irisin Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
V roce 2012 byl v odborné literatuře představen myokin irisin. Lidský irisin svou strukturou zcela odpovídá irisinu myšímu. U myší irisin indukuje formaci hnědých adipocytů ovlivňujících energetický metabolismus zvýšením termogeneze. Irisin se proto dostal do popředí zájmu vědců jako látka, která by zvýšením produkce tepla mohla pomáhat při redukčním režimu obézních jedinců. Článek shrnuje dosavadní poznatky o irisinu a kriticky hodnotí možnost jeho využití pro medicínské účely.
Irisine was introduced in scientific literature in 2012 as an exercise-induced myokine. In humans, its structure is identical to the murine homologue. In mice, irisin induces the formation of brown adipocytes which affect energy metabolism by increasing thermogenesis. That is why irisin became perspective as a substance that, by increasing heat production, could help in obesity treatment. This article summarizes current knowledge about irisin and critically evaluates the possibility of its use in human medicine.
- Klíčová slova
- UCP1,
- MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- energetický metabolismus MeSH
- fibronektiny * genetika krev metabolismus MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- hnědá tuková tkáň * metabolismus MeSH
- kodon iniciační genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita * farmakoterapie MeSH
- termogeneze MeSH
- transportní proteiny mitochondriální membrány fyziologie MeSH
- tukové buňky metabolismus MeSH
- uncoupling protein 1 MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- myokiny, irisin,
- MeSH
- energetický metabolismus fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- fibronektiny * izolace a purifikace terapeutické užití účinky léků MeSH
- hnědé tukové buňky metabolismus MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- kosterní svaly účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metaanalýza jako téma MeSH
- pohybová aktivita fyziologie imunologie účinky léků MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- svaly * účinky léků MeSH
- tukové buňky metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- irisin,
- MeSH
- bazální metabolismus MeSH
- kodon iniciační metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- membránové proteiny metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- modely u zvířat MeSH
- myši MeSH
- obezita * metabolismus terapie MeSH
- termogeneze MeSH
- transportní proteiny metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- tukové buňky metabolismus MeSH
- uncoupling protein 1 metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Physical exercise may activate a number of important biochemical processes in the human body. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify the long-term effect of physical activity on irisin blood levels. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles addressing the long-term effect of physical exercise on irisin blood levels. Fifty-nine articles were included in the final qualitative and quantitative syntheses. A statistically significant within-group effect of exercise on irisin blood levels was in 33 studies; out of them, the irisin level increased 23× and decreased 10×. The significant positive between-groups effect was found 11×. Furthermore, the meta-analysis indicated that physical exercise had a significant positive effect on irisin blood levels (SMD = 0.39 (95% CI 0.27-0.52)). Nevertheless, considerably high heterogeneity was found in all the analyses. This systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that physical exercise might increase irisin blood levels; however, the results of individual studies were considerably inconsistent, which questions the methodological detection of irisin by ELISA kits.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Irisin, an adipomyokine identified in 2012, has been investigated in association with common pregnancy complications, including gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. The objective of this study is to examine the potential role of irisin in preterm birth (PTB) by comparing its level between mothers with term and preterm labor. Maternal peripheral blood and cord blood samples were collected from 30 mothers who delivered prematurely and from 35 mothers who delivered at term. Irisin concentrations were measured in all samples using ELISA, and four common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the irisin gene were determined (rs16835198, rs726344, rs3480, and rs1746661). Univariable and multivariable regression modeling was applied to evaluate maternal and cord blood irisin concentrations in relation to preterm/term labor. Irisin concentration in umbilical cord blood was found to be associated with PTB in the univariable model (p = 0.046). On the other hand, no differences in maternal blood irisin levels between mothers with preterm and term deliveries were established. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study determining irisin levels in term and preterm deliveries in maternal peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood. Our study shows a possible association between cord blood irisin concentration and PTB occurrence.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fetální krev metabolismus MeSH
- fibronektiny krev genetika metabolismus MeSH
- genetické asociační studie MeSH
- gestační stáří MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- matky MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- předčasná porodní činnost etiologie metabolismus MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- upregulace * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This study aimed to investigate the effect of irisin on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages through inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. A network pharmacology-based approach, combined with molecular docking and in vitro validation were performed to identify the biological activity, key targets, and potential pharmacological mechanisms of irisin against LPS-induced inflammation. By matching 100 potential genes of irisin with 1893 ulcerative colitis (UC) related genes, 51 common genes were obtained. Using protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) and component-target network analysis,10 core genes of irisin on UC were further identified. The results of gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the molecular mechanisms of irisin on UC were mainly related to major enrichment in the categories of response to xenobiotic stimulus, response to the drug, and negative regulation of gene expression. Molecular docking results showed good binding activity for almost all core component targets. More importantly, MTT assay and flow cytometry results showed that LPS-induced cytotoxicity was reversed by irisin, after coincubation with irisin, the level of IL-12 and IL-23 decreased in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Irisin pretreatment significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT and increased the expression of PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma. LPS-induced enhancement of phagocytosis and cell clearance were reversed by irisin pretreatment. Irisin ameliorated LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting cytotoxicity and apoptosis, and this protective effect may be mediated through the MAPK pathway. These findings confirmed our prediction that irisin plays an anti-inflammatory role in LPS-induced inflammation via the MAPK pathway.
- MeSH
- fibronektiny * farmakologie MeSH
- lipopolysacharidy MeSH
- makrofágy MeSH
- mitogenem aktivované proteinkinasy * MeSH
- myši MeSH
- RAW 264.7 buňky MeSH
- simulace molekulového dockingu MeSH
- ulcerózní kolitida * MeSH
- zánět chemicky indukované farmakoterapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is frequently utilized as a method to reduce body mass. Its intensity of work results in a number of beneficial adaptive changes in a relatively short period of time. Irisin is a myokine and adipokine secreted to the blood during exercise and it takes part in the regulation of energy metabolism. It is a vital issue from the prophylaxis point of view as well as treatment through exercise of different diseases (e.g., obesity, type-2 diabetes). The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in irisin concentration, body composition, and aerobic and anaerobic performance in men after HIIT. Eight weeks of HIIT following the Tabata protocol was applied in the training group (HT) (n = 15), while a sedentary group (SED) (n = 10) did not participate in fitness activities within the same time period. Changes of irisin, body composition, and aerobic and anaerobic performance were evaluated after graded exercise test (GXT) and Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) before and after eight weeks of training. Training resulted in an increased of blood irisin concentration (by 29.7%) p < 0.05), VO2max increase (PRE: 44.86 ± 5.74 mL·kg-1·min-1; POST: 50.16 ± 5.80 mL kg-1·min-1; p < 0.05), reduction in percent body fat (PRE: 14.44 ± 3.33%; POST: 13.61 ± 3.16%; p < 0.05), and increase of WAnT parameters (p < 0.05) in the HT group. No changes were observed in the SED group. HIIT resulted in beneficial effects in the increase in blood irisin concentration, physical performance, and reduced fat content. The HIIT may indicate an acceleration of base metabolism. This effect can be utilized in the prevention or treatment of obesity.
Irisin is a myokine secreted during exercise. It has drawn the attention of researchers as it regulates several effects of exercise that are considered beneficial. It has also been proposed as a therapeutic tool to treat metabolic disorders. In recent years, the effect of different types of training on circulating irisin has been studied in large populations. An overall beneficial result has been shown, however, the outcome of the investigations has raised some controversy. Herein we evaluated the existing literature on the effects of different types of training on the circulating irisin levels in healthy subjects and in those displaying different metabolic condition. We conducted queries in the PubMed and Web of Science databases for literature published between January 2010 and January 2021. Thirty-seven original articles were retrieved and they were included in this review. Any letter to the editor, meta-analyses, reviews, and systematic review articles were excluded. From these 37 articles, 19 of them reported increased levels of circulating irisin. The interventions encompassed aerobic, resistance, combined, circuit, and interval training types. Such increase of circulating irisin was reported for healthy subjects and for those displaying different metabolic condition. A training that is steadily kept with a moderate to high intensity, including that characterized by brief highly intense intervals, were distinguishable from the rest. Nevertheless, the training effectiveness as evaluated by the increased circulating irisin levels depends on the subject's metabolic condition and age.
- MeSH
- cvičení fyziologie MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- fibronektiny metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolický syndrom * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- nadváha MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
The novel myokine irisin has been reported as a therapeutic target for metabolic disease. The objective of this study is to reveal the effects of aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) on circulating irisin levels and their associations with change of body composition in overweight/obese adults. Twenty eight overweight/obese adults (BMI>23 kg/m(2)) were included in this study and compared before and after 8 weeks of exercise program (60 min/day, 5 times in a week). The subjects, in both aerobic and resistance training, showed significant improvement in anthropometric parameters and exercise capacities including maximal oxygen uptake and muscle strength. Interestingly, the circulating irisin was significantly increased in resistance training group (p=0.002) but not in aerobic training (p=0.426) compared to control group. In addition, we found the positive correlation between change of the circulating irisin and muscle mass (r=0.432, p=0.022) and the negative correlation between change of the circulating irisin and fat mass (r=-0.407, p=0.031). In the present pilot study, we found that circulating irisin level was increased by 8 weeks of resistance training in overweight/obese adults, suggesting that resistance training could be the efficient exercise type in overweight/obese considering positive change of body composition concomitant with increase of irisin levels.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- cvičení fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fibronektiny krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nadváha krev diagnóza terapie MeSH
- obezita krev diagnóza terapie MeSH
- odporový trénink * metody MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- složení těla fyziologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
