Acute lung injury in the preterm newborns can originate from prematurity of the lung and insufficient synthesis of pulmonary surfactant. This situation is known as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). In the term neonates, the respiratory insufficiency is related to a secondary inactivation of the pulmonary surfactant, for instance, by action of endotoxins in bacterial pneumonia or by effects of aspirated meconium. The use of experimental models of the mentioned situations provides new information on the pathophysiology of these disorders and offers unique possibility to test novel therapeutic approaches in the conditions which are very similar to the clinical syndromes. Herewith we review the advantages and limitations of the use of experimental models of RDS and meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) and their value for clinics.
- MeSH
- akutní poškození plic metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech * MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- syndrom aspirace mekonia metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- syndrom respirační tísně novorozenců metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Severe meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) in newborns is often treated by exogenous surfactant. Because its efficacy is reduced by meconium-induced inflammation, glucocorticoid budesonide was added into surfactant preparation Curosurf to enhance efficacy of the surfactant therapy in experimental model of MAS. Oxygen-ventilated rabbits were intratracheally given meconium (25 mg/ml, 4 ml/kg) to induce respiratory failure. Thirty minutes later, animals were treated by intratracheal budesonide (0.25 mg/kg) or surfactant lung lavage (10 ml/kg, 5 mg phospholipids/ml) repeated twice, followed by undiluted Curosurf (100 mg phospholipids/kg) or by the above mentioned surfactant treatment with the last surfactant dose fortified with budesonide (0.25 mg/kg) or were untreated. Animals were ventilated for additional 5 hours and respiratory parameters were measured regularly. After sacrificing animals, wet-dry lung weight ratio was evaluated and plasma levels of interleukins (IL)-1beta, -6, -8, and TNF-alpha were measured by ELISA method. Efficacy of the given therapies to enhance lung functions and to diminish lung edema formation and inflammation increased from budesonide-only and surfactant-only therapy to surfactant+budesonide therapy. Combined therapy improved gas exchange from 30 min of administration, and showed a longer-lasting effect than surfactant-only therapy. In conclusions, budesonide additionally improved the effects of exogenous surfactant in experimental MAS.
- MeSH
- antiflogistika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- biologické přípravky aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- bronchodilatancia aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- budesonid aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- fixní kombinace léků MeSH
- fosfolipidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- imunologické faktory metabolismus MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- mechanika dýchání účinky léků MeSH
- plicní surfaktanty MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- syndrom aspirace mekonia diagnóza farmakoterapie patofyziologie MeSH
- synergismus léků MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- respirační funkční testy MeSH
- syndrom aspirace mekonia komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- syndrom respirační tísně novorozenců etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
