Microbial adhesion to surfaces and the subsequent biofilm formation may result in contamination in food industry and in healthcare-associated infections and may significantly affect postoperative care. Some plants produce substances with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties that are able to inhibit the growth of food-borne pathogens. The aim of our study was to evaluate antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effect of baicalein, resveratrol, and pterostilbene on Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. We determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), the minimum adhesion inhibitory concentration (MAIC), and the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) by crystal violet and XTT determination. Resveratrol and pterostilbene have been shown to inhibit the formation of biofilms as well as to disrupt preformed biofilms. Our results suggest that resveratrol and pterostilbene appear potentially very useful to control and inhibit biofilm contaminations by Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli in the food industry.

• MeSH
• antiinfekční látky farmakologie   MeSH
• biofilmy účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Candida albicans účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Escherichia coli účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• flavanony farmakologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• resveratrol MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• Staphylococcus epidermidis účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• stilbeny farmakologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

It has been demonstrated that pterostilbene inhibits reactive oxygen species production in neutrophils in vitro. However, little is known about its effects on neutrophils during inflammation in vivo. In this study, the effect of pterostilbene on neutrophil activity was investigated in experimental arthritis model. Lewis rats were injected by a single intradermal injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium butyricum in Freund's adjuvant to develop arthritis. Another group of arthritic animals received pterostilbene 30 mg/kg, daily, p.o. The number and activity of neutrophils in blood were measured on a weekly basis during the whole experiment. Moreover, the total radical trapping potential in plasma was measured at the end of the experiment. In the pterostilbene treated arthritic group, the treatment significantly lowered the number of neutrophils in blood on days 14 and 21 without significant downregulation of neutrophil oxidative burst. Pterostilbene nonsignificantly increased total radical trapping potential in arthritic animals. These results indicate that the promising effects of pterostilbene on reactive oxygen species operate by different mechanisms in vitro and in the animal model of inflammation. In conclusion, the positive effects of pterostilbene in the model of arthritis may be attributed to regulation of neutrophil number.

• MeSH
• artritida experimentální farmakoterapie   patologie   MeSH
• down regulace účinky léků   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• nepřímá aktivace účinky léků   imunologie   MeSH
• neutrofily cytologie   účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• peroxidy metabolismus   MeSH
• počet leukocytů MeSH
• potkani inbrední LEW MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• stilbeny chemie   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Hyperlipidaemia is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular complication in diabetes. A study was undertaken to evaluate the antihyperlipidaemic activity of pterostilbene. Oral administration of pterostilbene (40mg/kg bodyweight) to streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats for 6 weeks significantly reduced the elevated serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels and significantly increased the serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level. In addition, pterostilbene also significantly lowered the levels of triglycerides, phospholipids, free fatty acids and total cholesterol in the serum, liver and kidney of diabetic rats.

• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu farmakoterapie   komplikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• hypoglykemika metabolismus   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• hypolipidemika metabolismus   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lipoproteiny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• mastné kyseliny metabolismus   MeSH
• poruchy metabolismu lipidů komplikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• potkani Wistar metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory aktivované proliferátory peroxizomů metabolismus   MeSH
• stilbeny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• streptozocin aplikace a dávkování   metabolismus   MeSH

Pterostilbene (PTE) is a naturally occurring compound originally isolated from Pterocarpus spp. It has been widely used in traditional Indian medicine and later discovered to have various beneficial pharmacological effects such as antioxidant properties, hypoglycaemic or antitumor, and antimicrobial activity. This work is focused on demonstrating PTE synergistic effect with erythromycin and tetracycline to reduce their needed effective concentration for suppression of Staphylococcus epidermidis planktonic cells growth and biofilm formation. The secondary aim is to find these combinations effect on the production of its virulence factors. PTE was found to be effective in inhibition of its planktonic cells with MIC80 values 25-37.5 mg l-1. Simultaneously, it decreased the metabolic activity of biofilm cells and was especially effective on a clinical isolate (MBIC80 = 35 mg l-1) in contrast to the conventional antibiotics. In combination, PTE helped the antibiotics to overcome the tolerance of S. epidermidis biofilm cells (5 mg l-1 of each antibiotic with 49 mg l-1 PTE caused more than 85% inhibition of metabolic activity). It permeabilized cytoplasmic membrane of S. epidermidis cells and altered their surface hydrophobicity. Therefore, PTE has a great potential to enhance antibiotics action in the treatment of infections caused by this pathogen.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky * farmakologie   MeSH
• biofilmy MeSH
• faktory virulence MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• Staphylococcus epidermidis * MeSH
• stilbeny MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Pterostilbene (PTE), a dimethylated analogue of resveratrol, mostly contained in Vitis vinifera leaves or in other plant sources is well-known for its antioxidant activity. Due to its bioavailability, low hydrophilicity and thus ability to penetrate hydrophobic biological membranes it was found to be an antimicrobial agent. These properties of PTE offer the possibility of its use in the treatment of microbial infections. The emergence of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms is often caused by their ability to form biofilm; new substances with antibiofilm activity are therefore sought. The representatives of opportunistic pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi were used for the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC50 and MIC80), minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBIC50 and MBIC80) and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBEC50 and MBEC80) of PTE and commonly used antibiotics erythromycin, polymyxin B or antimycotic amphotericin B. Total biofilm biomass was investigated by crystal violet staining, and the results were confirmed using microscopic techniques. The most significant antibiofilm action was proved for gram-positive cocci, e.g., MBEC50 of PTE for all strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis tested was 25 mg/L. By contrast, the antibiotic ERM did not exhibit antibiofilm activity in most cases. The permeabilization of cell membranes of gram-positive cocci biofilm by MBIC50 and MBEC50 of PTE was confirmed by LIVE/DEAD staining using spinning disc confocal microscopy. PTE significantly influenced the ability of gram-positive cocci to form biofilm and it effectively eradicated pre-formed biofilm in vitro; its potential for the treatment of biofilm-associated infections of Staphylococcus spp. or Enterococcus faecalis is thus apparent.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• antioxidancia farmakologie   MeSH
• biofilmy účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Enterococcus faecalis účinky léků   MeSH
• gramnegativní bakterie účinky léků   MeSH
• grampozitivní bakterie účinky léků   MeSH
• grampozitivní koky účinky léků   MeSH
• listy rostlin chemie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty farmakologie   MeSH
• Staphylococcus epidermidis účinky léků   MeSH
• stilbeny farmakologie   MeSH
• Vitis chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH

Contractile dysfunction and fatal arrhythmias are the hallmarks of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Pterostilbene has notable cardioprotective effects, but its main mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the effect of PTE on myocardial hemodynamics, arrhythmias, inflammatory/oxidative responses, and the causal role of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in rats with acute myocardial I/R injury. Sixty male 7-8 months Sprague-Dawley rats (n=10/each group) experienced in vivo model of myocardial I/R injury through 40-min LAD coronary artery occlusion and subsequent 24-h reperfusion. PTE at concentrations of 5 and 25 mg/kg was intraperitoneally administered to rats five min before reperfusion. Cardiac hemodynamics, reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias, infarct size, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, the activity of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway were measured as the endpoints. Administration of PTE to I/R-injured rats recovered myocardial contractile function and reduced infarct size and ventricular arrhythmias counts and incidence in a dose-dependent manner. PTE at 25 mg/kg significantly and more potently reduced the levels of inflammatory mediators NF-?B, TNF-?, and IL-1?, suppressed intracellular ROS production, augmented the activity of glutathione, and manganese-superoxide dismutase, and upregulated the JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation. Importantly, pretreatment of rats with Ag490 as a JAK2 inhibitor significantly abolished the cardioprotective and signaling effects of PTE in I/R rats. PTE exerts significant protective effects on reducing arrhythmias and myocardial infarction and enhancing cardiac function by stimulating JAK2/STAT3-related suppression of inflammatory and oxidative reactions in the I/R injury setting.

• MeSH
• apoptóza MeSH
• cytokiny MeSH
• glutathion MeSH
• infarkt myokardu * metabolismus   MeSH
• interleukin-1 farmakologie   MeSH
• Janus kinasa 2 MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mangan MeSH
• mediátory zánětu MeSH
• potkani Sprague-Dawley MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• reperfuzní poškození myokardu * metabolismus   MeSH
• reperfuzní poškození * metabolismus   MeSH
• stilbeny MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH

Stilbeny patří do malé skupiny sekundárních metabolitů syntetizovaných fenyl -propanoidovou cestou. Vyskytují se u několika druhů rostlin a hrají důležitou roli při reakci rostlin na biotický a abiotický stres. Mnoho stilbenů jsou antimikrobiální sloučeniny, které jsou syntetizovány z důvodu obrany rostlin proti mikrobiálním patogenům a býložravcům, a jsou klasifikovány jako fytoalexiny. Do této skupiny látek patří např. resveratrol, pterostilben a pinosylvin. Vzhledem k tomu, že rezistence mikroorganismů k antibiotikům se stává celosvětovým problémem, moderní medicína se stále snaží o vývoj nových léků, modifikaci stávajících struktur nebo zvýšení biologické aktivity antibiotik přidáním různých antimikrobiálních látek. Stilbeny mohou být potenciálními látkami při léčbě mikrobiálních infekcí a mají také široký potenciál v léčbě jiných civilizačních chorob

Stilbenes are a small family of plant secondary metabolites derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. They are produced in a several plant species and play an important role in plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Many stibelines are antimicrobial compounds synthesized in response to microbial pathogen or herbivore attack and they are classified as phytoalexins. Resveratrol, pterostilbene and pinosylvine belong to this group of substances. Since the antibiotic resistance has become a worldwide problem, the modern medicine is still trying to develop new drugs, to modify existing structures or to increase the biological activity of antibiotics by adding various antimicrobial agents. Stilbenes might be potential agents in the treatment of microbial infections and they also have a wide potential in other civilizational diseases treatment.

• Klíčová slova
• pterostilben, pinosylvin,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• antifungální látky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• resveratrol MeSH
• stilbeny * klasifikace   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH