- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Původně asijský rod Bergenia z čeledi Saxifragaceae zahrnuje 32 dosud popsaných druhů a mnoho hybridů, které vznikly jejich vzájemným křížením. Listy i oddenky bergénií jsou hojně využívány v lidovém léčitelství Číny, Indie, Mongolska a Ruska. Bergénie jsou bohaté na široké spektrum obsahových látek. Mezi nejvýznamnější sekundární metabolity patří třísloviny, arbutin, bergenin, ale také flavonoidy. Droga z listů a oddenků je ceněna pro své litolytické, antioxidační, protizánětlivé, antipyretické či antitusické vlastnosti.
Originally an Asian genus Bergenia from the family Saxifragaceae includes 32 species described so far and many hybrids that were created by crossing them. The leaves and rhizomes of bergenia used widely in folk medicine of China, India, Mongolia, and Russia are rich in a wide range of chemical constituents. The most important secondary metabolites of this plant are tannins, arbutin, bergenin, but also flavonoids. The drug from leaves and rhizomes is valued for its litholytic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, or antitussive properties.
- Klíčová slova
- bergénie,
- MeSH
- fytoterapie MeSH
- léčivé rostliny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- Saxifragaceae * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Carotenoids are the most abundant lipid-soluble phytochemicals and are used as dietary supplements to protect against diseases caused by oxidative stress. Astaxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid, is a very potent antioxidant with numerous beneficial effects on cellular functions and signaling pathways. In this study, using spleen cells from healthy Balb/c mice, we report the bio-functional effects of an astaxanthin-rich extract (EXT) prepared from the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis and its astaxanthin monoesters-rich fraction (ME) and astaxanthin diesters-rich fraction (DE) obtained by fractionation of EXT using countercurrent chromatography (CCC). After incubation under standard culture conditions (humidity, 37 °C, 5% CO2, atmospheric oxygen), the viability of untreated splenocytes, as determined by the trypan blue exclusion assay, the MTT assay, and the neutral red assay, decreases to approximately 75% after 24 h compared with naïve splenocytes. This effect correlated with the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and the transition of ~59% of cells to the early stage of apoptosis, as well as with the decreased ROS production, indicating that hyperoxia in cell-culture deteriorates cell functions. They are restored or stimulated by co-cultivation with EXT, ME, and DE up to 10 μg/mL in the order EXT > DE > ME, suggesting that esterification increases bioavailability to cells in vitro. ROS and H2O2 concentrations reflect mRNA transcriptional activity of Nrf2, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase 1, as well as SOD-mediated ROS conversion, whereas they inversely correlate with iNOS-mediated NO production. The highest-tested concentration of EXT, ME, and DE (40 μg/mL) is detrimental to cells, probably because of the overwhelming scavenging activity of astaxanthin and its esters for the reactive oxygen/nitrogen species required for cellular functions and signal transduction at low physiological concentrations. In this study, we demonstrate that differential activities of ME and DE contribute to the final antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of astaxanthin extract, which is beneficial in preventing a wide range of ROS-induced adverse effects, with DE being more effective. In addition, the selection of physioxia-like conditions for pharmacological research is highlighted.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Učební texty Univerzity Karlovy v Praze
4., nezměněné vydání 94 stran : ilustrace, tabulky ; 30 cm
Vysokoškolská učebnice obsahující praktická cvičení, která se zaměřují na farmakognozii.
- MeSH
- farmakognozie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Farmacie. Farmakologie
- Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
- NLK Obory
- farmacie a farmakologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
- praktická cvičení
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
