The following article aims to present partial outputs of the project TAČR (TL03000679) – Reduction of information deficit and development of the imagination of people with visual impairment through 3D models with auditory elements. The project is currently in the final part of its solution. This paper will not only present the project goals but mainly focus on the outputs and partial results achieved so far. The paper will focus not only on 3D printing but mainly on the outcomes aimed at developing the spatial imagination of people with severe visual impairment.
The following post aims to present partial results from the ongoing research, which is based on the initiative of the Abakus Foundation. The main objective of the project is to map good practice in the system of support for the independence of young adults with disabilities in the Czech Republic. Supporting the independence of people with disabilities is one of the important areas that contributes to improving the quality of life. This concerns both the disabled individual and the person caring for them. In this paper, we will offer a brief insight into the issue of independence and partial results of the research carried out.
The following post aims to introduce a project supported by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic, which dealt with the production and testing of audiotactile maps. These maps are used to help people with severe visual impairment explore space. The project focused on the 3D printing of map bases and their connection to tablets through conductive map parts. This resulted in aids that were not only based on touch but also on hearing. These aids continue to serve not only adults with visual impairments but also pupils with visual impairments and are intended to convey the space in a particular location and orientation within it.
Úvod: Radiofrekvenční (RF) ablace fibrilace síní (FiS) je v současné době jedním z nejčastěji prováděných elektrofyziologických výkonů. RF ablace FiS vyžaduje delší dobu procedury a velké množství dodávané ablační energie, což bývá pro pacienta bolestivé. Pro úspěšnost procedury i pro prevenci komplikací je důležité udržovat adekvátní úroveň analgosedace a minimalizovat bolest. Cíl: Porovnat subjektivní účinnost dvou farmakologických protokolů (paracetamol-nalbufin vs. diazepam-fentanyl) s použitím ekvianalgetických dávek fentanylu a nalbufinu jako intravenózních analgetik u pacientů podstupujících RF ablaci pro FiS, množství zaznamenaných komplikací při podávání těchto léků a zhodnotit spokojenost operatéra s jejich analgetickým účinkem. Metody a výsledky: Do studie bylo konsekutivně zařazeno celkem 100 pacientů, kteří byli v poměru 1:1 randomizováni na skupinu, jíž byl podán před RF ablací diazepam 5 mg i.v. + fentanyl (FEN, prům. věk 66,7 ± 8,1 let) a skupinu, jíž byl podán paracetamol 1000mg i.v. + nalbufin (NAL, prům. věk 64,6 ± 8,2 let). Průměrná dávka fentanylu byla 0,19 ± 0,06 mg a nalbufinu 22,7 ± 5,8 mg. Průměrná doba výkonu činila ve FEN skupině 100 ± 22 min a v NAL skupině 102 ± 26 min (p = 0,78). Počet RF aplikací a délka aplikace RF energie ve FEN a NAL skupině pak byly také porovnatelné (67 ± 23 vs. 64 ± 22, p = 0,46, resp. 1571 ± 552 s vs. 1775 ± 2036 s, p = 0,50). Průměr subjektivně vnímané bolesti ve skupinách FEN a NAL na vizuální analogové škále (VAS) činil ve FEN skupině 5,4 ± 2,5 a v NAL skupině 5,1 ± 2,2 (p = 0,59). Operatérem hodnocený analgetický účinek na škále od 1 do 5 byl také v obou skupinách podobný (1,7 ± 0,7 ve FEN vs. 1,8 ± 0,8 v NAL, p = 0,92). Ve FEN skupině byly vzácně zaznamenány vážnější nežádoucí účinky (hypotenze u 4% pacientů, útlum dechového centra u 2 % pacientů). Nejčastějším nežádoucím účinkem v NAL skupině bylo pocení (66 % pacientů). Závěr: Opiodní analgetika fentanyl i nalbufin se zdají být jak pro pacienty, tak i pro operatéra podobně účinnou a bezpečnou alternativou analgosedace během RF ablace FiS. Po podání kombinace paracetamol-nalbufin lze očekávat významně častější výskyt nadměrného pocení. Při použití analgosedační kombinace diazepam-fentanyl lze pak vzácněji očekávat výskyt závažnějších nežádoucích účinků jako těžká hypotenze nebo útlum dechového centra.
Introduction: Radiofrequency (RF) ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common electrophysiological procedure at present time. RF ablation of AF requires longer procedure times and a relatively high amount of RF energy delivered, which may cause significant pain to patients. Therefore, it is mandatory to maintain an adequate level of analgosedation to minimize pain for a successful accomplishment of the procedure. Goal: To compare the subjective efficacy of two pharmacologic protocols (paracetamol-nalbuphine vs. diazepam-fentanyl) using equianalgesic doses of fentanyl and nalbuphine as an IV analgesic regimen in patients undergoing RF ablation of AF, and to establish their safety as well as to assess the level of proceduralist satisfaction with analgesic effects of these drugs. Methods and Results: One hundred consecutive patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to a group which received diazepam 5 mg IV + fentanyl during ablation (FEN group, mean age 66.7 ± 8.1 years), and to a group receiving paracetamol 1,000 mg IV + nalbuphine (NAL group, mean age 64.6 ± 8.2 years). The mean doses of fentanyl and nalbuphine were 0.19 ± 0.06 mg and 22.7 ± 5.8 mg, respectively. The mean procedure time was 100 ± 22 mins and 102 ± 26 mins in the FEN and NAL groups, respectively (p = 0.78). The number of RF energy applications and RF energy application times were comparable between the groups (67 ± 23 vs. 64 ± 22, p = 0.46, and 1571 ± 552 s vs. 1775 ± 2036 s, p = 0.5, respectively). The mean pain scores in the FEN and NAL groups on the visual analogue scale (VAS) were 5.4 ± 2.5 and 5.1 ± 2.2, respectively (p = 0,59). Analgesic effect as assessed by the proceduralist using the modified Likert scale (1 to 5) was also similar between the groups (1.7 ± 0.7 in FEN vs. 1.8 ± 0.8 in NAL, p = 0.92). Adverse effects of fentanyl were hypotension (4 % of patients) and respiratory depression (2 % of patients), while the most common side effect of nalbuphine was excessive sweating (66 % of patients). Conclusion: Use of the opioid analgesics fentanyl and nalbuphine appears to be a safe and effective method of analgosedation during RF ablations of AF for both the patients and the proceduralists. The administration of paracetamol and nalbuphine was associated with a significant occurrence of excessive sweating. However, more severe complications, such as severe hypotension and respiratory depression, may rarely be expected when using the combination of benzodiazepine and fentanyl as part of the analgosedation regimen.
1. vydání 150 stran : ilustrace, tabulky ; 26 cm
Publikace se zaměřuje na tyflografiku; reliéfní, taktilní, grafiku, která pomáhá zrakově postiženým lidem. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.
Aim: The aim of the study was to find out fear of falling in elderly in health care facilities and social care facilities and compare differences in fear of falling according gender and history of falling. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Fear of falling was measured by Czech version of standardized questionnaire Fall Efficacy Scale – International (FES-I). Sample was consisted of 162 elderly in age over 65: 76 patients were hospitalized in hospital and 85 patients were in social care facilities. Chi-square test was used to compare fear of falling according gender and history of falling. Results: According the total FES-I score high fear of falling had 51 % elderly from social care facilities and 15 % of elderly hospitalized in health care facilities. The elderly were concerned about falling the most when doing the following activity: walking on an uneven surface, rocky ground (58 %), walking on a slippery surface (55 %), going up or down stairs (51 %). Fear of falling was statisticaly significant higher in elderly lived in social care facilities than in elderly hospitalized in health care facility. Fear of falling was higher in women (p = 0.011) and in elderly who experienced fall (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Fear of falling was higher in women and in elderly who experienced fall. Higher fear of falling was found in elderly in elderly lived in social care facilities than in hospitalized elderly.
OBJECTIVE: The authors researched the incidence of suicidal thoughts and related factors in 123 patients of the psychiatric ward of the Hospital of České Budějovice with diagnosed attempted suicide in their medical history for the period from January 2013 – June 2015. METHODS: The research was carried out in two stages. At the beginning of the hospitalization, quantitative data collection was implemented using a semi-structured questionnaire, followed by qualitative research conducted with semi-structured phone conversation, based on previous patient's written consent. The research data were statistically processed to obtain information about the character of relations among individual characteristics. To quantify them, the Bayesian Network (BN) was constructed, and to identify relations among individual characteristics, the Hill-Climbing algorithm was used. Before deriving the network, variables were discretized. The network parameters were set based on a data matrix using the maximal plausibility method. RESULTS: The results of analysed set show that the probability of suicidal thoughts is high, achieving a value of 0.750 (0.781 for women and 0.724 for men). If the patient visits a contact centre for drug-addicted persons, the probability of suicidal thoughts decreases to 0.683. If the patient visits a psychotherapist, the values of 0.736 are achieved. If a daily care centre is visited, the estimated risk rises to 0.832 and the probability of the patient repetitively attempting suicide is 0.606. If the interviewed person regularly consumes alcohol, the probable relapse amounts to 0.616. But if the person consumes alcohol from time to time, the probability rises to 0.701. In case of abstinence, the probable relapse decreases to 0.565. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of suicidal thoughts in observed patients was high, and the amount of risk was influenced by gender, by visiting follow-up care facilities, psychotherapy, and particularly by the frequency of alcohol consumption. Intermittent alcohol consumption is the highest-risk factor in connection with relapsing suicide. In case of psychiatric patients with attempted suicide in their medical history, all verified preventive and therapeutic procedures that can contribute to prevention of relapses should be used within follow-up professional care. Specific approach of the closest social environment, medical literacy of the population and state safety measures are important.
- MeSH
- anamnéza statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- pacienti hospitalizovaní psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- pokus o sebevraždu psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- prevence sebevražd MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- sebevražda psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- sebevražedné myšlenky * MeSH
- sekundární prevence metody MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
Monografie
1. vydání 177 stran : barevné ilustrace, tabulky ; 21 cm
Publikace se zabývá problematikou prostorové orientace a samostatného pohybu osob s těžkým zrakovým postižením, kdy se na tuto problematiku dívá komplexně. V první části publikace jsou zpracovány teoretické poznatky z oblasti klasifikace osob s těžkým zrakovým postižením, metodiky nácviku prostorové orientace u osob nevidomých a osob se zbytky zraku, na tyto pak navazují informace z oblasti rozvoje prostorové orientace a samostatného pohybu v jednotlivých věkových obdobích a pomůcky a prostředky, které je možno k samostatnému pohybu a prostorové orientaci využít. Takříkajíc teoretická část publikace je doplněna o výkladový slovníček pojmů z dané oblasti. Poslední část publikace představuje empirický vhled do zkoumané oblasti a zabývá se zpracováním dotazníkového šetření určeného pro samotné osoby s těžkým zrakovým postižením. Nakladatelská anotace
- Konspekt
- Senzorické a motorické funkce. Emoce. Vůle
- NLK Obory
- zdravotně postižení
- NLK Publikační typ
- kolektivní monografie
Monografie
1. vydání 128 stran : ilustrace (převážně barevné) ; 25 cm
- Konspekt
- Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
- NLK Obory
- oftalmologie
- pedagogika
- NLK Publikační typ
- kolektivní monografie
