BACKGROUND: The ADIPOQ gene encodes a fat-derived protein hormone with a preponderant role in the homeostasis of glucose and fatty acids. However, previous association studies between ADIPOQ genetic variants and metabolic disorders have shown controversial results. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the ADIPOQ-rs2241766 polymorphism on diverse biochemical parameters (i.e., insulin resistance, atherogenic index, overweight and obesity) in an adolescent population from Mexico. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with convenience sampling was carried out in 356 adolescents from Northern Mexico. They were classified by sex and BMI-z score. The biochemical parameters were measured from blood samples using conventional methods. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: In low and normal weight groups, GG carriers had a significantly higher cholesterol level (P ≤ 0.05) than TG and TT carriers. However, there was no association between ADIPOQ-rs2241766 polymorphism and atherogenic index, overweight, or obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the cholesterol levels are under the influence of the ADIPOQ-rs2241766 polymorphism in Mexican adolescents and may explain how ADIPOQ variants increase the risk of developing metabolic disorders. Nevertheless, further studies are required to rule out the influence of other genetic and non-genetic factors.

• MeSH
• adiponektin genetika   MeSH
• cholesterol MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolické nemoci * MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nadváha epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• obezita epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Mexiko MeSH

Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common cancer worldwide. Genetic studies estimated 30% heritability in BC risk. Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that has important roles in the regulation of energy metabolism. Recent evidence suggests dysregulation of adiponectin levels in BC tissues. Serum level of adiponectin is influenced by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ADIPOQ gene. However, limited evidence is available regarding the association between adiponectin serum levels or SNPs in ADIPOQ and BC risk. This study aimed to assess whether adiponectin serum levels or SNPs in ADIPOQ may modify BC risk. In this case-control study, 114 BC patients were recruited along with 114 controls. Study subjects were genotyped for variations in ADIPOQ SNPs, namely rs17300539, rs266729, rs2241766, and rs1501299. Adiponectin levels were measured from the serum of study subjects. Our analysis showed that the G allele and the GG genotype of rs1501299 were significantly more frequent in BC patients compared to those in the control group (p-value < 0.05). Moreover, two ADIPOQ haplotypes containing the above G allele were associated with increased BC risk (p-value < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that increased serum adiponectin, smoking or age were all significant predictors of BC (p-value < 0.05). The data supports use of serum adiponectin and the G allele of rs1501299 SNP in ADIPOQ as potential biomarkers and/or targets in BC. To further validate findings in this study, larger populations of various ethnicities and/or genetic backgrounds are required. More investigations on the functional role of adiponectin in BC will also provide better understanding of potential targeting adiponectin for BC treatment.

• MeSH
• adiponektin * krev   genetika   MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * genetika   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Personal food preferences can either enhance or suppress the development of obesity and the selection and proportion of macronutrients in the diet seem to have a heritable component. In the present study, we therefore focused on dietary composition as a specific trait related to obesity and we determined whether genetic variations in leptin (LEP), LEP receptor (LEPR), adiponectin (ADIPOQ), IL-6 and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) underlie specific native food preferences and obesity-related anthropometric parameters. The total of 409 individuals of Czech Caucasian origin were enrolled into the present study and 7 d food records were obtained from the study subjects along with selected anthropometric measurements. In a subset of study subjects, plasma levels of ADIPOQ, LEP and soluble LEPR were measured. Independently of the BMI of the individuals, common variations in LEP and LEPR genes were associated with specific eating patterns, mainly with respect to timing of eating. The LEP + 19A/G polymorphism served as an independent predictor for BMI, percentage of body fat and skinfold thickness and significantly affected the time structure of the daily energy intake. The POMC RsaI polymorphism was associated with percentage of body fat. The ADIPOQ 45 T/G polymorphism was associated with the thickness of the subscapular skinfold. The LEPR Gln223Arg polymorphism was associated with multiple parameters, including diastolic blood pressure, meal sizes during the day and plasma ADIPOQ levels. In a separate analysis, soluble leptin receptor (sObR) plasma levels and LEP:sObR ratio were significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (beta = - 0.66, P = 0.002; beta = - 1.23, P = 0.02) and sObR plasma levels also served as an independent predictor for diastolic blood pressure (beta = - 0.50; P = 0.04). To conclude, we report common allelic variants associated with specific feeding behaviour and obesity-related anthropometric traits. Moreover, we identified allelic variants that significantly influence the time structure of food intake during the day.

• MeSH
• adiponektin genetika   krev   MeSH
• běloši genetika   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• energetický příjem MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• hubenost genetika   krev   MeSH
• interleukin-6 genetika   MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
• leptin genetika   krev   MeSH
• leptinové receptory genetika   krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• morbidní obezita genetika   krev   MeSH
• obezita genetika   krev   MeSH
• polymorfismus genetický MeSH
• preference v jídle MeSH
• pro-opiomelanokortin genetika   MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

In this study on 138 Czech Caucasians, the ADIPOQ 45T/G polymorphism was associated with the dietary composition. As the GG homozygotes were associated with the increased intake of carbohydrates, we suggest that a proportion of the prodiabetogenic effect of the polymorphism might be due to its influence on eating behaviour.

• MeSH
• adiponektin genetika   MeSH
• dieta MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• exony MeSH
• glycin MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• morbidní obezita genetika   MeSH
• preference v jídle MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Diets rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), protect against insulin resistance and obesity in rodents and increase insulin sensitivity in healthy humans. We tested whether the anti-diabetic effects of EPA and DHA involve enhanced production of the endogenous insulin sensitiser, adiponectin. METHODS: We studied the effects, in an obesity-promoting high-fat diet, of partial replacement of vegetable oils by EPA/DHA concentrate (6% EPA, 51% DHA) over a 5-week period in adult male C57BL/6J mice that either had free access to food or had their food intake restricted by 30%. At the end of the treatment, systemic markers of lipid and glucose metabolism and full-length adiponectin and leptin were measured. Adiponectin (Adipoq) and leptin (Lep) gene expression in dorsolumbar and epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) and isolated adipocytes was quantified and adipokine production from WAT explants evaluated. RESULTS: In mice with free access to food, plasma triacylglycerols, NEFA, and insulin levels were lower in the presence of EPA/DHA, while glucose and leptin levels were not significantly altered. Food restriction decreased plasma triacylglycerols, glucose, insulin and leptin, but not adiponectin. EPA/DHA increased plasma adiponectin levels, independent of food intake, reflecting the stimulation of Adipoq expression in adipocytes and the release of adiponectin from WAT, particularly from epididymal fat. Expression of Lep and the release of leptin from WAT, while being extremely sensitive to caloric restriction, was unaltered by EPA/DHA. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Intake of diets rich in EPA and DHA leads to elevated systemic concentrations of adiponectin, largely independent of food intake or adiposity and explain, to some extent, their anti-diabetic effects.

• MeSH
• adiponektin biosyntéza   genetika   krev   MeSH
• aktivace enzymů MeSH
• dietní tuky aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• inzulin fyziologie   krev   MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence MeSH
• kalorická restrikce MeSH
• kyselina eikosapentaenová aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• kyseliny dokosahexaenové aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• leptin analýza   fyziologie   genetika   krev   MeSH
• myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
• myši MeSH
• obezita patofyziologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
• přijímání potravy MeSH
• proteinkinasy metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese MeSH
• složení těla MeSH
• triglyceridy krev   MeSH
• tuková tkáň chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• tukové buňky chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

Specific variants in genes that encode adipokines and their mRNA and protein expression were previously studied in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, and similar studies have been performed for chronic periodontitis (CP). The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the possible impacts of adiponectin (ADIPOQ), leptin (LEP) and its receptor (LEPR), and resistin (RETN) on the etiopathogenesis of CP. Examinations were performed on 118 non-periodontitis healthy subjects (healthy controls, HC), 205 healthy individuals with CP (H + CP) and 86 type 2 diabetes patients with CP (T2DM + CP). Variants within the ADIPOQ (rs2241766, rs1501299), LEP (rs13228377, rs2167270), LEP receptor (rs1805096), and RETN (rs1862513) genes were determined by qPCR. In addition, the plasma levels of ADIPOQ, LEP, and RETN were analysed by ELISA for 80 individuals. The genotype frequencies of the SNP ADIPOQ +45G/T (rs2241766) differed between the HC and H + CP groups (p=0.03, pcorr>0.05), and carriers of the TT genotype had a lower risk of developing CP compared to carriers of the GG or TG genotypes (p<0.01, pcorr>0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the plasma levels of ADIPOQ, LEP or RETN between the study groups (p > 0.05). Plasma levels of the adipokines were also independent of the gene profiles (p > 0.05). Adipokine plasma levels did not change in patients with H + CP/T2DM + CP compared to HC, but we did identify a specific polymorphism in the ADIPOQ gene that was associated with CP. Although the ADIPOQ +45G/T (rs2241766) gene variant may be a candidate biomarker for CP, further research is required in larger populations with different ethnic backgrounds before any final conclusions can be drawn about the role of this gene in CP.

• MeSH
• adipokiny krev   genetika   MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• chronická parodontitida krev   genetika   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu krev   genetika   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• genetická variace MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous hematological malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled clonal proliferation of bone marrow (BM) plasma cells. The poor prognosis of patients is associated with the presence of extramedullary disease (EMD). Previously, different mechanisms involved in the colonization of BM niches by MM cells and their escape during EMD have been described. Thus, we aimed to investigate the expression of selected cytokines in the BM plasma of MM patients as well as EMD patients to reveal novel molecules involved in EMD pathogenesis. Expression of 120 different cytokines was measured in BM plasma of 13 MM and 11 EMD patients using Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays. The correlation between statistically significant cytokines and clinicopathological parameters of patients was determined using the Spearman correlation analysis. Finally, protein-protein interactions were analyzed, and GO and KEGG pathways enrichment analysis was performed. In total, 27 cytokines were found to be differently expressed between MM and EMD patients. After the Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing, the statistical significance of two cytokines downregulated in EMD (EGF, BDNF) and six cytokines upregulated in EMD (NAP-2, ADIPOQ, CRP, MIG, BAFF, and THBS1) was maintained. Correlation analysis proved a significant association between the expression of these molecules and selected clinical-pathological features of MM/EMD patients. Protein association network analysis revealed important protein-protein interactions between THBS1/EGF, MIG/NAP-2, THBS1/NAP-2, EGF/NAP-2, and ADIPOQ/CRP. Finally, identified cytokines were proved to be significantly involved in focal adhesion, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK signaling pathways, and regulation of cell development, localization, proliferation, migration, differentiation, immune system processes, and stress response. Obtained results confirm the key function of the BM microenvironment in the pathogenesis of MM and indicate the essential role of numerous cytokines in disease progression and EMD development. However, the exact mechanisms need to be further clarified.

• MeSH
• kostní dřeň MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mnohočetný myelom * patologie   MeSH
• nádorové mikroprostředí MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• proteom * MeSH
• proteomika MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH