The effectiveness of cell transplantation can be improved by optimization of the transplantation site. For some types of cells that form highly oxygen-demanding tissue, e.g., pancreatic islets, a successful engraftment depends on immediate and sufficient blood supply. This critical point can be avoided when cells are transplanted into a bioengineered pre-vascularized cavity which can be formed using a polymer scaffold. In our study, we tested surface-modified poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) capsular scaffolds containing the pro-angiogenic factor VEGF. After each modification step (i.e., amination and heparinization), the surface properties and morphology of scaffolds were characterized by ATR-FTIR and XPS spectroscopy, and by SEM and AFM. All modifications preserved the gross capsule morphology and maintained the open pore structure. Optimized aminolysis conditions decreased the Mw of PLCL only up to 10% while generating a sufficient number of NH2 groups required for the covalent immobilization of heparin. The heparin layer served as a VEGF reservoir with an in vitro VEGF release for at least four weeks. In vivo studies revealed that to obtain highly vascularized PLCL capsules (a) the optimal VEGF dose for the capsule was 50 μg and (b) the implantation time was four weeks when implanted into the greater omentum of Lewis rats; dense fibrous tissue accompanied by vessels completely infiltrated the scaffold and created sparse granulation tissue within the internal cavity of the capsule. The prepared pre-vascularized pouch enabled the islet graft survival and functioning for at least 50 days after islet transplantation. The proposed construct can be used to create a reliable pre-vascularized pouch for cell transplantation.

• MeSH
• Bioengineering * MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental chemically induced   metabolism   pathology   MeSH
• Neovascularization, Physiologic * MeSH
• Injections, Intraperitoneal MeSH
• Blood Glucose analysis   MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Molecular Structure MeSH
• Polyesters chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Rats, Inbred Lew MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   MeSH
• Capsules chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Islets of Langerhans Transplantation * MeSH
• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Particle Size MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl butyrate (HMB) is a unique product of leucine catabolism with positive effects on protein balance. We have examined the effects of HMB (200 mg/kg/day via osmotic pump for 7 days) on rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally). STZ induced severe diabetes associated with muscle wasting, decreased ATP in the liver, and increased α-ketoglutarate in muscles. In plasma, liver, and muscles increased branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; valine, isoleucine, and leucine) and decreased serine. The decreases in mass and protein content of muscles and increases in BCAA concentration were more pronounced in extensor digitorum longus (fast-twitch muscle) than in soleus muscle (slow-twitch muscle). HMB infusion to STZ-treated animals increased glycemia and serine in the liver, decreased BCAAs in plasma and muscles, and decreased ATP in the liver and muscles. The effects of HMB on the weight and protein content of tissues were nonsignificant. We concluded that fast-twitch muscles are more sensitive to STZ than slow-twitch muscles and that HMB administration to STZ-treated rats has dual effects. Adjustments of BCAA concentrations in plasma and muscles and serine in the liver can be considered beneficial, whereas the increased glycemia and decreased ATP concentrations in the liver and muscles are detrimental.

• MeSH
• Amino Acids administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 chemically induced   drug therapy   metabolism   MeSH
• Injections, Intraperitoneal MeSH
• Injections, Subcutaneous MeSH
• Liver drug effects   metabolism   MeSH
• Muscle, Skeletal drug effects   metabolism   MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Rats, Wistar MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   MeSH
• Valerates administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Adrenalectomy methods   trends   utilization   MeSH
• Bevacizumab administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Cetuximab administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Cisplatin administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Cushing Syndrome * diagnosis   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Doxorubicin administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Etoposide administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Drug Therapy * methods   trends   utilization   MeSH
• Thoracic Surgery methods   trends   MeSH
• Hydrocortisone isolation & purification   MeSH
• Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion complications   physiopathology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neoplasm Metastasis diagnosis   prevention & control   therapy   MeSH
• Mitotane administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent enzymology   therapy   MeSH
• Radiosurgery * methods   trends   utilization   MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• Keywords
• beta buňky, glukóza, diabetes, experimentální model, GLUT2,
• MeSH
• Alloxan administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Insulin-Secreting Cells drug effects   MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental chemically induced   MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Disease Models, Animal MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Structure-Activity Relationship MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Animals MeSH

The present study was carried out to investigate the hypoglycaemic effect of S-allyl cysteine (SAC), a garlic component, on some biochemical parameters of STZ induced diabetic rats. STZ induced diabetic rats were treated with SAC at two different doses (100 mg/kg b.w. and 150 mg/kg b.w.) for 45 days. Treatment with SAC significantly decreased the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood urea, serum uric acid, serum creatinine, and diminished activities of pathophysiological enzymes such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The antihyperglycaemic nature of SAC is also evidenced from the improvement in the levels of plasma insulin and haemoglobin. Further, the results are comparable with glyclazide, an oral standard drug. A 150 mg/kg b.w. dose produced a better effect than a 100 mg dose. Thus, the present findings suggest that SAC may be considered as an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

• MeSH
• Garlic chemistry   MeSH
• Cysteine analogs & derivatives   isolation & purification   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus drug therapy   prevention & control   MeSH
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods   utilization   MeSH
• Animal Experimentation MeSH
• Hypoglycemic Agents metabolism   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Blood Glucose drug effects   MeSH
• Rats, Wistar MeSH
• Plant Extracts isolation & purification   metabolism   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   adverse effects   MeSH
• Body Weight MeSH
• Transaminases blood   drug effects   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Male MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Tables MeSH

• MeSH
• Acetylglucosamine analogs & derivatives   pharmacology   MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus drug therapy   metabolism   MeSH
• Animal Experimentation MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Flavonoids administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Liver drug effects   MeSH
• Kidney drug effects   MeSH
• Rats, Wistar MeSH
• Heart drug effects   MeSH
• Statistics as Topic methods   MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Thiobarbiturates administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Abstracts MeSH

Diabetes mellitus type 1 disease changes the activity of fatty acid degradation as compared to healthy animals. Supplementation in vitro with microelements chromium Cr3+ and selenium Se4+ and Se2- in non-toxic ([96.15 pmol (5 ppm) for chromium and 6.33 micromol (0.5 ppm) for selenium] concentrations strongly stimulates the activity of this process in diabetic rats. In healthy animals only chromium Cr3+ in concentration of 96.15 micromol (5 ppm) stimulated beta-oxidation activity in lymphocytes. It may indicate the beneficial effect of supplementation of the diet with microelements, chromium Cr3 and selenium Se4+ or Se2- at concentrations as low as 100 micromol for chromium and 6 micromol for selenium, respectively.

• MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 blood   metabolism   MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental diet therapy   metabolism   MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Weight Gain drug effects   MeSH
• Insulin metabolism   MeSH
• Blood Glucose metabolism   drug effects   MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Lymphocytes radiation effects   MeSH
• Fatty Acids pharmacokinetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Oxidation-Reduction drug effects   MeSH
• Rats, Wistar MeSH
• Dietary Supplements MeSH
• Chromium Compounds pharmacology   metabolism   MeSH
• Selenium Compounds pharmacology   metabolism   MeSH
• Trace Elements administration & dosage   metabolism   MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   metabolism   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Animals MeSH

The present study was designed to investigate the antihyperglycaemic effect of ethanolic extract of Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. (Sapindaceae) leaves on normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced into male albino Wistar rats by intraperitonial administration of STZ. The Cardiospermum halicacabum leaf extract (CHE) was administered orally at three different doses to normal and STZ-diabetic rats for 45 days. The diabetic rats showed an increase in levels of blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and a decrease in the levels of insulin and haemoglobin (Hb). In addition, diabetic rats showed a significant reduction in the activity of glucokinase and an elevation in the activities of gluconeogenic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase. Treatment with CHE significantly decreased plasma glucose and HbA1c, and increased the levels of insulin and Hb. CHE administration to diabetic rats reversed these enzyme activities in a significant manner. Thus, the results show that CHE possesses an antihyperglycaemic activity and provide evidence for its traditional usage in the control of diabetes. The 200 mg dose of the extract produced a better effect than 50 or 100 mg doses.

• MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental drug therapy   metabolism   MeSH
• Hypoglycemic Agents administration & dosage   metabolism   MeSH
• Data Interpretation, Statistical MeSH
• Insulin metabolism   MeSH
• Carbohydrate Metabolism genetics   radiation effects   MeSH
• Rats, Wistar metabolism   MeSH
• Plant Extracts metabolism   MeSH
• Sapindaceae metabolism   drug effects   MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   metabolism   MeSH

Hyperlipidaemia is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular complication in diabetes. A study was undertaken to evaluate the antihyperlipidaemic activity of pterostilbene. Oral administration of pterostilbene (40mg/kg bodyweight) to streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats for 6 weeks significantly reduced the elevated serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels and significantly increased the serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level. In addition, pterostilbene also significantly lowered the levels of triglycerides, phospholipids, free fatty acids and total cholesterol in the serum, liver and kidney of diabetic rats.

• MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy   complications   metabolism   MeSH
• Hypoglycemic Agents metabolism   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Hypolipidemic Agents metabolism   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Lipoproteins chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Fatty Acids metabolism   MeSH
• Lipid Metabolism Disorders complications   metabolism   MeSH
• Rats, Wistar metabolism   MeSH
• Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors metabolism   MeSH
• Stilbenes chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   metabolism   MeSH

• MeSH
• Acetylcysteine administration & dosage   MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus diagnosis   etiology   MeSH
• Research Support as Topic MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Myocardium metabolism   MeSH
• Streptozocin administration & dosage   MeSH
• Superoxide Dismutase metabolism   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Congress MeSH