Východiská: Materské mlieko predstavuje ideálny a pri- rodzený spôsob potravy pre novorodencov. Dojčenie je prirodzená a nenahraditeľná výživa novorodenca. Matka by mala počas dojčenia dbať na správnu a vy- váženú stravu. Cieľom štúdie bolo posúdiť dôležitosť dojčenia ako aj výživu dojčiacich matiek. Súbor a metódy: Štúdie sa zúčastnilo 140 matiek rôzneho veku a vzdelania. Otázky v dotazníkoch sa zaoberali dojčením, chorobnosťou detí, zavádzaním umelých náhrad a výživou dojčiacich matiek. Dáta boli spracované pomocou programu Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Výsledky: 54 % matiek uviedlo, že výlučne dojčilo do 6. mesiaca, pričom 47 % respondentiek náhradu mlieka deťom počas prvých 6 mesiacov vôbec nepo- skytli. Vzhľadom na odporúčanú vyváženú stravu, 84 % matiek stravu počas dojčenia prvého dieťaťa upravilo. Záver: Prirodzená výživa, teda dojčenie prináša vý- hody nielen pre dieťa, ale aj pre matku. Optimálnu výživu pre novorodenca aj dojča predstavuje mater- ské mlieko, ktoré je počas ich prvých šesť mesiacov nenahraditeľnou výživou. Dojčiaca matka vo svojej pestrej a kvalitnej strave musí zabezpečiť adekvátny prísun živín na tvorbu dostatočného množstva a kva- lity materského mlieka.
Introduction: Breast milk represents an ideal and natural way of food for newborns. Breastfeeding is the natural and irreplaceable nutrition of a newborn. The mother should take care of a proper and balan- ced diet during breastfeeding. The aim of the study was to assess the importance of breastfeeding as well as the nutrition of breastfeeding mothers. File and methods: 180 mothers of different ages and education participated in the study. The questions in the questionnaires dealt with breastfeeding, morbidi- ty of children, introduction of artificial substitutes and nutrition of nursing mothers. The data were pro- cessed using the Microsoft Office Excel 2007 program. Results: 54 % of mothers stated that they exclusive- ly breastfed until the 6th month, while 47 % of the respondents did not provide milk substitute to their children during the first 6 months. Due to the re- commended balanced diet, 84 % of mothers adjus- ted their diet while breastfeeding their first child. Conclusion: Natural nutrition - breastfeeding, brings benefits not only for the child, but also for the mother. Optimal nutrition for both newborns and infants is re- presented by breast milk, which is irreplaceable nutri- tion during their first six months. The nursing mother should take the varied and the high-quality food to ensure an adequate supply of nutrients for the produc- tion of sufficient quantity and quality of breast milk.
Východiská: Zdravá výživa je dôležitým faktorom, ktorý ovplyvňuje zdravie darcu krvi ako aj kvalitu odobranej krvi. Patrí medzi faktory, ktoré môžeme zmenou stravovacích návykov ovplyvniť aj pozitívne, ale aj negatívne. Cieľom štúdie bolo posúdiť vplyv stravovania na darovanie krvi. Súbor a metódy: Štúdie sa zúčastnilo 150 bezprí- spevkových darcov krvi rôzneho pohlavia. Otázky v dotazníkoch sa zaoberali zdravotným stavom dar- cov, stravovacími návykmi pred darovaním krvi, alter- natívnym spôsobom stravovania. Dáta boli spracova- né pomocou programu Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Výsledky: Zistili sme, že 87 % respondentov pred darovaním krvi konzumovalo stravu, pričom 65 % pre- ferovalo ľahšie jedlo. Alternatívnemu spôsobu stravo- vania sa venovalo len 7 % zo všetkých respondentov, pričom 80 % nepovažovalo alternatívne stravovanie za kontraindikáciu. Záver: Dodržiavanie diétnych obmedzení pred odbe- rom krvi a pestrá, vyvážená a kvalitná strava u bezpríspevkových darcov krvi vplývalo pozitívne na ich zdravie.
Introduction: Healthy nutrition is an important fac- tor that affects the health of the blood donor as well as the quality of the collected blood. It is be- longs factors that can be influenced both positively and negatively by changing eating habits. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of diet on blood donation. File and methods: 150 blood donors of different genders participated in the study. Questions in the questionnaires dealt with the donors health state, eating habits before blood donation and an alterna- tive way of eating. Data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Results: We found that 87 % of respondents consu- med food before blood donation while 65% preferred lighter food. Only 7 % of all respondents used an alternative way of eating, while 80% did not consider alternative eating as a contraindication. Conclusion: Adherence to dietary restrictions before blood collection and the varied, balanced and high- -quality diet in voluntary blood donors had the po- sitive effect on their health.
In Slovakia, approximately 200 kidneys are transplanted annually. Each patient-recipient must be adjusted to the most appropriate immunosuppressive treatment to eliminate renal rejection. The high-performance liquid chromatography connected to tandem mass spectrometry was validated for the determination of cyclosporine A, tacrolimus, sirolimus, and everolimus in the whole blood. For the determination, C18 analytical column with a gradient of 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate, pH 4.0 and acetonitrile was used. A simple protein precipitation with zinc sulphate: methanol was used for the pretreatment of whole blood. The method provides reliable and reproducible results and it can be introduced to routine clinical practice.
The HPLC method with coulochemical detection, used for the determination of selected aminothiol compounds (homocysteine, cysteine, reduced glutathione, methionine) in human plasma after quercetin supplementation by consuming cereal onion biscuits, was optimized. The effects of changes of organic modifier (acetonitrile and methanol in phosphate buffer) in the mobile phase and the pH value of the mobile phase on the retention and separation factors were studied. According to the results obtained, mobile phase containing 6 % acetonitrile (v /v) in 50 mmol L1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution at pH 2.6 was found to be the most suitable for the separation of selected compounds. The method was validated with respect to linearity, precision, and accuracy. Results showed that the method was sufficiently reliable, sensitive, and suitable for application to real plasma samples in clinical or epidemiological studies. Results of the pilot study pointed to the fact that the consumption of onion biscuits (with increased content of quercetine) and simultaneous drinking of green tea during two months caused decrease of homocysteine level by about 18 %. However, there were no simple correlations between quercetin and investigated parameters observed.
- MeSH
- cystein analýza krev MeSH
- funkční potraviny využití MeSH
- glutathion analýza krev MeSH
- homocystein * analýza krev MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- krevní plazma chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- odběr vzorku krve MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie * využití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
HPLC determination of a background level of 8 oxodG and 2-dG in rat liver after addition of copper to perfusate was developed. The reversed phase analytical column Purospher® STAR C18e with 50 mmol L1 phosphate buffer, pH 5.5 and methanol (92:8, v/v) mobile phase was applied for the analysis. The validation of the HPLC method according to linearity, accuracy and precision was carried out. Oxidative DNA damage (expressed as concentration ratio of 8-oxodG/106 2-dG) was determined by the simultaneous measuring of 2-dG with UV detection followed by coulochemical detection of 8 oxodG. The procedure using a model of liver damage caused by intoxication with copper and ischemia / reperfusion with addition of various concentrations of CuSO4 to the perfused rat livers was tested. The aim of this study was to decide whether the toxicity of copper in liver perfusates is related to protein oxidation and oxidative DNA damage. The high contribution to the DNA damage can be related to the physical liver manipulation during harvest and reperfusion as well as to artefacts induced during the sample preparation (time-consuming sample handling during DNA isolation and extraction). The obtained results pointed out that the DNA damage occurred already during liver handling even before application of CuSO4, whereby concentration of CuSO4 higher than 0.03 mmol L1 caused a total liver damage, which led to a complete stop of the flow of the perfusate.
- MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- deoxyguanosin chemie MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky * metody využití MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- měď * toxicita MeSH
- nemoci jater * MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- poškození DNA * MeSH
- spektrofotometrie metody využití MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie * metody využití MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Hypercholesterolemia (HCH) is characterized by an increase of the total- and LDL-cholesterol in serum. In hypercholesterolemia, generally recognized as a risk factor of atherogenesis, oxidative stress and oxidatively modified LDL play a crucial role. In our study, children with elevated total cholesterol (above 4.5 mmol/l) were included. Parameters of lipid profile, lipophilic vitamins and antioxidants (retinol, ?-tocopherol, ?-tocopherol, xantophyll, lycophen and ß-carotene) and markers of oxidative damage to lipids (lipoperoxides and 8-isoprostanes) were evaluated. We found that children with hypercholesterolemia have significantly increased parameters of lipid profile and these are gender dependent only in HDL-cholesterol (1.27 ± 0.10 mmol/l in boys vs. 1.53 ± 0.07 mmol/l in girls; p<0.05) and TAG (1.63 ± 0.31 mmol/l in boys vs. 1.08 ± 0.09 mmol/l in girls; p<0.05). In addition, children with HCH have decreased total antioxidant capacity of serum (TEAC) (about 19.64%, p<0.05) and increased lipoperoxides (LP) (about 45.73%, p<0.001). We have revealed statistically significant correlations between parameters of lipid profile and lipophilic vitamins and antioxidants, as well as between markers of oxidative stress: positive correlation between LP and 8-iso (r=0.353, n=33, p<0.05) and negative correlations between these parameters and TEAC (r= –0.377, n=33, p<0.05 for LP and r= –0.379, n=33, p<0.05 for 8-iso). In conclusion, we confirmed relation between hypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress and effect of gender on these processes already in childhood. Since the atherosclerotic process begins in childhood before clinical symptoms, early detection of hypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress is important in later atherosclerosis prevention.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia analýza MeSH
- dinoprost analogy a deriváty krev MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hypercholesterolemie metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidové peroxidy krev MeSH
- lipidy krev MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
- vitaminy krev MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakty MeSH
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- epidemiologické studie MeSH
- glutathion-S-transferasa fí metabolismus MeSH
- glutathionperoxidasa metabolismus MeSH
- katalasa metabolismus MeSH
- kouření MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerální vlákna * škodlivé účinky toxicita MeSH
- oprava DNA MeSH
- oxidační stres * MeSH
- peroxidace lipidů MeSH
- poškození DNA * MeSH
- pracovní expozice * MeSH
- superoxiddismutasa metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- kosterní svaly * metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- leucin * metabolismus MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- proteolýza MeSH
- svalové proteiny * metabolismus MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
