- Klíčová slova
- Lafarex,
- MeSH
- dezinsekce dějiny metody MeSH
- Formicidae * patogenita růst a vývoj účinky léků MeSH
- insekticidy * aplikace a dávkování dějiny MeSH
- kontrola škůdců metody MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Methyl benzimidazole carbamate fungicides, including benomyl, are widely used in agriculture, and to eliminate entomopathogenic infections. We treated queens of Myrmica rubra (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) infected or not by Rickia wasmannii (Laboulbeniales:Laboulbeniaceae) with benomyl, 1mg/ml p.o. for six weeks. Benomyl did not treat the infection, and the treatment alone caused strong decrease in the fecundity of control healthy queens from 18.0±8.4 to 3.7±5.2eggs per healthy queen. This is the first evidence on severe adverse effects of methyl benzimidazole carbamate fungicide on the fecundity of insects, which might be responsible for altered species composition of ant assemblages in the cultural landscape.
- MeSH
- benomyl toxicita MeSH
- fertilita účinky léků MeSH
- Formicidae účinky léků parazitologie MeSH
- fungicidy průmyslové toxicita MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
It is rare to find a true predator that repeatedly and routinely kills prey larger than itself. A solitary specialised ant-eating spider of the genus Zodarion can capture a relatively giant prey. We studied the trophic niche of this spider species and investigated its adaptations (behavioural and venomic) that are used to capture ants. We found that the spider captures mainly polymorphic Messor arenarius ants. Adult female spiders captured large morphs while tiny juveniles captured smaller morphs, yet in both cases ants were giant in comparison with spider size. All specimens used an effective prey capture strategy that protected them from ant retaliation. Juvenile and adult spiders were able to paralyse their prey using a single bite. The venom glands of adults were more than 50 times larger than those of juvenile spiders, but the paralysis latency of juveniles was 1.5 times longer. This suggests that this spider species possesses very potent venom already at the juvenile stage. Comparison of the venom composition between juvenile and adult spiders did not reveal significant differences. We discovered here that specialised capture combined with very effective venom enables the capture of giant prey.
- MeSH
- elektroforéza v polyakrylamidovém gelu MeSH
- Formicidae účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- pavoučí jedy chemie farmakologie MeSH
- pavouci chemie fyziologie MeSH
- predátorské chování fyziologie MeSH
- velikost těla * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- FARATOX TURBO, ALSTAR,
- MeSH
- dotované bydlení MeSH
- Formicidae klasifikace účinky léků MeSH
- hmyz účinky léků MeSH
- kontrola škůdců metody trendy MeSH
- zdravotnická zařízení MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
