The aim of this work was to compare production of endotoxin and to determine susceptibility to antibiotics in two groups of specimens-wild-type strains Ochrobactrum anthropi isolated from the environment and the strains isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. The determination of the endotoxin produced by the test strains was carried on by using a limulus amebocyte lysate test (LAL test). Determination of ATB sensitivity was accomplished by means of a broth dilution method in a microtiter plate (MIC). No significant difference was found between the group of ochrobacters isolated from the environment and the group of ochrobacters isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. Antibiotic sensitivity testing has indicated that the resistance to tigecycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and gentamicin was slightly higher in strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients in comparison with strains isolated from the environment. In general, most of the test strains were sensitive to most of the antibiotics tested. Significant resistance has been demonstrated for cefotaxime. Resistance was also found for gentamicin in strains number 4 and 7. The MIC was equal to the breakpoint for this antibiotic (8000 mg/L).

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Drug Resistance, Bacterial MeSH
• Cystic Fibrosis microbiology   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Endotoxins metabolism   MeSH
• Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections microbiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Limulus Test MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
• Environmental Microbiology MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Ochrobactrum anthropi drug effects   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH

Similar to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a product of Gram-negative bacteria, the signal macromolecules of Gram-positive bacteria lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PGN) possess multiple biological activities. They may be a source of misinterpretation of experimental findings. We have found that not only LPS but also LTA and PGN can be detected by the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. All of them stimulate the high output in vitro nitric oxide (NO) production of in rat peritoneal cells. The onset of the NO enhancement was observed with 25-100pg/ml of LPS and 25-100ng/ml of PGN and LTA. Polymyxin B (PMX), if applied at concentration 10,000-fold higher than that of LPS, can completely inhibit the NO and LAL binding responses of LPS. The NO-stimulatory and LAL-binding properties of LTA and PGN are not eliminated by PMX. Handling of LPS contamination with PMX may be associated with serious problems because it possesses intrinsic biological activity and becomes cytotoxic at concentration >25μg/ml. The present findings suggest a convenient alternative avoiding these issues. As monitored by the NO and LAL assays, even high amounts of LPS as well as PGN and LTA can be removed by molecular mass cutoff microfiltration. All types of the filters (3kDa to 100kDa) are equally effective. It is suggested that the microfiltration procedure may be considered as a preferable, general and easy method of sample decontamination.

• MeSH
• Bacillus subtilis chemistry   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Cell Line MeSH
• Centrifugation MeSH
• Escherichia coli chemistry   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Filtration * MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Teichoic Acids analysis   MeSH
• Limulus Test * MeSH
• Lipopolysaccharides analysis   MeSH
• Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Nitric Oxide biosynthesis   metabolism   MeSH
• Peptidoglycan analysis   MeSH
• Rats, Wistar MeSH
• Cell Survival MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Stanovení hladin 1,3-beta-D-glukanu v klinickém materiálu patří do uznávaného spektra nekultivačních metod pro diagnostiku hlubokých houbových infekcí. Interpretace výsledků tohoto testu je mnohdy komplikovaná – nicméně ve spojení s pneumocystovou pneumonií má vyšetření řadu výhod a vhodně doplňuje standardní vyšetřovací metody, jako jsou mikroskopie a PCR.

The importance of 1,3-beta-D-glucan in diagnostics of pneumocystis pneumonia Determining the levels of 1,3-beta-D-glucan in the clinical material is a part of the spectrum of recognised non-cultivation methods for diagnosing deep, fungal infections. Interpretation of the results of this test is often complicated – however, it has many advantages in relation to pneumocystis pneumonia and it is a good addition to standard methods like microscopy and PCR.

• MeSH
• beta-Glucans * diagnostic use   blood   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Limulus Test * methods   MeSH
• Lung Diseases, Fungal diagnosis   microbiology   MeSH
• Pneumonia, Pneumocystis * diagnosis   microbiology   MeSH
• Sensitivity and Specificity MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• Keywords
• heterodimer,
• MeSH
• beta-Glucans MeSH
• Invertebrates * MeSH
• Hemolymph * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Limulus Test MeSH
• Lipopolysaccharides * MeSH
• Immunity, Innate MeSH
• Peptide Hydrolases MeSH
• Serine Proteases * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Glucosamine analysis   MeSH
• Lethal Dose 50 MeSH
• Limulus Test MeSH
• Lipid A chemistry   toxicity   MeSH
• Fatty Acids analysis   MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Carbohydrates analysis   MeSH
• Shigella dysenteriae chemistry   classification   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Mice MeSH
• Animals MeSH

• MeSH
• Bacterial Infections diagnosis   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Limulus Test MeSH
• Infant, Newborn, Diseases MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH

• MeSH
• Endotoxins analysis   MeSH
• Limulus Test MeSH
• Infusions, Parenteral MeSH
• Pyrogens analysis   MeSH

• Conspectus
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství

• MeSH
• Endotoxins blood   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Limulus Test methods   MeSH
• Burns diagnosis   complications   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH