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Testicular cancer is the most common form of cancer in young men of reproductive age and its incidence is increasing globally. With the currently successful treatment and 95% survival rate, there is a need for deeper understanding of testicular cancer-related infertility. Most patients with testicular cancer experience semen abnormalities prior to cancer therapy. However, the exact mechanism of the effect of testicular cancer on sperm anomalies is not known. Mitochondria are organelles that play a crucial role in both tumorigenesis and spermatogenesis and their malfunction may be an important factor resulting in sperm abnormalities in testicular cancer patients. Within the scope of this review, we will discuss current knowledge of testicular cancer-related alterations in the ATP production pathway, a possible pathophysiological switch from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis, as well as the role of oxidative stress promoting sperm dysfunction. In this regard, the review provides a summary of the impact of testicular cancer on sperm quality as a possible consequence of impaired mitochondrial function including the energy metabolic pathways that are known to be altered in the sperm of testicular cancer patients.
Cíl: Analýza vlivu zvaní žen ke screeningové mamografii a formy tohoto zvaní na efektivitu zavedeného screeningového programu karcinomu prsu v České republice. Metodika: Dotazníkové šetření provedené v rámci všech 73 akreditovaných screeningových center v České republice. Zhodnocení odpovědí na otázky týkající se vlastní iniciativy jednotlivých pracovišť ve zvaní klientek a zvolené strategie zvaní, časové periodicity a metody selekce plošného vyhledávání cílové populace žen. Srovnání indikátoru „návratu žen do screeningu“ mezi centry aktivně vyhledávající své klientky a centry, které své pacientky neoslovují. Výsledky: Z celkového počtu oslovených screeningových center činila návratnost zaslaného dotazníku 97 % (71 respondentů). Aktivní vyhledávání cílové populace žen ke screeningové mamografii s využitím různých forem a informačních systémů praktikuje zhruba polovina center, ve většině případů po uplynutí dvouletého intervalu od předchozího vyšetření. Většina center se rovněž setkala s příznivou odezvou ze strany pacientek. Zhodnocením indikátoru „návratu žen do screeningu“ byl potvrzen jednoznačně pozitivní dopad na účast cílové populace žen ve screeningovém programu. U center, která zvou své klientky, sledujeme vyšší účast žen na dalším screenin- govém vyšetření, a to zhruba o 10 p. b. Závěr: Využití osvěty a aktivního vyhledávání pacientek vede k dalšímu zvýšení efektivity zavedeného screeningového programu karcinomu prsu.
Aim: Impact analysis of the invitation women to screening mammography and strategies of the invitation on the effectiveness of breast cancer screening programme in the Czech Republic. Methods: Questionnaire survey including 73 certified breast cancer screening centers in the Czech Republic. Evaluation of the answers to the questions focused on the specific form of established invitation strategy, time periodicity and the method of selection of the target female population. Comparison of „the return of women to screening programme indicator“ between the centers using active invitation strategy and those that do not. Results: Out of the total number of participated screening centers, the return rate of the sent questionnaire surveys was 97% (71 respondents). Active invitation strategy of the target female population for screening mammography using various forms and information systems is practiced by about half of the certfied screening centers, in most cases after a two-year time period since the previous examination. Most centers also accepted a favorable response from the patients. The analysis of „the return of women to screening programme indicator“ confirmed a clearly positive impact of the active invitation strategy on the female participation in breast cancer screening programme. Centers, that invite their clients, achieve a higher participation of women in the next screening examination, by about 10 p.p. Conclusions: The use of education and active search of patients leads to further increase the effectiveness of established breast cancer screening programme.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of using meiotic spindle (MS) visibility and relative position to the polar body (PB) as indicators of oocyte maturation in order to optimize intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) timing. This was a cohort study of patients younger than 40 years with planned ICSI, the timing of which was determined by MS status, compared with those without MS evaluation. The angle between PB and MS and MS visibility were evaluated by optical microscope with polarizing filter. Oocytes with MS evaluation were fertilized according to MS status either 5-6 h after ovum pick-up (OPU) or 7-8 h after OPU. Oocytes without MS evaluation were all fertilized 5-6 h after OPU. For patients over 35 years visualization of MS influenced pregnancy rate (PR): 182 patients with MS visualization had 32% PR (58/182); while 195 patients without MS visualization had 24% PR (47/195). For patients under 35 years, visualization of MS did not influence PR: 140 patients with MS visualization had 41% PR (58/140), while 162 patients without MS visualization had 41% PR (66/162). Visualization of MS therefore appears to be a useful parameter for assessment of oocyte maturity and ICSI timing for patients older than 35.
- MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * MeSH
- dieta s vysokým obsahem tuků škodlivé účinky MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- hematotestikulární bariéra MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech * MeSH
- mužská infertilita * genetika MeSH
- myši MeSH
- protaminy MeSH
- protein obsahující valosin MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Increasing infertility, due to pathological changes on sperm, has become a serious issue. Eco-toxicological effect of rising concentration of fluorides can be enhanced in the presence of aluminium ions by forming fluorometallic complexes, analogues of phosphate groups that interfere with the activity of G-proteins and P-type ATPases, which are part of several signalling pathways during sperm maturation. In order for sperm to gain fertilizing ability, they must undergo in the female reproductive tract, capacitation that includes tyrosine phosphorylation and consequent actin polymerization. The present paper reports the findings of 3-month oral toxicity in mice of fluorides at the concentrations 0, 1, 10, and 100ppm and their synergic action with aluminium at dose of 10ppm. There were no mortalities, clinical signs of discomfort or body weight loss during the experiment. The analysis revealed, for the concentrations of 10 and 100ppm, abnormalities of spermatogenesis and ability of epididymal spermatozoa to capacitate in vitro, as the result of decreased sperm head tyrosine phosphorylation and actin polymerization. The enhancing overload caused by fluorides represents a potential factor, having an impact on function of sperm, hence contributing to a growing infertility in the human population.
- MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- fluoridy toxicita MeSH
- hliník toxicita MeSH
- kapacitace spermií účinky léků MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch toxicita MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- spermie účinky léků MeSH
- testis patologie účinky léků MeSH
- velikost orgánu účinky léků MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
