Methyl benzimidazole carbamate fungicides, including benomyl, are widely used in agriculture, and to eliminate entomopathogenic infections. We treated queens of Myrmica rubra (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) infected or not by Rickia wasmannii (Laboulbeniales:Laboulbeniaceae) with benomyl, 1mg/ml p.o. for six weeks. Benomyl did not treat the infection, and the treatment alone caused strong decrease in the fecundity of control healthy queens from 18.0±8.4 to 3.7±5.2eggs per healthy queen. This is the first evidence on severe adverse effects of methyl benzimidazole carbamate fungicide on the fecundity of insects, which might be responsible for altered species composition of ant assemblages in the cultural landscape.

• MeSH
• Benomyl toxicity   MeSH
• Fertility drug effects   MeSH
• Ants drug effects   parasitology   MeSH
• Fungicides, Industrial toxicity   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Application of UV radiation to the strain Trichoderma sp. T-bt (isolated from lignite) resulted in the T-brm mutant which was resistant to the systemic fungicide benomyl. The tub2 gene sequence in the T-brm mutant differed from the parent as well as the collection strain (replacing tyrosine with histidine in the TUB2 protein). Under in vitro conditions this mutant exhibited a higher mycoparasitic activity toward phytopathogenic fungi.

• MeSH
• Antifungal Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Benomyl pharmacology   MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Fungal Proteins genetics   MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
• Mutation, Missense MeSH
• Amino Acid Substitution MeSH
• Trichoderma physiology   drug effects   radiation effects   MeSH
• Ultraviolet Rays MeSH
• Virulence MeSH

• MeSH
• Benomyl pharmacology   MeSH
• Lipids analysis   chemistry   MeSH
• Lipid Metabolism MeSH
• Fungicides, Industrial toxicity   MeSH
• Trichoderma chemistry   growth & development   drug effects   MeSH

• MeSH
• Benomyl pharmacology   MeSH
• Benzimidazoles pharmacology   MeSH
• Cytoplasm ultrastructure   MeSH
• Cell Compartmentation MeSH
• Microtubules drug effects   ultrastructure   MeSH
• Mitochondria drug effects   ultrastructure   MeSH
• Schizosaccharomyces drug effects   ultrastructure   MeSH

• MeSH
• Benomyl pharmacology   MeSH
• Neurospora crassa growth & development   MeSH
• In Vitro Techniques MeSH

• MeSH
• Benomyl toxicity   MeSH
• Benzimidazoles toxicity   MeSH
• Nitrites MeSH
• Neoplasms, Experimental chemically induced   MeSH
• Carbamates toxicity   MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Thymus Neoplasms chemically induced   MeSH
• Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin chemically induced   MeSH
• Nitrosamines metabolism   toxicity   MeSH
• Fungicides, Industrial toxicity   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Mice MeSH
• Animals MeSH