STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study. OBJECTIVES: Analysis of epidemiological data about acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in the Czech Republic over a period of 10 years (2006-2015). METHODS: A data collection system was implemented in the rehabilitation centres which provides care to patients with acute SCI in the Czech Republic. The recorded variables are as follows: age at time of SCI; gender; cause of injury; neurological level of injury (NLI); and its severity (ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS)). Data from 2006 to 2015 were analysed and trends were determined. RESULTS: The overall number of acute SCI ranges between 250 and 300 cases annually. Two-third of the affected population are males. The average age at time of SCI is 49.1 years. The average incidence of traumatic SCI is 15.5 cases per year and is gradually decreasing. The leading cause of SCI are falls (44.5%), followed by traffic accidents (28.2%) and sports injuries including diving into water (19.7%). The incidence of non-traumatic SCI is 8.6 cases per year on average and has an upward trend. Inflammatory lesions account for 26.7% of cases, tumours account for 20.9%, and vascular related injuries make up 17.7%. The NLI occurs most often in the cervical segments (45.3%). The most frequently occurring lesions are motor incomplete: AIS D (33.3%). CONCLUSION: This study shows a stable occurrence of SCI in the Czech Republic, with cervical and motor incomplete cases being the leading ones. Epidemiological data are needed to improve the care of SCI patients and to promote an active life following it.
- MeSH
- akutní nemoc MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poranění míchy epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between posturally increased intra-abdominal pressure and lower/upper esophageal sphincter pressure changes in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. We used high resolution manometry to measure pressure changes in lower and upper esophageal sphincter during bilateral leg rise. We also examined whether the rate of lower and upper esophageal sphincter pressure would increase during leg raise differentially in individuals with versus without normal resting pressure. Fifty eight patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease participated in the study. High resolution manometry was performed in relaxed supine position, then lower and upper esophageal sphincter pressure was measured. Finally, the subjects were instructed to keep their legs lifted while performing 90-degree flexion at the hips and knees and the pressure was measured again. Paired t-test and independent samples t-test were used. There was a significant increase in both lower (P < 0.001) and upper esophageal sphincter pressure (P = 0.034) during leg raise compared to the initial resting position. Individuals with initially higher pressure in lower esophageal sphincter (>10 mmHg) exhibited a greater pressure increase during leg raise than those with initially lower pressure (pressure ≤10 mmHg; P = 0.002). Similarly individuals with higher resting upper esophageal sphincter pressure (>44 mmHg) showed a greater pressure increase during leg raise than those with lower resting pressure (≤44 mmHg; P < 0.001). The results illustrate the influence of postural leg activities on intraesophageal pressure in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, indicating by means of high resolution manometry that diaphragmatic postural and sphincter function are likely interrelated in this population.
- MeSH
- bérec fyziologie MeSH
- dolní jícnový svěrač fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gastroezofageální reflux patofyziologie MeSH
- horní jícnový svěrač fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- manometrie MeSH
- postura těla MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- svalová kontrakce fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Autorky referují o klinickém průběhu kampylobakterióz u hospitalizovaných dětí v období let 1990-1996. Na Infekční klinice FN v Plzni bylo v tomto období hospitalizováno celkem 2649 dětí ve věkovém rozmezí 3 týdnů až 36 měsíců. Pro gastroenteritidu bylo přijato celkem 1950 dětí, z toho pro kampylobakteriózu , celkem 149 pacientů uvedeného věku (7,6 %). Campylobacter jejuni jako jediný patogen byl zastižen u 124 dětí (83 %), v 17 % se jednalo o kombinaci s dalším střevním patogenem. Campylobacter jejuni byl v uvedeném souboru třetím nejčastějším etiologickým agens průjmových onemocnění s maximem výskytu v letních měsících roku. Asymptomatický průběh kampylobakteriózy byl zaznamenán u 6 % dětí. Průběh onemocnění symptomatických pripadů byl mírný až středně těžký, pozorovány 2 septické formy nemoci. Komplikace se vyskytly v 9,3 %. Léčba kampylobakterióz byla převážně symptomatická.
The authors present an account on the clinical course of campylobacterioses in hospitalized children during the period from 1990-1996. At the Infectious Diseases Clinic. Faculty Hospital Plzeň during this period a total of 2 649 children aged 3 week to 36 months were hospitalized. A total of 1950 children were admitted on account of gastroenteritis, incl. 149 patients (7,6 %) on account of campylobacteriosis. Campylobacter jejuni as the only pathogenic organism was detected in 124 children (83 %), in 17 % there was a combination with another intestinal pathogenic organism. Campylobacter jejuni was in the mentioned group of children the third most frequent etiological agent of diarrhoeal diseases with a maximum incidence in the summer months. An asymptomatic course of campylobacterioses was recorded in 6 % of the children. The course of t the disease in symptomatic cases was mild to medium severe, two aseptic forms of the disease were recorded. Complications developed in 9,3 % of the patients. Treatment of campylobacteriosis was in the majority symptomatic.
