Q112435605 Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Ciel: Hlavným cieľom našej práce bolo analyzovať vývoj dynamiky kliešťovej encefalitídy (KE) v súvislosti s klimatickými podmienkami na Slovensku v rokoch 2012–2016. Materiál a metódy: Analýzu sme realizovali na základe údajov poskytnutých Epidemiologickým informačným systémom a Slovenským hydrometeorologickým ústavom. Sledovaný súbor tvorilo 639 pacientov s potvrdenou diagnózou. Výsledky: Najvyšší výskyt KE bol zaznamenaný v roku 2016. Najvyššia štandardizovaná chorobnosť KE bola v okresoch Trenčianskeho, Žilinského a Banskobystrického kraja. Vzťah KE k teplote vzduchu ukázal, že najviac prípadov KE bolo zaznamenaných pri teplote vzduchu 10–20 °C v mesiacoch máj až október v rokoch 2012–2016. Vzťah medzi teplotou vzduchu a počtom dní so snehovou pokrývkou a počtom prípadov KE sa preukázal ako štatisticky významný (p-hodnota < 0,001). Existuje štatistický významný rozdiel v priemernom počte prípadov ochorenia podľa kategórie teploty vzduchu (p-hodnota = 0,03). Toto ochorenie sa vyskytuje najmä v okresoch s nadmorskou výškou 200–400 m n. m. Dynamika KE na Slovensku je dvojvrcholová s poklesom v auguste. Hlavná sezóna ochorenia trvá od mája do októbra, pričom vrcholí počas letných mesiacov jún a júl. Záver: Výsledky štúdie poukazujú na prognózu vývoja ochorenia v súvislosti s teplotou vzduchu. Na základe zistení, že v posledných rokoch pozorujeme na Slovensku mierne stúpajúci trend KE v dôsledku klimatických zmien, je toto ochorenie považované za pretrvávajúci problém verejného zdravia.
Objectives: The main aim of our work was to analyse the development of the dynamics of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in connection with climatic conditions in Slovakia in 2012–2016. Material and Methods: We performed the analysis based on the data provided by the Epidemiological Information System and the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute. The study group consisted of 639 patients with confirmed diagnosis. Results: The highest incidence of TBE was recorded in 2016. The highest standardized incidence rate of TBE was in the districts of the Trenčín, Žilina and Banská Bystrica regions. The relation of TBE to air temperature showed that most cases of TBE were recorded at an air temperature of 10–20 °C during the months of May to October in 2012–2016. The relationship between air temperature and number of days with snow cover and the number of TBE cases proved to be statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). There is a statistically significant difference in the average number of disease cases according to the air temperature category (p-value = 0.03). This disease occurs mainly in districts with an altitude of 200–400 m a. s. l. The dynamics of TBE in Slovakia is two-peaked with a decline in August. The main season of the disease lasts from May to October, peaking during the summer months of June and July. Conclusion: The results of the study point to a prognosis of the development of the disease in connection with air temperature. Based on the findings that in recent years we have observed a slightly increasing trend of TBE in Slovakia due to climate change, this disease is considered a persistent public health problem.
- MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- klíšťová encefalitida * epidemiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- meteorologické pojmy * MeSH
- nadmořská výška MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
AIM: Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a major public health problem. Although they are well studied, information on some aspects, such as the place of occurrence, is limited. The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of severity, causes and outcomes of TBI occurring at different locations and to identify the primary populations at risk of suffering TBI at each of the analysed locations. METHODS: 1,818 patients with TBI admitted to hospitals in Austria, Slovakia, Croatia, Bosnia, and Macedonia were analysed. Primary populations at risk, injury severity and extent along with short/long-term outcomes were analysed for TBI at each location. RESULTS: The highest mean age (57.9 years, p<0.001) was observed in injuries at home. The distribution of injury causes across the group was significantly different (p<0.001), with falls (39%) and traffic accidents (30%) being predominant. TBI occurring on roads or highways were the most severe (mean ISS=32.5, p<0.001; mean GCS=7.8, p<0.001). Injuries at home had the worst outcome (50% mortality, p<0.001 and 70% unfavourable outcome, p<0.001) whereas TBI at sport facilities or outdoors had the best outcome (24% mortality, 44% unfavourable outcome). When adjusted for age and severity, TBI occurring at home had the highest odds of mortality (OR=3.12, 95% CI=1.86-5.25) and unfavourable outcome (OR=2.51, 95% CI=1.54-4.08), compared to sports facility and outdoors as a reference. CONCLUSIONS: TBI at different locations display distinctive patterns as to causes, severity, outcome and populations at risk. Location is therefore a relevant epidemiological aspect of TBI and we advocate its inclusion in future studies. Definitions of primary populations at risk at different locations could help in targeted public health actions.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- Glasgowská stupnice kómat MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poranění mozku epidemiologie etiologie prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- skóre závažnosti úrazu MeSH
- veřejné zdravotnictví * MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Bosna a Hercegovina MeSH
- Chorvatsko MeSH
- Rakousko MeSH
- Republika Severní Makedonie MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and especially coronary heart disease (CHD) are the main causes of death in the Slovak Republic (SR). The aim of this study is to explore trends in age-adjusted coronary heart disease mortality rates in the whole Slovak population and in the population of working age between the years 1993 and 2009. A related indicator - potential years of life lost (PYLL) due to CHD--was calculated in the same period for males and females. Crude CHD mortality rates were age-adjusted using European standard population. The joinpoint Poisson regression was performed in order to find out the annual percentage change in trends. The age-adjusted CHD mortality rates decreased in the Slovak population and also in the population of working age. The change was significant only within the working-age sub-group. We found that partial diagnoses (myocardial infarction and chronic ischaemic heart disease) developed in the mirror-like manner. PYLL per 100,000 decreased during the observed period and the decline was more prominent in males. For further research we recommend to focus on several other issues, namely, to examine the validity of cause of death codes, to examine the development of mortality rates in selected age groups, to find out the cause of differential development of mortality rates in the Slovak Republic in comparison with the Czech Republic and Poland, and to explain the causes of decrease of the age-adjusted CHD mortality rates in younger age groups in Slovakia.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- infarkt myokardu mortalita MeSH
- ischemická choroba srdeční mortalita MeSH
- koronární nemoc epidemiologie mortalita MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- tabulky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Polsko MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Background: The question of the health status of the unemployed in the Slovak Republic is a relatively unexplored area of study, in spite of the fact that the country has experienced one of the most consistently high unemployment rates among the 27 states of the EU. The aim of the pilot study was to identify the health and the other impacts of unemployment on the population in the region of Zvolen. Methods: two groups of respondents were studied: the long-term unemployed and a control group of the employed. The data was collected using the guided-interview questionnaire procedure. A total of 214 respondents were observed out of which 107 were from the long-term unemployed group and 107 from the control group. There were 83 male (38.8%) and 131 female respondents (61.2%). The average age of the group was 36.0 (CI95% = 33.8–38.3). Results: Using logistic regression, it was established that the chances of finding a job were 1.08 times greater in cases of a higher level of education (OR = 1.08, CI95% = 1.04–1.12, P ? 0,001). It was also established that smoking decreases the chances of finding employment by OR = 0.91 (CI95% = 0.83–0.98) times (P ? 0.01). People who are employed consume more alcohol attaining OR = 1.28 (CI95% = 1.21–1.35) compared to the unemployed (P ? 0.0001). Conclusion: The study proved that even with restricted resources it is possible to obtain credible results comparable with those achieved by more complex studies.
- Klíčová slova
- unemployment, health, perception of health,
- MeSH
- disparity zdravotního stavu MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kouření MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nezaměstnanost MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- pití alkoholu MeSH
- rozhovory jako téma MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- zdravé chování MeSH
- zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
- zdravotnické přehledy MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
- MeSH
- biomedicínský výzkum MeSH
- digoxin krev MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- infarkt myokardu krev moč MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- radioimunoanalýza využití MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční katetrizace využití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
