MicroRNA jsou krátké (18-24 nukleotidů) nekódující, velmi stabilní molekuly RNA, jejichž funkce zahrnuje vše od regulace klíčových signálních drah na molekulární úrovni až po rychlou buněčnou odpověď organismu na patologické stavy. microRNA jsou stabilní v tělních tekutinách a představují velmi perspektivní diagnostický cíl pro včasnou identifikaci široké škály onemocnění. V tomto souhrnném článku je uveden přehled kandidátních diagnostických miRNA vhodných pro využití v diagnostice onkologické kardiotoxicity.

MicroRNAs are very stable short (18-24) noncoding RNAs. The function of miRNA molecules includes everything from the regulation of key signalling pathways at the molecular level to the rapid cellular response to pathological conditions. miRNAs are stable in body fluids and represent a very promising diagnostic targets for the early identification of a wide range of diseases. This summary article provides an overview of candidate diagnostic miRNAs suitable for use in the diagnosis of oncological cardiotoxicity.

Diclofenac is a drug commonly used in human and veterinary medicine for the treatment of diseases associated with inflammation and pain. Medicinal products enter waste and surface waters on an everyday basis and contaminate the aquatic environment. Fish are therefore permanently exposed to these chemicals dissolved in their aquatic environment. To simulate variable environmental conditions, the aim of our study was to examine adverse effects of diclofenac under different temperatures of cell incubation (18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 °C). Cyto-toxic and -static effects of diclofenac in concentrations of 0.001 mcg/ml, 0.01 microg/ml, 0.1 mcg/ml, 1 mcg/ml, 10 mcg/ml and 100 mcg/ml for the carp (Cyprinuscarpio) cultured leukocytes were quantified using detection of lactate dehydrogenase released from damaged cells. Overall DCF cytotoxicity was relatively low and its impact was pronounced at higher temperature and DCF concentration. Cells growth inhibition is changing more rapidly but it is high mainly at the highest concentration from low temperature. DNA fragmentation was not detected in tested leukocyte cell line. CYP450 increased diclofenac cytotoxicity only at the highest concentration but at incubation temperatures 18 and 27 °C. Leukocyte viability is essential for immune functions and any change can lead to reduction of resistance against pathogens, mainly in cold year seasons, when the immune system is naturally suppressed.

• MeSH
• antiflogistika nesteroidní toxicita   MeSH
• diklofenak toxicita   MeSH
• kapři imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• leukocyty účinky léků   imunologie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Specimens archived in wet collections represent valuable material for scientific research. Here, we show that bat fly (Diptera, Nycteribiidae) samples contain DNA of Pseudogymnoascus destructans, a fungus pathogenic to bats. Using dual-probe quantitative PCR, we detected P. destructans DNA on bat flies collected in the Samara, Sverdlovsk and Irkutsk regions of Russia between 2005 and 2017. Fungal load was significantly lower on bat flies from wet collections than on freshly collected mites in the Czech Republic. The bat pathogen was present in the Samara region (European part of Russia) in 2005, that is, a year before recognition of white-nose syndrome in North America. As Samara and Irkutsk regions were identified as new positive locations of P. destructans, our data expand the known geographic distribution of P. destructans. We conclude that ethanol-stored ectoparasites can be used to identify the presence of pathogens in historic bat populations and understudied geographical regions.

• MeSH
• Ascomycota genetika   izolace a purifikace   patogenita   MeSH
• Chiroptera parazitologie   MeSH
• členovci - vektory mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Diptera mikrobiologie   MeSH
• DNA fungální genetika   MeSH
• infestace ektoparazity epidemiologie   MeSH
• kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• mykózy epidemiologie   MeSH
• parazitární zátěž MeSH
• uchovávání tkání MeSH
• zeměpis MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Rusko epidemiologie   MeSH

BACKGROUND: Spatiotemporal distribution patterns are important infectious disease epidemiological characteristics that improve our understanding of wild animal population health. The skin infection caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans emerged as a panzootic disease in bats of the northern hemisphere. However, the infection status of bats over an extensive geographic area of the Russian Federation has remained understudied. RESULTS: We examined bats at the geographic limits of bat hibernation in the Palearctic temperate zone and found bats with white-nose syndrome (WNS) on the European slopes of the Ural Mountains through the Western Siberian Plain, Central Siberia and on to the Far East. We identified the diagnostic symptoms of WNS based on histopathology in the Northern Ural region at 11° (about 1200 km) higher latitude than the current northern limit in the Nearctic. While body surface temperature differed between regions, bats at all study sites hibernated in very cold conditions averaging 3.6 °C. Each region also differed in P. destructans fungal load and the number of UV fluorescent skin lesions indicating skin damage intensity. Myotis bombinus, M. gracilis and Murina hilgendorfi were newly confirmed with histopathological symptoms of WNS. Prevalence of UV-documented WNS ranged between 16 and 76% in species of relevant sample size. CONCLUSIONS: To conclude, the bat pathogen P. destructans is widely present in Russian hibernacula but infection remains at low intensity, despite the high exposure rate.

• MeSH
• Ascomycota * MeSH
• Chiroptera * klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• dermatomykózy epidemiologie   veterinární   MeSH
• divoká zvířata MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• hibernace MeSH
• molekulární typizace MeSH
• nos * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Rusko epidemiologie   MeSH

• MeSH
• Chiroptera * krev   MeSH
• Gammaherpesvirinae * patogenita   MeSH
• herpetické infekce přenos   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH