BACKGROUND: Patients with Sjögren's syndrome, like other patients with autoimmune disorders, display dysregulation in the function of their immune system. Fas and Fas Ligand (FasL) are among the dysregulated proteins. METHODS: We studied Fas and FasL on IL-2Rα+ cells and in serum of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (n = 16) and healthy individuals (n = 16); both from same ethnic and geographical background. We used flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent for this purpose. We also measured the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and percentage of apoptotic and dead cells using Annexin V and 7-AAD staining in lymphocytes. RESULTS: FasL was increased in patients' T and B cells while Fas was increased in patients' monocytes, T and B cells. No signs of increased apoptosis were found. sFas and sFasL in patients' serum were increased, although the increase in sFasL was not significant. We suspect an effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory therapy on B cells, explaining the decrease of the percentage Fas+ B cells found within our samples. In healthy individuals, there was a noticeable pattern in the expression of FasL which mutually correlated to populations of mononuclear cells; this correlation was absent in the patients with Sjögren's syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Mononuclear cells expressing IL-2Rα+ had upregulated Fas in Sjögren's syndrome. However, the rate of apoptosis based on Annexin V staining and the Bcl-2/Bax expression was not observed in mononuclear cells. We suspect a functional role of abnormal levels of Fas and FasL which has not been cleared yet.
- Klíčová slova
- ISAC test,
- MeSH
- alergeny imunologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- atopická dermatitida * diagnóza imunologie MeSH
- časná přecitlivělost MeSH
- imunizace metody MeSH
- imunoglobulin E krev MeSH
- imunologické testy MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
(1) Background: Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic structure with a wide range of uses, including for biomedical applications. However, knowledge of its hazards is still limited. This work brings new cytotoxic, cytostatic, genotoxic and immunotoxic data concerning the in vitro exposure of human cell line to two types of graphene platelets (GP). It also contributes to the formation of general conclusions about the health risks of GP exposure. (2) Methods: In vitro exposure of a THP-1 cell line to three concentrations of two GP over 40 h. The cytotoxic potential was assessed by the measurement of LDH and glutathione (ROS) and by a trypan blue exclusion assay (TBEA); the cytostatic and genotoxic potential were assessed by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) test; and the immunotoxic potential was assessed by the measurement of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α. (3) Results: We found a significant dose-dependent increase in DNA damage (CBMN). The lowest observed genotoxic effect levels (LOGEL) were 5 µg/mL (GP1) and 30 µg/mL (GP2). We found no significant leaking of LDH from cells, increase in dead cells (TBEA), induction of ROS, increased levels of cytostasis, or changes in IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α levels. (4) Conclusions: The genotoxicity increased during the short-term in vitro exposure of THP-1 to two GP. No increase in cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, or cytostasis was observed.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Progress in laboratory diagnostics of IgE-mediated allergy is the use of component-resolved diagnosis. Our study analyses the results of specific IgE to 295 allergen reagents (117 allergenic extracts and 178 molecular components) in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis (AD) with the use of ALEX2 Allergy Explorer. METHOD: The complete dermatological and allergological examination, including the examination of the sensitization to molecular components with ALEX2 Allergy Explorer testing, was performed. The statistical analysis of results was performed with these methods: TURF (total unduplicated reach and frequency), best reach and frequency by group size, two-sided tests, Fisher's exact test, and chi-square test (at an expected minimum frequency of at least 5). RESULTS: Altogether, 100 atopic dermatitis patients were examined: 48 men, 52 women, the average age 40.9 years, min. age 14 years, max. age 67 years. The high and very high level of specific IgE was reached in 75.0% of patients to 18 molecular components: from PR-10 proteins (Aln g 1, Bet v 1, Cor a1.0103, Cor a1.0401, Fag s 1), lipocalin (Can f 1), NPC2 family (Der f 2, Der p 2), uteroglobin (Fel d 1), from Alternaria alternata (Alt a 1), Beta expansin (Lol p 1, Phl p 1), molecular components from Timothy, cultivated rye (Secc pollen) and peritrophin-like protein domain Der p 23. The high and very high level of specific IgE to other lipocalins (Fel d 7, Can f 4), to arginine kinase (Bla g 9, German cockroach), and to allergen extracts Art v (mugwort), and Cyn d (Bermuda grass) reached 52.0% of patients. The severity of AD is in significant relation to the sensitization to molecular components of storage mites (Gly d 2, Lep d 2-NPC2 family), lipocalins (Can f 1, Can f 2, Can f 4, and Can f 6), arginine kinase (Asp f 6, Bla g 9, Der p 20, Pen m 2), uteroglobin (Fel d 1, Ory c 3), Mn superoxide dismutase (Mala s 11), PR-10 proteins (Fag s 1, Mal d 1, Cor a 1.0401, Cor a 1.0103), molecular components of the peritrophin-like domain (Der p 21, Der p 23), and to Secc pollen. In the subgroup of patients suffering from bronchial asthma, the significant role play molecular components from house dust mites and storage mites (Lep d 2, Der p 2, Der f 2-NPC2 family), cysteine protease (Der p 1), peritrophin-like protein domain (Der p 21, Der p 23), enolase from Alternaria alternata (Alt a 6), and Beta expansin Phl p 1. CONCLUSION: The results of our study demonstrate the detailed profile of sensitization to allergens reagents (allergen extract and molecular components) in patients with atopic dermatitis. We show the significance of disturbed epidermal barrier, resulting in increased penetration of allergens. We confirmed the significant relationship between the severity of AD, the occurrence of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis, and high levels of specific IgE to allergen reagents. Our results may be important for regime measures and immunotherapy; Der p 23 shall be considered as an essential component for the diagnosis and specific immunotherapy of house dust mite allergy.
- MeSH
- alergeny MeSH
- alergická rýma diagnóza imunologie MeSH
- atopická dermatitida diagnóza imunologie MeSH
- bronchiální astma diagnóza imunologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- imunoglobulin E analýza metabolismus MeSH
- kožní testy metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- pyl imunologie MeSH
- Pyroglyphidae imunologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Stanovení specifických IgE protilátek je nedílnou součástí diagnostiky alergických onemocnění. Běžně se používají extrakty z přirozených alergenních zdrojů, které obsahují celý komplex alergenních i nealergenních složek. Použití molekulárně definovaných alergenů je dalším krokem ke zpřesnění diagnózy, určení příčinných alergenů pro alergenovou imunoterapii a predikci závažných reakcí. S určitými výhradami lze také odlišit reakci na druhově specifické alergeny od zkříženě reagujících. Význam analýzy specifických IgE protilátek je možno demonstrovat na příkladech nejvýznamnějších potravinových alergenů, jako jsou sója, kravské mléko, vejce, ořechy, ryby, korýši a měkkýši a bílkoviny pšenice. Hladinu specifických IgE protilátek je možno určit proti jednotlivým molekulárně definovaným alergenům nebo lze použít multiplexní techniku umožňující získat komplexní obraz o senzibilizaci daného pacienta. Zatímco se tyto metody využívají v diagnostice respiračních forem alergického zánětu, anafylaxe a u potravinových alergií, u pacientů s atopickou dermatitidou se běžně multiplexová vyšetření molekulárních alergenů neprovádějí. Cílem článku je informovat o možnostech laboratorní diagnostiky molekulárních alergenů u pacientů s atopickou dermatitidou.
The determination of specific IgE antibodies is an integral part of the diagnostics of allergic diseases. Extracts from natural allergenic sources that contain a whole complex of both allergenic and non-allergenic components are commonly used. The use of molecularly defined allergens is a next step in making the diagnosis more accurate, identifying causative allergens for allergen immunotherapy, and predicting severe reactions. Even the response to species-specific allergens or cross-reactive allergens can be distinguished with certain reservations. The importance of specific IgE antibody analysis can be demonstrated on the most important food allergens, such as soy, cow milk, eggs, nuts, fish, crustaceans, molluscs and wheat. The level of specific IgE antibodies can be determined against individual molecular allergens or a multiplex technique can be used to obtain a comprehensive picture of the patient's sensitization. Whereas these methods are used in the diagnostics of respiratory forms of allergic inflammation, anaphylaxis and food allergies, multiplex assays are not commonly used in the diagnostics of atopic dermatitis yet. The aim of the article is to inform about possibilities of laboratory diagnostics of molecular allergens in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis.
- Klíčová slova
- ISAC test, ALEX test,
- MeSH
- alergeny imunologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- atopická dermatitida * etiologie imunologie patologie MeSH
- imunoglobulin E krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární patologie * metody MeSH
- potravinová alergie * diagnóza etiologie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. The progression from AD to bronchial asthma (AB) and allergic rhinitis (AR) is called atopic march. The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in the sensitization to molecular components in patients suffering from AD in relation to subgroups of patients with AR and AB. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The complete dermatological and allergological examinations were performed. Specific IgE antibodies against 112 molecular components were measured with the multiplex ImmnoCAP ISAC test. RESULTS: Altogether 104 atopic dermatitis patients (50 men, 54 women) at the average age 40.1 years were examined. The sensitization to molecular components was confirmed in 93.3% of patients. The sensitization to components of mites, grasses, trees, animals, moulds, and shrimps was significantly more frequent in patients with severe form of AD and the sensitization to components of grasses, trees, and moulds was significantly higher in subgroup of patients with AB. In subgroup of patients suffering from AR the higher occurrence of pollen-derived and pollen-food derived PR-10 proteins, grasses, mites, and animals was observed also. CONCLUSIONS: We have confirmed the significant differences in the sensitization to molecular components in patients suffering from severe form of AD, and in subgroups of patients suffering from AB and AR. These molecular components may play the important role in the consecutive development of different allergy pathologies called atopic march.
- MeSH
- alergeny imunologie MeSH
- alergická rýma imunologie MeSH
- atopická dermatitida imunologie MeSH
- bronchiální astma imunologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- imunoglobulin E imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Background: Seafood allergy is among one of the common food allergies. Decrease in consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), prevalent especially in oily fish, has been proposed to contribute to the increased prevalence of allergic diseases. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate, in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients, the relation between the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reaction (FHR) to seafish and the occurrence of other atopic diseases and parameters. Methods: Complete dermatological and allergological examination was performed in patients included in the study; 332 patients were examined, with the average age 26.8 years (SD 9.2 years). Results: The FHR to seafish was confirmed in 11% of patients. Patients suffering from FHR to seafish suffered significantly more from sensitization to fungi (in 46%), from reactions to celery (in 34%), and from persistent eczematic lesions (in 82%). Conclusion: FHRs to seafish in AD patients are associated with persistent eczematic lesions and with the higher occurrence of sensitization to fungi and reactions to celery. The occurrence of bronchial asthma, rhinitis, positive family history, and onset of AD under 5 years of age is higher in patients with reactions to seafish, but the difference is not statistically significant.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cílem práce bylo zhodnocení přínosu vyšetřování specifických IgE protilátek proti molekulárně definovaným alergenům u pacientů s atopickou dermatitidou (AD) pomocí multiplexové metody ISAC a posouzení, zda se senzibilizační profily liší u mírné, středně těžké a těžké formy AD. Do studie bylo zahrnuto celkem 81 pacientů (41 mužů a 40 žen), u kterých bylo provedeno kompletní dermatologické a alergologické vyšetření včetně určení profilu senzibilizace na molekulární komponenty metodou ImmunoCAP ISAC. Výsledky vyšetření byly statisticky zpracovány. Významně vyšší počet pozitivních reakcí s vysokou hladinou specifického IgE (≥ 15 ISU–E) byl prokázán u pacientů se středně těžkou a těžkou formou AD. U většiny molekulárních komponent byla zaznamenána zvyšující se relativní frekvence pozitivních reakcí od mírné po těžkou formu AD. U pacientů s těžkou formou se významně častěji vyskytovala senzibilizace na molekulární komponenty roztoče domácího prachu, zvířat (kočky, psa, koně), vaječného bílku, krevety a plísní (Aspergillus, Alternaria). V tomto směru doporučujeme zaměřit vyšetření, léčbu a režimová opatření.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the benefit of testing specific IgE antibodies against molecularly defined allergens in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) using the multiplex method ISAC and to assess whether the sensitization profiles differ in mild, moderate and severe forms of AD. A total of 81 patients (41 men and 40 women) were included in the study, who underwent a complete dermatological and allergological examination, including the determination of the sensitization profile to molecular components by the ImmunoCAP ISAC method. The results of the examination were statistically processed. A significantly higher number of positive reactions with high levels of specific IgE (≥ 15 ISU – E) was demonstrated in patients with moderate to severe AD. For most molecular components, increasing relative frequencies of positive reactions from mild to severe have been reported. In patients with severe form, sensitization to the molecular components of house dust mites, animals (cats, dogs, horses), egg white, shrimp and fungi (Aspergillus, Alternaria) was significantly more common. In this regard, we recommend focusing examinations, treatment, and regimen measures.
- Klíčová slova
- ISAC test, SCORAD index,
- MeSH
- alergeny imunologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- atopická dermatitida * diagnóza imunologie MeSH
- časná přecitlivělost MeSH
- imunoglobulin E krev MeSH
- imunologické testy MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární patologie * MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakty MeSH
