Pochopení vztahu mezi senzomotorickými proměnnými a exerkiny, které ovlivňují funkci mozku a kognici, nám umožňuje hlouběji porozumět biologickému procesu stárnutí. Hlavním cílem této studie bylo zjistit, jak silně jsou mozkový neurotrofický faktor (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF), irisin, svalová hmota a svalová síla asociovány s výsledky testů vybraných kognitivních funkcí u starších žen a jak dobře je predikují. Padesát sedm starších žen (průměrný věk 70,4 ± 4,1 roku) absolvovalo baterii neuropsychologických testů, měření izometrické dynamometrie a bioelektrické impedance. Hladiny v krevním séru sledovaných exerkinů byly stanoveny enzymatickým imunosorbentním testem (ELISA). Pro testování predikcí byly využity hierarchické vícenásobné regresní modely. Odhadli jsme, že rozptyl 46,1 % v krátkodobé paměti byl zapříčiněn hladinami BDNF v séru, přičemž druhým statisticky významným prediktorem byl věk (beta = –0,22; p = 0,030). Síla dolních končetin (lower limb strength, LLS) prokázala významnou prediktivní sílu jak u paměti – bezprostřední vybavení (beta = 0,39; p = 0,004), tak u paměti – oddálené vybavení (beta = 0,45; p = 0,001). Hladiny BDNF v séru byly významným prediktorem u oddáleného vybavení (beta = 0,29; p = 0,048). Přidání hladin BDNF do modelu prokázalo významné zvýšení jeho prediktivní síly o přibližně 5,6 % (p = 0,048) u paměti – oddálené vybavení. Index kosterní svalové hmoty (skeletal muscle index, SMI) a úroveň vzdělání byly významnými prediktory mentální flexibility. Byla zjištěna silná pozitivní asociace mezi hladinami BDNF, irisinem, svalovou silou a kognitivní funkcí, přičemž irisin a svalová síla jsou silnými prediktory hladin BDNF u starších žen. Studie byla realizována s podporou grantu Univerzity Karlovy – PRIMUS/19/HUM/012, Specifického vysokoškolského výzkumu SVV 260599, projektu COOPERATIO a Grantové agentury UK číslo grantu 268321. Korespondenční adresa: PhDr. Veronika Holá Katedra gymnastiky a úpolových sportů FTVS UK José Martího 269/31 162 52 Praha 6-Veleslavín e-mail: veronika.hola@ftvs.cuni.cz
Understanding the relationship between sensorimotor variables and exerkines related to brain function and cognition may help better understand biological ageing. The main aim of this study was to determine how strongly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), irisin, muscle mass and muscle strength are associated and predict scores on selected cognitive domain tests in older women. Fifty seven older women (mean age 70.4 ± 4.1 years) underwent a battery of cognitive and psychological tests and measurements of isometric dynamometry and bioelectrical impedance. Serum exerkines levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hierarchical multiple regression models were used to test the predictions. We estimated that 46.1% of the variance in short-term memory was accounted for by serum BDNF levels, with age being the second statistically significant predictor (Beta = -0.22; p = 0.030). Lower limb strength (LLS) showed significant predictive power in both immediate (Beta = 0.39; p = 0.004) and delayed memory (Beta = 0.45; p = 0.001), serum BDNF levels were a significant predictor in delayed memory (Beta = 0.29; p = 0.048). Adding serum BDNF levels to the model showed a significant increase in predictive power of approximately 5.6% (p = 0.048) in delayed memory. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) and education level were significant predictors of mental flexibility. A strong positive association between BDNF levels, irisin, muscle strength, and cognitive function was found, with irisin and muscle strength being strong predictors of BDNF levels in older women.
- Klíčová slova
- irisin,
- MeSH
- fibronektinová doména typu III fyziologie MeSH
- kognice fyziologie MeSH
- kognitivní stárnutí * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozkový neurotrofický faktor krev MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- paměť fyziologie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- regresní analýza MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- svalová atrofie etiologie MeSH
- svalová síla fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Maintaining healthy brain function during ageing is of great importance, especially for the self-sufficiency of older adults. The main aim of this study was to determine the effects of dance and martial arts on exerkines Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and irisin blood serum levels. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of dance and martial arts on serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and irisin levels, as well as cognitive function, mood, and physical measures in older adults. Seventy-seven independently living older adults (mean age 70.3±3.8 years) were randomized into three groups: dance (DG), martial arts (MaG), and control (CG), followed over 12 weeks. Generalized linear models were used to assess the interventions' effects. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in BDNF levels in both the DG (1.8 ± 4.9, p < 0.05) and MaG (3.5 ± 6.3, p < 0.05), while CG experienced a decrease (-4.9 ± 8.2, p < 0.05). Between-group effects were significant for BDNF, with DG and MaG showing higher levels than CG (p < 0.05). No significant changes in irisin levels were found. Cognitive performance, particularly attention and mental flexibility (measured by the Trail Making Test A and B), significantly improved in the DG compared to CG (p < 0.05). Additionally, participants in DG showed improved mood based on the Geriatric Depression Scale (p < 0.05) compared to CG. Anthropometric T-scores were significantly associated with changes in irisin levels (p < 0.05) after intervention. CONCLUSION: The study found that dance and martial arts upregulated BDNF levels, with dance showing notable improvements in cognitive function and mood in older adults. Changes in anthropometric measures were linked to increased irisin levels. These findings suggest that both dance and martial arts may promote healthy brain function in aging populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05363228.
- MeSH
- afekt MeSH
- bojové sporty * fyziologie MeSH
- fibronektiny * krev MeSH
- kognice * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozkový neurotrofický faktor * krev MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tanec * fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
BackgroundCOVID-19 remains a major infectious disease with substantial implications for individual and public health including the risk of a post-infection syndrome, long COVID. The continuous changes in dominant variants of SARS-CoV-2 necessitate a careful study of the effect of preventative strategies.AimWe aimed to estimate the effectiveness of post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases requiring oxygen support caused by infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants BA1/2 and BA4/5+, and against long COVID in the infected population and their changes over time.MethodsWe used a Cox regression analysis with time-varying covariates and calendar time and logistic regression applied to national-level data from Czechia from December 2021 until August 2023.ResultsRecently boosted vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity provide significant protection against a severe course of COVID-19, while unboosted vaccination more than 10 months ago has a negligible protective effect. The post-vaccination immunity against the BA1/2 or BA4/5+ variants, especially based on the original vaccine types, appears to wane rapidly compared with post-infection and hybrid immunity. Once infected, however, previous immunity plays only a small protective role against long COVID.ConclusionVaccination remains an effective preventative measure against a severe course of COVID-19 but its effectiveness wanes over time thus highlighting the importance of booster doses. Once infected, vaccines may have a small protective effect against the development of long COVID.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * imunologie prevence a kontrola epidemiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- postakutní syndrom COVID-19 MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 * imunologie MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- vakcíny proti COVID-19 * imunologie aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
OBJECTIVES: This study presents results of our randomized clinical trial studying the effect of human probiotics on memory and psychological and physical measures following our study protocol registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT05051501 and described in detail in our previous paper. METHODS: Community dwelling participants aged between 55 and 80 years were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of 106 colony-forming units of human Streptococcus thermophilus GH, Streptococcus salivarius GH NEXARS, Lactobacilus plantarum GH, and Pediococcus pentosaceus GH or placebo. A cross-over design allowed each group to receive probiotics and placebo for 3 months each in reverse order. A small subset of participants was examined online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. After 6 months a small number of volunteers were additionally assessed after 2 months without any intervention. Primary outcome measures included changes in cognitive functions assessed using brief tests and a neuropsychological battery and changes in mood assessed using validated questionnaires. Secondary outcome measures included changes in self-report and subjective measures using depression and anxiety questionnaires, seven visual analog scales of subjective feelings (memory, digestion, etc.), and physical performance. RESULTS: At baseline, the probiotic-placebo group A (n = 40, age 69 ± 7 years, education 16 ± 3 years, 63% females, body mass index 28.5 ± 6, subjective memory complaint in 43%) did not differ from the placebo-probiotic group B (n = 32) in any of the sociodemographic characteristics and evaluated measures including cognitive status. At follow-up visits after 3, 6, and 8 months, no cross-sectional differences in any of the measures were found between the groups except worse sentence recall of the ALBA test after 3 months of probiotic use. Score changes were not observed for all cognitive tests but one in any group between visits 1 and 3 and between visits 3 and 6. The only change was observed for the TMT B test after the first three months but no change was observed after the second three months. CONCLUSION: The treatment with human probiotics and prebiotics did not improve cognitive, affective, or physical measures in community-dwelling individuals with normal or mildly impaired cognitive functions. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT05051501.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota may influence brain functions. Therefore, we prepared a study protocol for a double-blind, crossover, randomized clinical trial to determine the complex effects of human probiotics on memory, psychological, and biological measures in the elderly. METHODS: We selected eligible participants using an effective electronic questionnaire containing the inclusion and exclusion criteria and a brief electronic cognitive test. One-third of the respondents with the worst cognitive scores on the electronic test are randomized to group A, starting with a 3-month probiotic intervention, and to group B, starting with a placebo. In a crossover design, both groups change their intervention/placebo status after 3 months for the next 3 months. Participants refusing longer personal assessments due to the COVID-19 pandemic were randomly allocated to one of two subgroups assessed online. Participants in both groups are matched in age, education, gender, and cognitive scores on electronic testing at baseline. At three time points, participants are assessed using a neuropsychological battery, self-report measures of mood, a physical fitness test, blood, urine, and stool samples, and actigraphy. A subset of participants also provided their biological samples and underwent the neuropsychological battery in an extended testing phase 3 months after study termination to find out the long-term effect of the intervention. DISCUSSION: This is the first trial to address the comprehensive effects of human probiotics on memory and many other measures in the elderly. We assume that the probiotic group will have better outcomes than the placebo group after the first and second trimesters. We expect that the probiotic effect will persist for the next 3 months. These study's findings will contribute to an interesting area of how to improve memory, psychological and biological and other factors naturally and will examine the importance of probiotics for overall health in the elderly. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: [clinicaltrials.gov], identifier [NCT05051501].
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- adherence pacienta MeSH
- COVID-19 * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
