The objective of the study was to determine whether the temperature of urine samples from patients with prostate cancer or the temperature of urine samples from men not suffering from this condition affects the efficacy of prostate cancer detection performed by a specially trained dog using its olfactory abilities. A total of 218 urine samples, divided into two sets differing in temperature, were tested for male prostate cancer by a dog sniffing urine samples. In group 1 (urine temperature 15–23 °C), 120 urine samples were examined by a sniffer dog, of which 57 samples were positive (from the group of men with established prostate cancer) and 63 samples were negative (from men not affected by prostate cancer). In group 2 (urine temperature 2–14 °C), 98 urine samples were examined by a sniffer dog, of which 51 were positive (from the group of men with established prostate cancer) and 47 were negative (from men not affected by prostate cancer). The results of our study demonstrated no link between the efficacy of male prostate cancer detection performed by a specially trained dog using its olfactory abilities from a urine sample and the temperature range from 2–23 °C (P > 0.05).
Biosensors are dynamically developing analytical devices for the detection of substrates or other bioactive substances. They can be used for quick gas or liquid analyses and the construction of sensitive detection systems. This review highlights the advances and development of biosensors suitable for human and veterinary medicine and, namely, a novel contribution of nanotechnology for ultrasensitive diagnosis and personalized medicine. The synergic effect of nanotechnology and biosensors opens a new dimension for effective treatment and disease detection at their early stages.
About 30 percent of patients diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The senescence of bone marrow?derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) seems to be one of the determining factors in inducing this drift. Research is continuously looking for new methodologies and technologies that can use bioelectric signals to act on senescence and cell differentiation towards the phenotype of interest. The Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer (REAC) technology, aimed at reorganizing the endogenous bioelectric activity, has already shown to be able to determine direct cell reprogramming effects and counteract the senescence mechanisms in stem cells. Aim of the present study was to prove if the anti-senescence results previously obtained in different kind of stem cells with the REAC Tissue optimization - regenerative (TO-RGN) treatment, could also be observed in BMSCs, evaluating cell viability, telomerase activity, p19ARF, P21, P53, and hTERT gene expression. The results show that the REAC TO-RGN treatment may be a useful tool to counteract the BMSCs senescence which can be the basis of AML drift. Nevertheless, further clinical studies on humans are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Tendon injuries continue to be a highly topical issue. Research and clinical activities in this area aim to achieve an optimal repair of the damaged tendon. Such suture is characterised by maximum tensile strength, resistance to gapping at the repair site, preservation of smooth surface, prevention of adhesions and facilitation of fast rehabilitation and active tendon movement. The suture as such is required to show mechanical resistance in particular. Considered optimal is the use of core suture of the tendon in combination with epitendinous suture. The group of researchers has for several years already been exploring new materials. They can contribute to better balance between adequate mechanical strength of the suture and biological support of healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was carried out as an ex vivo experiment on porcine tendon models. A tendon segment was obtained from slaughtered animals and a total rupture of the tendon was imitated by sharp cutting of its central portion. Subsequently, the tendon was repaired by Adelaide suture using coated braided polyester (Ethibond) and two types of new polyamide 6 based (PA6) sutures. The first suture was designed as an unabsorbable polyester core (PES silk) surrounded by absorbable PA6 nanofibres. The second suture was created by braiding a PES silk yarn and two viscose yarns with PA6 nanofibres into a composite surgical suture. As a part of the study also examined was the tensile strength of suture with the use of other stitches, effect of the shape of the needle s point on the tensile strength of the suture and the effect of secured mattress peritendinous suture. The tensile strength of the suture was tested until failure and the achieved maximum load was monitored. RESULTS The PES core yarn with PA6 nanofibre braiding showed lower tensile strength (28.5 ± 5.2 N) than the yarn braided from one PES yarn and two viscose yarns with PA6 nanofibres (45.7 ± 6.7 N). Both newly developed sutures, however, fail to achieve the tensile strength of Ethibond (100.3 ± 19.1 N). In case of Ethibond suture using various types of stitches, the lowest tensile strength was observed in McLarney 4-strand core suture (68.8 ± 18.7 N). A higher tensile strength was achieved by Adelaide 4-strand core suture (83.6 ± 11.2 N). The highest tensile strength was seen in 6-strand core Savage suture (147.4 ± 22.7 N). When the effect of the type of needle was tested, a statistically significant difference between the taper point needle (72.0 ± 7.0 N) and reverse cutting needle (63.3 ± 9.6 N) was observed. In case of McLarney suture the epitendinous stitch increased the tensile strength by 46.2% and in case of Adelaide suture by 48.3%. CONCLUSIONS For tendon core suture, the use of sutures with multiple longitudinal segments seems more appropriate. The epitendinous suture can considerably reinforce the basic load-bearing core suture. Also observed was not an insignificant effect of the needle profile on the resulting tensile strength of the suture. In materials developed by us, more suitable seems to be the design of braiding of absorbable nanofibers with a load-bearing non-absorbable yarn. While the mechanical tensile strength of new materials is lower, the benefits are expected in the form of biological support of healing. Moreover, the nanofibers can be used as a carrier of biological and therapeutic substances. Further improvement of mechanical properties of the newly developed biomaterial can be foreseen if the material of the load-bearing non-absorbable yarn is changed or the load-bearing yarn and nanofibres ratio modified. This pilot study shall use the findings for further development and modification of new materials in basic research and shall also verify the biological aspects and the course of healing in in vivo studies. Key words: tendon, suture, pig, biomaterials, nanofibres, mechanical testing, healing, polyester, Adelaide.
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály * MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- šicí techniky MeSH
- šlachy * chirurgie MeSH
- sutura MeSH
- testování materiálů MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This study was conducted as an in vivo experiment in adult miniature pigs with the aim to test two new biomaterials. An iatrogenic defect was made into the central femoral diaphysis in the experimental animals and subsequently fixated by bridging plate osteosynthesis. Into the defect we implanted a cancellous autograft (control group), a pasty injectable scaffold (EXP A), and a porous 3D cylinder (EXP B). Radiological examination was performed in all animals at 0, 10, 20, 30 weeks after surgical procedure and histological assessment was performed. In the newly formed bone the osteoblastic activity was monitored. In terms of radiology, the most effective method was observed in the control group (completely healed 100%) compared to experimental groups EXP A (70.0%) and EXP B (62.5%). Histological assessment showed a higher cell count in the place of bone defect in the control group compared to experimental groups. Between the experimental groups, a higher count of bone marrow cells was found in group EXP B. Both newly developed biomaterials seem to be suitable as replacements for large bone defects, having good workability and applicability. However, compared to the control group treated with a cancellous autograft, the newly formed bone did not reach the same number of cells settling in and in some cases, full radiological healing was not reached. Nevertheless, the material was found to be grown into the original bone in all cases within the experimental groups. The new biomaterials have a great potential as a substitute in the treatment of large bone defects.
- MeSH
- autologní štěp chirurgie MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály * klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- fraktury femuru * diagnostické zobrazování terapie veterinární MeSH
- prasata chirurgie MeSH
- radiografie metody MeSH
- vnitřní fixace fraktury metody veterinární MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Molecular profiling of a tumor allows the opportunity to design specific therapies which are able to interact only with cancer cells characterized by the accumulation of several genomic aberrations. This study investigates the usefulness of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and mutation-specific analysis methods for the detection of target genes for current therapies in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), and melanoma patients. We focused our attention on EGFR, BRAF, KRAS, and BRAF genes for NSCLC, melanoma, and mCRC samples, respectively. Our study demonstrated that in about 2% of analyzed cases, the two techniques did not show the same or overlapping results. Two patients affected by mCRC resulted in wild-type (WT) for BRAF and two cases with NSCLC were WT for EGFR according to PGM analysis. In contrast, these samples were mutated for the evaluated genes using the therascreen test on Rotor-Gene Q. In conclusion, our experience suggests that it would be appropriate to confirm the WT status of the genes of interest with a more sensitive analysis method to avoid the presence of a small neoplastic clone and drive the clinician to correct patient monitoring.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic approach to skin defects resulting from split thickness grafting. Within the study, nanofiber-based dressings fabricated using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) were used, with different mass density. The study was performed in 1 female minipig. Nine defects (approx. 4x4 cm) were made in the superficial skin layer. The tested materials were applied to the squared skin defect and covered by a Jelonet paraffin gauze, sutured in the corners of the defects. The animal was monitored daily during the healing process (21 days). On day 5, 12, and 27, the healing of the wound was evaluated, and a biopsy was performed for further histologic testing. At the end of the study (on day 27 after the procedure), the animal was euthanized, and a standard pathologic evaluation was performed. We can conclude that the nanofiber scaffold which was well tolerated, could be used as a smart skin cover which could be functionalized with another bioactive substances directly on the surgeon table, among potential bioactive substances belong platelet derivatives, antibiotics, etc.
- MeSH
- hojení ran * MeSH
- miniaturní prasata MeSH
- nanovlákna terapeutické užití MeSH
- obvazy * MeSH
- polyestery MeSH
- polyvinylalkohol MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- MeSH
- mechanické testy metody MeSH
- poranění šlachy chirurgie veterinární MeSH
- prasata chirurgie MeSH
- sutura * normy veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- mechanické testy MeSH
- odběr tkání a orgánů MeSH
- pevnost v tahu * MeSH
- poranění šlachy * chirurgie MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- psi zranění MeSH
- šicí techniky * MeSH
- sutura * veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- psi zranění MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
