V roce 2022 bylo v České republice u 6996 osob (5551 žen a 1445 mužů) hlášeno celkem 7439 profesionálních onemocnění, z toho bylo 7383 nemocí z povolání a 56 ohrožení nemocí z povolání. Incidence profesionálních onemocnění představovala 157,6 případů na 100 tisíc nemocensky pojištěných zaměstnanců v civilním sektoru, vztaženo k prvnímu pololetí 2022. Nejvíce profesionálních onemocnění bylo hlášeno z Olomouckého kraje (1465, tj. 19,7 % případů) a z Moravskoslezského kraje (977, tj. 13,1 % případů). Nejčastěji onemocněli pracovníci v Sekci ekonomické činnosti Q „zdravotní a sociální péče“ (CZ-NACE Q86-89 celkem 6752, tj. 90,8 % případů). V kategorii nemocí z povolání byla nejčastěji zastoupena diagnóza COVID-19 (6748, tj. 91,4 % případů). Přitom 81,4 % onemocnění COVID-19 hlášených v tomto roce vzniklo již v roce 2020 a 2021. U ohrožení nemocí z povolání dominoval syndrom karpálního tunelu (45, tj. 80,4 % případů).

A total of 7,439 cases of occupation-related diseases in 6,996 persons (5,551 women and 1,445 men) were reported in the Czech Republic in 2022. Of those, 7,383 were occupational diseases and 56 cases were given the status of “endangerment by an occupational disease”. The incidence of occupational diseases was 157.6 cases per 100,000 health-insured employees in the public sector. Most of the occupational diseases occurred in the Olomouc region (1,465 cases, i.e. 19.7%) and Moravian- Silesian region (977 cases, i.e. 13.1%). Most of the recognized cases occurred in the economic sector Q “Health and Social Care” (CZ-NACE Q86-88 – a total of 6,752 cases, i.e. 90.8%). COVID-19 (6,748 cases, i.e. 91.4%) was the most frequently reported occupational disease. However, about 81.4% of COVID-19 cases reported this year already occurred in 2020 and 2021. The carpal tunnel syndrome predominated among the cases reported as “endangerment by an occupational disease” (45 cases, i.e. 80.4%).

• MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

V roce 2021 bylo v České republice u 5890 osob (4641 žen a 1249 mužů) hlášeno celkem 6043 profesionálních onemocnění, z toho bylo 5991 nemocí z povolání a 52 ohrožení nemocí z povolání. Incidence profesionálních onemocnění představovala 128,9 případů na 100 tisíc nemocensky pojištěných zaměstnanců v civilním sektoru, vztaženo k prvnímu pololetí 2021. Nejvíce profesionálních onemocnění bylo hlášeno z Moravskoslezského kraje (1216, tj. 20,1 % případů) a z Olomouckého kraje (1053, tj. 17,4 % případů). Nejčastěji onemocněli pracovníci v Sekci ekonomické činnosti Q „zdravotní a sociální péče“ (CZ-NACE Q86-89 celkem 5402, tj. 89,4 % případů). V kategorii nemocí z povolání byla nejčastěji zastoupena diagnóza COVID-19 (5369, tj. 89,6 % případů). Vzhledem k relativně dlouhé době latence mezi onemocněním a uznáním za nemoc z povolání pochází většina těchto případů z roku 2020, zatímco většina případů COVID-19 vzniklých v roce 2021 se objeví ve statistice až v roce 2022. U ohrožení nemocí z povolání dominoval syndrom karpálního tunelu (40, tj. 76,9 % případů).

A total of 6,043 cases of occupation-related diseases in 5,890 persons (4,641 women and 1,249 men) were reported in the Czech Republic in 2021. Of these, 5,991 were occupational diseases and 52 cases were given the status of “endangerment by an occupational disease”. The incidence of occupational diseases was 128.9 cases per 100,000 health-insured employees in the public sector. Most of the occupational diseases occurred in the Moravian-Silesian region (1,216 cases, i.e., 20.1%) and Olomouc region (1,053 cases, i.e., 17.4%). Most of the recognized cases occurred in the economic sector Q “Health and Social Care” (CZ-NACE Q86-88 – a total of 5,402 cases, i.e., 89.4%). COVID-19 (5,369 cases, i.e., 89.6%) was the most frequently reported occupational disease. Because of the long latency between the disease and the acknowledgment of an occupational disease, most of those cases occurred in 2020, while most cases of 2021 will appear in the statistics in 2022. The carpal tunnel syndrome predominated among the cases reported as “endangerment by an occupational disease” (40 cases, i.e., 76.9%).

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

OBJECTIVES: In the Czech Republic, asbestos has been classified as a known human carcinogen since 1984. The use of asbestos-containing products was limited to scenarios where the use of other materials was not possible. Since 1997, the manufacture of asbestos materials has been forbidden, and in 1999, the import, manufacture and distribution of all types of asbestos fibres was legally banned by Act No. 157/1998 Coll. Although the use of asbestos is forbidden, the risk of exposure still exists given the ongoing demolition and reconstruction of buildings in which asbestos has been used. In addition, a novel risk has arisen through the quarrying of asbestos-containing aggregates and their subsequent use. The aim of this paper was to describe and evaluate asbestos in terms of history, legislation, current risk of occupational exposure and its health consequences in the Czech Republic over the last three decades. METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study used the collected data on occupational exposure and occupational diseases. The counts of workers occupationally exposed to asbestos were obtained from the Registry of Work Categorization; the numbers and structure of occupational diseases caused by asbestos were taken from the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases. Data on the total number of mesothelioma cases recorded in the Czech National Cancer Registry was provided by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic. RESULTS: A total of 13,112 subjects were registered as occupationally exposed to asbestos during the period 2001-2020. A total of 687 cases of asbestos-related occupational diseases were reported in the period 1991-2020 in the Czech Republic, comprising 178 cases of asbestosis, 250 cases of pleural hyalinosis, 168 cases of pleural or peritoneal mesothelioma, 90 cases of lung cancer, and one case of laryngeal cancer. The data from the Czech National Cancer Registry, available for a shorter period (1991-2018), reveal 1,389 cases of mesothelioma, of which only ~11% were recognised as occupational, despite the fact that the occupational causality of mesotheliomas is estimated to be up to 90% of mesotheliomas. Moreover, the latency of mesotheliomas since the last occupational exposure reached up to 50 years and this trend is still slightly increasing, unlike asbestosis, where a high cumulative dose of inhaled asbestos is needed. The real proportion of occupational lung cancers may obviously be even higher, especially in smokers, where occupational causes including asbestos are not suspected by most physicians. CONCLUSION: Czech data on asbestos-related occupational diseases, especially cancers, are grossly underestimated, which is most apparent through the low proportion of mesotheliomas diagnosed as occupational. Asbestos materials in older buildings remained in situ and may represent a danger during reconstruction works. The current source of exposure appears to be quarrying of asbestos-containing aggregate and its subsequent use. Awareness of the professional community is therefore crucial, not only for the possibility of compensating those affected, but also for the early detection of the diseases through the dispensary of exposed persons.

• MeSH
• azbest * toxicita   MeSH
• azbestóza epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezoteliom epidemiologie   MeSH
• nádory plic epidemiologie   MeSH
• nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie   MeSH
• pracovní expozice * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: Neurofilament light chain is a promising biomarker of disease activity and treatment response in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). Its role in progressive MS is less clear. AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) and disease activity as defined by the concept NEDA-3 (No Evident Disease Activity), and brain volumetry, in a cohort of patients with the progressive disease form (PMS). METHODS: Levels of pNfL (SIMOA technology) were examined in 52 PMS patients and analysed in relationship to NEDA-3 status and annual brain volume loss (BVL) during the last 12 months. The statistical model was developed using logistic regression analysis, including demographic, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data as independent variables. Dependent variables were NEDA-3 status and BVL. RESULTS: The mean age of the study participants (n=52, 50% females) was 45.85 (SD, 9.82) and the median disability score was 5.0 (IQR: 5.0-5.5). ROC analysis showed that pNfL predicts NEDA-3 (the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 77.8% and 87.6%, respectively, P<0.001) and abnormal BVL (the sensitivity and specificity were 96.6% and 68.2%, respectively, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results show that pNfL levels are a useful biomarker of disease activity determined by NEDA-3 status, including brain MRI-volumetry, in patients with the progressive form of MS.

• MeSH
• atrofie MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• intermediární filamenta MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• mozek diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• nemoci centrálního nervového systému * MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování   farmakoterapie   patologie   MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• hlášení nemocí statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci z povolání epidemiologie   MeSH
• oznamovací povinnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Článek podává průběžný rozbor případů COVID-19 hlášených jako nemoc z povolání do Národního registru nemocí z povolání v roce 2020 a v 1. čtvrtletí roku 2021. Jedná se o 370 případů, z toho žen bylo 285 (= 77 %), mužů 85 (= 23 %). Věkový průměr byl 43 let, rozmezí 18-70 roků. Všechna tato onemocnění proběhla v roce 2020, většinou pochází z "první vlny" epidemie. Protože průměrná doba mezi onemocněním a hlášením případu do registru byla 170 dní, lze očekávat, že mnoho případů je dosud ve fázi posuzování. Nejvíce případů pochází z Moravskoslezského, Olomouckého a Královéhradeckého kraje. Prakticky všechny tyto hlášené nemoci z povolání vznikly při různých zdravotnických či sociálních pracovních činnostech. Nejčastěji se jednalo o zdravotní sestry, lékaře, ošetřovatele a jiné zdravotnické profese. Jde o špičku ledovce. Podle ČLK onemocnělo COVID-19 od začátku epidémie k datu 10. 1. 2021 přes 55 000 zdravotníků. Je proto nutné, aby všichni lékaři prvního kontaktu na možnost profesionality COVID-19 mysleli a dostatečně informovali své pacienty a odesílali je na příslušná střediska nemocí z povolání. Ošetřující lékaři by také měli iniciovat odškodnění rodin pracovníků zemřelých na COVID-19.

The article provides an interim analysis of cases of COVID-19 reported as an occupational disease to the National Registry of Occupational Diseases in 2020 and in the 1st quarter of 2021. There were 370 cases, of which 285 are women representing 77% and 85 men representing 23%. The age range was from 18 to 70 years. The average age was 43 years. All the diseases occurred in 2020, mostly in the first wave of the epidemic. Because the average time between illness and the case reporting was 170 days, it can be expected that many cases are still under assessment. Most cases come from the Moravian-Silesian, Olomouc and Hradec Králové regions. Virtually all of these patients were infected during various health care or social work activities. They were mostly nurses, physicians, and other healthcare professionals. It is just tip of the iceberg. According to the Czech Medical Chamber, over 55 000 health professionals have contracted COVID-19 since the beginning of the epidemic until January 10, 2021. It is therefore essential that the first contact physicians thought about the possibility of the occupational origin of COVID-19, sufficiently informed their patients and referred them to the relevant occupational disease centers. Physicians should also initiate compensation for the families of workers who died of COVID-19.

• Klíčová slova
• Národní registr nemocí z povolání,
• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci z povolání MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

INTRODUCTION: There is a need for blood biomarkers of disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) and disease activity as defined by the concept three-domain no evident disease activity (NEDA-3). METHODS: Levels of pNfL (SIMOA) were examined in 159 MS patients and analyzed in relationship to NEDA-3 status (absence of relapse, disability score worsening, and brain magnetic resonance activity) during the last 12 months. The accuracy of the proposed model was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. From the pNfL cutoff, we evaluated the NEDA-NfL status (no relapse, no Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] worsening, and pNfL below the cutoff value). RESULTS: Levels of pNfL were significantly higher in MS patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.001). From a total of 159 patients, 80 (50.3%) achieved NEDA-3 status, while 79 (49.7%) patients showed evident disease activity (EDA) status. pNfL were significantly lower in the NEDA-3 group than in the EDA group (pNfL mean 7.06 pg/mL [standard deviation (SD) 2.37] vs. pNfL mean 13.04 pg/mL [SD 7.07]) (p < 0.001). ROC analysis showed that pNfL predicts NEDA-3 status (sensitivity and specificity were 80.5 and 72.7%, respectively, p < 0.001), and NEDA-NfL predicts NEDA-3 status (sensitivity and specificity were 97.1 and 82.9%, respectively, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The results show that pNfL levels are a useful biomarker of disease activity determined by NEDA status in patients with MS and could be an alternative to brain magnetic resonance investigation.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• intermediární filamenta MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• mozek MeSH
• relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza * MeSH
• ROC křivka MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: The research is focused on sensitive biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) and disease activity as defined by the concept NEDA (no evident disease activity), including brain volumetry, in a cohort of MS patients treated with disease-modifying treatment (DMT). METHODS: Levels of pNfL (Single Molecule Array (SIMOA) technology) were examined in 95 RRMS (relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) patients and analyzed in relationship to NEDA-3 status and NEDA-BVL (brain volume loss; NEDA-3 extended by brain volumetry) during the last 12 months. The statistical model was developed using logistic regression analysis, including the independent variables: demographic, clinical, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Dependent variables were NEDA-3 and NEDA-BVL status. RESULTS: The mean age of the study participants (n = 95, 62% females) was 37.85 years (standard deviation (SD) = 9.62) and the median disability score was 3.5 (2.5-4.1). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis showed that pNfL predicts NEDA-3 (the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 92% and 78%, respectively, p < 0.001) and NEDA-BVL status (the sensitivity and specificity were 80% and 65%, respectively, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The results show that pNfL levels are a useful biomarker of disease activity determined by NEDA-BVL status, including brain MRI-volumetry in patients with RRMS.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• intermediární filamenta MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• mozek diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The ischemia and reperfusion of a jejunal graft during transplantation triggers the stress of endoplasmic reticulum thus inducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Spreading of these signals stimulate immunological reactions in distal tissues, i.e. lung, liver and spleen. The aim of this study was to detect the molecular changes in liver and spleen induced by transplanted jejunal graft with one or six hours of reperfusion (group Tx1 and Tx6). Analysis of gene expression changes of inflammatory mediators (TNF-alpha, IL-10) and specific chaperones (Gadd153, Grp78) derived from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was done and compared to control group. The qRT-PCR method was used for amplification of the specific genes. The levels of corresponding proteins were detected by Western blot with immunodetection. Protein TNF-alpha was in liver tissue significantly overexpressed in the experimental group Tx1 by 48 % (p<0.001). In the group Tx6 we found decreased levels of the same protein to the level of controls. However, the protein concentrations of TNF-alpha in spleen showed increased levels in group Tx1 by 31 % (p<0.001) but even higher levels in the group Tx6 by 115 % (p<0.001) in comparing to controls. Our data demonstrated that the spleen is more sensitive to post-transplantation inflammation than liver, with consequent stress of ER potentially inducing apoptosis and failure of basic functions of lymphoid tissue.

• MeSH
• játra metabolismus   MeSH
• jejunum metabolismus   transplantace   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mediátory zánětu metabolismus   MeSH
• mikrochirurgie trendy   MeSH
• náhodné rozdělení MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• slezina metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH