Lactobacilli in the vaginal tract are essential to protect against microbial infections. We therefore focused on isolating vaginal lactobacilli from pregnant women and testing their functional properties. Lactobacilli were isolated from 50 vaginal swabs and the purified isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Functional properties (antimicrobial activity, organic acids and hydrogen peroxide production, antibiotic susceptibility, auto-aggregation, and hydrophobicity) of selected isolates were tested. Lactobacilli (41 strains) were identified in 58% of swabs with a predominance of Lactobacillus crispatus (48%) followed by L. jensenii (21%), L. rhamnosus (14%), L. fermentum (10%), and L. gasseri (7%). The highest antibacterial activity was determined for L. fermentum and L. rhamnosus. Strong anti-Candida activity was observed for strains L. crispatus, L. fermentum, and L. rhamnosus. Strain L. jensenii 58C possessed the highest production of hydrogen peroxide (6.32 ± 0.60 mg/l). The best lactic acid producer was strain L. rhamnosus 72A (11.6 ± 0.2 g/l). All strains were resistant to fluconazole and metronidazole. The highest auto-aggregation was observed for strain L. crispatus 51A (98.8 ± 0.1% after 24 h). Strain L. rhamnosus 68A showed the highest hydrophobicity (69.1 ± 1.4%). Strains L. fermentum and L. rhamnosus showed high antibacterial activity and hydrophobicity, and strains L. crispatus possessed high auto-aggregation and anti-Candida activity. Thus, these strains alone or in a mix could be used for the preparation of probiotic products for treatment and prevention of vulvovaginal infections of pregnant and non-pregnant women.
- MeSH
- Candida růst a vývoj MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kandidóza * mikrobiologie terapie MeSH
- Lactobacillus * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- vagina mikrobiologie MeSH
- vaginitida * mikrobiologie terapie MeSH
- vulvitida * mikrobiologie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cíle. Cílem studie bylo zhodnocení psychometrických vlastností české verze dotazníku CSIV, který je nástrojem pro měření sociálních motivů, a vytvoření českých norem pro internetovou populaci za účelem přispět k možnému budoucímu použití tohoto nástroje. Vzorek. Online dotazník byl administrován u 2698 respondentů, z nichž 2574 (34,77 % mužů, 65,23 % žen) odeslalo kompletní, validní dotazník a byli tak zahrnuti do analýzy. 2343 respondentů (35,25 % mužů, 64,75 % žen) dokončilo také dotazník BFI-44. Statistická analýza. Reliabilita byla ověřena pomocí Cronbachova koeficientu alfa a McDonaldova koeficientu omega. Kruhová struktura jednotlivých oktantových škál CSIV byla testována pomocí korelací, randomizovaného testu relací uspořádání a modelování strukturálních rovnic. Rozdíly mezi pohlavími byly testovány pomocí Welchova t-testu a Holmovy metody. Normy (průměry, směrodatné odchylky a kvartily) byly vypočítány pro obě skupiny zvlášť. Výsledky. Česká verze CSIV vykazuje dobré psychometrické vlastnosti. Cronbachovo alfa se u jednotlivých škál pohybovalo v rozpětí mezi 0,733 a 0,845. McDonaldovo omega se u jednotlivých škál pohybovalo v rozpětí od 0,738 do 0,848. První dvě komponenty PCA vysvětlují 66,67 % rozptylu. Byla splněna všechna kritéria pro stanovení kruhové struktury. Byly nalezeny signifikantní a významné korelace mezi sociálními hodnotami či cíli měřenými pomocí CSIV a behaviorálními dispozicemi měřenými BFI-44. Limity studie. Studie je limitována absencí dat pro test-retest realibilitu. Závěry jsou založeny na datech uváděných respondenty v rámci online výzkumu.
Objectives. The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Czech version of the Circumplex Scales of Interpersonal Values (CSIV), a measure of social motives, and to generate Czech norms for the internet population to aid future applications of the measure. Sample and settings. An online questionnaire was administered to 2698 respondents, of which 2574 (34.77% men, 65.23% women) submitted complete, valid questionnaires and were thus included in the analyses. 2343 respondents (35.25% men, 64.75% women) also completed the BFI-44 questionnaire. Statistical analysis. Scale reliabilities were computed using Cronbach alphas and McDonald’s omegas. The CSIV octant scales’ circumplex structure was tested using correlations, a randomization test of order relations, and structural equation modelling. Gender differences were tested using Welch’s t-tests and Holm method. Separate norms (means. standard deviations and quartiles) were computed for each gender subgroup. Results. The Czech version of the CSIV showed good psychometric properties. The Cronbach’s alphas of the individual scales range between 0.733 and 0.845. The McDonald’s omegas of the individual scales range between 0.738 and 0.848. The first two components in the PCA explain 66.67% of the variance, and all circumplex structure criteria were met. There were significant and theoretically sensible correlations of the social values or goals assessed by the CSIV and the behavioural dispositions assessed by the BFI-44. Study limitation. The study is limited by the absence of test-retest reliability data. The conclusions are based on self-reported data as part of the online study.
External fixators of serious fractures could be an attractive substrate on which microorganisms can accumulate. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a suitable method for enabling the simulation of a real situation when osteosynthetic fixation material is open for the potential threat of bacterial attack. Agar-based media represented human tissue, and the metallic pin characterized the screw in the fixation. Various types of agar, supplements, and contamination strategy by Staphylococcus aureus were tested. The influence of the initial bacterial concentration was also examined. Surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and all results were compared. Brain Heart Infusion Agar with the Egg Yolk Tellurite Emulsion was established in a transparent test tube as a suitable system for enabling the good interpretability of bacterial contamination in the pin's surroundings. Pin contamination has been found to be an appropriate approach for testing microbial growth, rather than agar surface contamination, which distorted obtained results. A lower initial colony forming units (CFU) provided better clarity of the test. SEM observation of the pin surface was comparable with the visual evaluations in the test tubes. Results were assembled for positive and negative control samples as well. Screening method for the most common bacteria S. aureus has been standardized and developed. This experimental setup could also be a useful tool for surface modification with antibacterial properties testing.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- externí fixátory mikrobiologie MeSH
- kontaminace zdravotnického vybavení * MeSH
- kultivační média MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
- počet mikrobiálních kolonií MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků růst a vývoj ultrastruktura MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Titanium biomaterials are widely used in the medical field due to their biocompatibility and excellent corrosion and mechanical resistance. However, these materials have no antibacterial properties. To obtain an antibacterial active surface, a nanostructure of Ti6Al4V alloy was created. This specific nanostructure contained nanotubes and micro-cavities and was used as a substrate for silver anchoring. The electrochemical approach to silver reduction was studied. It is a common approach for silver deposition and in this work, inhomogeneities in the nanostructure were used as a preferential area for silver localisation. The galvanostatic regimen of deposition allowed for a technically quantitative process and the required silver placement. The experimental conditions used enabled testing and silver dissolution rate evaluation within a reasonable time span. Based on the corrosion and analytical results (EDS, XPS and ICP-MS), a two-phase silver release mechanism was confirmed. The openings of the individual nanotubes were filled with silver nanoparticles, whose release was relatively fast. By contrast, the silver anchored inside the cavities allowed the silver to release gradually. Antibacterial efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was successfully demonstrated. Cytotoxicity testing with murine fibroblasts showed cell metabolic activity far above the normative limit of 70%.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakologie MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály chemie MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nanostruktury chemie MeSH
- protézy a implantáty MeSH
- stafylokokové infekce farmakoterapie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- stříbro aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakologie MeSH
- systémy cílené aplikace léků metody MeSH
- titan chemie MeSH
- uvolňování léčiv MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
