how well the host can heal and accept the implanted material. For this reason, search for markers of the biocompatibility of these new materials is paramount. To identify markers found to be suitable for studying the biocompatibility of dental implants. Methods. Review of Pubmed and Web of Science databases for the years 1958-2010. Conclusions. The surface of dental implant material should enhance firm attachment of the implant to junctional epithelium, soft connective tissue and bone. For the purposes of dental implant biocompatibility studies, a number of markers produced by osteoblasts or by cells of periodontal ligament have been proposed. In general, the most typical markers for osteoblasts and fibroblasts are alkaline phosphatase and collagen I, respectively. The involvement of both cell types in the inflammatory response is primarily evaluated by determination of tumour necrosis factor ? and proinflammatory interleukins.

• MeSH
• alkalická fosfatasa metabolismus   MeSH
• endoseální implantace zubů MeSH
• fibroblasty metabolismus   MeSH
• gingiva metabolismus   MeSH
• hojení ran MeSH
• kolagen metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osteoblasty metabolismus   MeSH
• periodontální vaz metabolismus   MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• titan MeSH
• zubní implantáty MeSH
• zubní materiály MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH