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MeSH: Nervous System Diseases-diagnostic imaging

16 záznamů v Medvik Filtry

Článek

Altered Neural Processing of Interoception in Patients With Functional Neurological Disorder: A Task-Based fMRI Study

Sojka, Petr
Autor Sojka, Petr Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague (Sojka, Serranová) Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, and Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma (Khalsa) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Perez) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, and Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Diez)
Serranová, Tereza
Autor Serranová, Tereza Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague (Sojka, Serranová) Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, and Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma (Khalsa) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Perez) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, and Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Diez)
Khalsa, Sahib S
Autor Khalsa, Sahib S Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague (Sojka, Serranová) Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, and Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma (Khalsa) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Perez) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, and Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Diez)
Perez, David L
Autor Perez, David L Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague (Sojka, Serranová) Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, and Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma (Khalsa) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Perez) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, and Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Diez)
Diez, Ibai
Autor Diez, Ibai Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague (Sojka, Serranová) Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, and Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma (Khalsa) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Perez) Functional Neurological Disorder Unit, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Integrated Brain Medicine, Department of Neurology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, and Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Diez)

The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences. 2025 ; 37 (2) : 149-159. [pub] 20241119

J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci
ISSN 1545-7222
Medvik
Zdroj

OBJECTIVE: Research suggests that disrupted interoception contributes to the development and maintenance of functional neurological disorder (FND); however, no functional neuroimaging studies have examined the processing of interoceptive signals in patients with FND. METHODS: The authors examined univariate and multivariate functional MRI neural responses of 38 patients with mixed FND and 38 healthy control individuals (HCs) during a task exploring goal-directed attention to cardiac interoception-versus-control (exteroception or rest) conditions. The relationships between interoception-related neural responses, heartbeat-counting accuracy, and interoceptive trait prediction error (ITPE) were also investigated for FND patients. RESULTS: When attention was directed to heartbeat signals versus exteroception or rest tasks, FND patients showed decreased neural activations (and reduced coactivations) in the right anterior insula and bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortices (among other areas), compared with HCs. For FND patients, heartbeat-counting accuracy was positively correlated with right anterior insula and ventromedial prefrontal activations during interoception versus rest. Cardiac interoceptive accuracy was also correlated with bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate activations in the interoception-versus-exteroception contrast, and neural activations were correlated with ITPE scores, showing inverse relationships to those observed for heartbeat-counting accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified state and trait interoceptive disruptions in FND patients. Convergent between- and within-group findings contextualize the pathophysiological role of cingulo-insular (salience network) areas across the spectrum of functional seizures and functional movement disorder. These findings provide a starting point for the future development of comprehensive neurophysiological assessments of interoception for FND patients, features that also warrant research as potential prognostic and monitoring biomarkers.

MeSH
dospělí MeSH
interocepce * fyziologie MeSH
lidé středního věku MeSH
lidé MeSH
magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
mapování mozku MeSH
mladý dospělý MeSH
mozek * patofyziologie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
nemoci nervového systému * patofyziologie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
pozornost fyziologie MeSH
srdeční frekvence fyziologie MeSH
Check Tag
dospělí MeSH
lidé středního věku MeSH
lidé MeSH
mladý dospělý MeSH
mužské pohlaví MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH

Článek

Neurogenetika a neurovývojová onemocnění

Svět praktické medicíny. 2023 ; 2023 (4) : 24-28.

ISSN 2694-8516
Medvik
Zdroj

MeSH
dítě MeSH
epilepsie genetika MeSH
genetické testování MeSH
hereditární motorické a senzitivní neuropatie diagnóza genetika MeSH
lidé MeSH
nemoci mozku genetika MeSH
nemoci nervového systému * diagnostické zobrazování diagnóza genetika MeSH
neurovývojové poruchy * genetika MeSH
spastická paraparéza diagnóza genetika MeSH
vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
Check Tag
dítě MeSH
lidé MeSH
Publikační typ
práce podpořená grantem MeSH
přehledy MeSH

Článek online

Corpus callosum a jeho atrofie v MR obraze - diferenciální diagnostika a význam pro praxi
[Corpus callosum atrophy on MRI - differential diagnosis and practical relevance]

Česká radiologie. 2023 ; 77 (2) : 94-102.

ISSN 1210-7883
Medvik
Zdroj

Corpus callosum (CC) je největší mozková komisura spojující levou a pravou mozkovou hemisféru. Obsahuje axony, které propojují především homotopické kortikální oblasti obou hemisfér. Konvenčním MR zobrazením je CC velmi dobře přehledné a hodnotitelné. Postižení corpus callosum lze rozdělit do tří kategorií - vrozené vady, signálové změny a atrofie. První dvě zmíněné jsou na MR většinou správně rozpoznány a zhodnoceny v popisech. Atrofie CC je naproti tomu často přehlížena a připisována pouze pokročilému věku. Může však být podmíněna celou řadou patologických stavů a reflektovat postižení jak bílé, tak šedé hmoty mozkové. K primárnímu postižení bílé hmoty a atrofii CC vedou patologické stavy podmiňující demyelinizaci a následný úbytek axonů. Atrofie CC může být také sekundárním důsledkem postižení šedé hmoty mozkové, konkrétně neuronů III. korové vrstvy, jejichž zánik je následován walleriánskou degenerací axonů projikujících skrze CC. Jelikož jsou vlákna v CC topograficky uspořádána, zánik neuronů určité korové oblasti koresponduje s úbytkem vláken v příslušném segmentu CC a výsledným obrazem je regionální atrofie CC. Článek si klade za úkol nabídnout širší pohled na problematiku atrofie CC, ukázat její pestrou diferenciální diagnostiku.

Corpus callosum (CC) is the largest brain commissure interconnecting the left and right cerebral hemisphere. It consists of fibers projecting mainly to homotopical cortical regions and is well visualized on the conventional MR scans. The main types of callosal abnormalities are congenital defects, signal changes and atrophy, where the first two are rarely unnoticed and unreported - contrary to atrophy, which is frequently attributed to the old age only. Aside from age-related involution, callosal atrophy may be caused by a broad spectrum of pathological conditions damaging either white or gray matter. Demyelinating conditions lead to CC atrophy by primary damage of white matter. Loss of cortical neurons and subsequent wallerian degeneration lead to loss of axons projecting through CC and its secondary atrophy. Because fibers in CC are topographically arranged, loss of neurons in certain cortical regions corresponds to loss of fibers (and thus loss of volume) in certain segments of CC, resulting in regional callosal atrophy. The aim of this article is to provide a broader view on the atrophy of corpus callosum, present its differential diagnosis and potential practical use.

Kapitola

Neuroradiologické zobrazovací metody u dětí

Šenkyřík, Jan
Autor Autorita Klinika dětské radiologie FN Brno

Dětská neurochirurgie. 2021 ; () : 51-76.

ISBN 978-80-271-2527-2
Medvik
Zdroj

MeSH
dítě MeSH
echoencefalografie metody MeSH
kraniocerebrální traumata diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
lidé MeSH
magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody MeSH
nemoci nervového systému diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
neuroradiografie * metody MeSH
počítačová rentgenová tomografie metody MeSH
Check Tag
dítě MeSH
lidé MeSH
Publikační typ
přehledy MeSH

Kapitola

Ultrazvuk v neurointenzivní péči

Ultrasonografie v intenzivní a urgentní medicíně. 2021 ; () : 116-151.

ISBN 978-80-7345-611-5
Medvik
Zdroj

MeSH
lidé MeSH
nemoci nervového systému * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu MeSH
ultrasonografie * metody MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
Publikační typ
přehledy MeSH

Článek online

Neuroimaging in Functional Neurological Disorder: State of the Field and Research Agenda

NeuroImage. Clinical. 2021 ; 30 (-) : 102623. [pub] 20210311

Neuroimage Clin
ISSN 2213-1582
Medvik
Zdroj

Functional neurological disorder (FND) was of great interest to early clinical neuroscience leaders. During the 20th century, neurology and psychiatry grew apart - leaving FND a borderland condition. Fortunately, a renaissance has occurred in the last two decades, fostered by increased recognition that FND is prevalent and diagnosed using "rule-in" examination signs. The parallel use of scientific tools to bridge brain structure - function relationships has helped refine an integrated biopsychosocial framework through which to conceptualize FND. In particular, a growing number of quality neuroimaging studies using a variety of methodologies have shed light on the emerging pathophysiology of FND. This renewed scientific interest has occurred in parallel with enhanced interdisciplinary collaborations, as illustrated by new care models combining psychological and physical therapies and the creation of a new multidisciplinary FND society supporting knowledge dissemination in the field. Within this context, this article summarizes the output of the first International FND Neuroimaging Workgroup meeting, held virtually, on June 17th, 2020 to appraise the state of neuroimaging research in the field and to catalyze large-scale collaborations. We first briefly summarize neural circuit models of FND, and then detail the research approaches used to date in FND within core content areas: cohort characterization; control group considerations; task-based functional neuroimaging; resting-state networks; structural neuroimaging; biomarkers of symptom severity and risk of illness; and predictors of treatment response and prognosis. Lastly, we outline a neuroimaging-focused research agenda to elucidate the pathophysiology of FND and aid the development of novel biologically and psychologically-informed treatments.

MeSH
konverzní poruchy * MeSH
lidé MeSH
nemoci nervového systému * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
neurozobrazování MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH
práce podpořená grantem MeSH
přehledy MeSH
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural MeSH
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

Kapitola

Neurodiagnostické metody

Základy dětské neurologie. 2021 ; () : 31-59.

ISBN 978-80-7492-510-8
Medvik
Zdroj

Kniha

Optická koherenční tomografie v neurologii

Lízrová Preiningerová, Jana
Autor Autorita ORCID

Jessenius Medica

159 stran : ilustrace, tabulky ; 25 cm

Publikace se zabývá zkoumáním projevů neurologických onemocnění na sítnici pomocí optické koherenční tomografie. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.; První česká kniha věnovaná optické koherenční tomografii (OCT) v neurologii je cílena na širokou odbornou veřejnost včetně neurologů, oftalmologů a vědců zabývajících se projevy neurologických onemocnění na sítnici...

MeSH
nemoci nervového systému diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
nemoci retiny diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
neurologické manifestace MeSH
optická koherentní tomografie metody MeSH
Publikační typ
monografie MeSH

Konspekt
Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
NLK Obory
oftalmologie
radiologie, nukleární medicína a zobrazovací metody
neurologie

Článek online

A Case Series of Double Bypass Technique Used for the Treatment of Internal Carotid Blood Blister-like Aneurysms in Patients in Poor Initial Neurological Condition at the Early Stage of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Operative neurosurgery. 2020 ; 18 (2) : 126-135. [pub] 20200201

Oper Neurosurg
ISSN 2332-4260
Medvik
Zdroj

BACKGROUND: Optimal surgical treatment of blood-blister aneurysms (BBA) remains controversial. Some surgeons prefer clipping reconstruction while others favor primary bypass with trapping. OBJECTIVE: To analyze of benefit of double bypass technique to surgical outcomes in patients with ruptured BBA in poor initial neurological condition (PINC). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of clinical, radiological, and surgical data in 9 patients treated between January 2009 and December 2015. Intraoperative middle cerebral artery blood pressure (MCABP) measurement was used for selection of bypass procedure. RESULTS: Seven patients presented with World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) score 4 or 5. No pulse pressure in the MCA after internal carotid artery (ICA) clamping was found in 3 patients, although their ACoA or PCoA were well visualized on preoperative angiograms. By contrast, only a minimal drop in MCABP following ICA clamping was detected in two cases, although their collaterals were slim/nonvisualized on imaging. Although angiographic vasospasms were not observed in our patients, two of them experienced cerebral infarction, attributable more to the mass effect and postoperative ICA thrombosis than to SAH-induced vasospasm. There were 2 premature intraoperative ruptures, but no perioperative mortality, aneurysm recurrence, or rebleeding. Five patients with WFNS SAH score 4 or 5 achieved favorable outcomes. CONCLUSION: Early double bypass technique guided by MCABP measurement and combined with trapping (or rarely clipping) seems to be a safe method with excellent long-term outcomes in patients in PINC. This study may thus contribute to the debate on the optimal treatment strategy for BBA.