lithiation
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
Periodontal disease is a significant burden for oral health, causing progressive and irreversible damage to the support structure of the tooth. This complex structure, the periodontium, is composed of interconnected soft and mineralised tissues, posing a challenge for regenerative approaches. Materials combining silicon and lithium are widely studied in periodontal regeneration, as they stimulate bone repair via silicic acid release while providing regenerative stimuli through lithium activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Yet, existing materials for combined lithium and silicon release have limited control over ion release amounts and kinetics. Porous silicon can provide controlled silicic acid release, inducing osteogenesis to support bone regeneration. Prelithiation, a strategy developed for battery technology, can introduce large, controllable amounts of lithium within porous silicon, but yields a highly reactive material, unsuitable for biomedicine. This work debuts a strategy to lithiate porous silicon nanowires (LipSiNs) which generates a biocompatible and bioresorbable material. LipSiNs incorporate lithium to between 1% and 40% of silicon content, releasing lithium and silicic acid in a tailorable fashion from days to weeks. LipSiNs combine osteogenic, cementogenic and Wnt/β-catenin stimuli to regenerate bone, cementum and periodontal ligament fibres in a murine periodontal defect.
- MeSH
- beta-katenin * MeSH
- křemík farmakologie MeSH
- kyselina křemičitá farmakologie MeSH
- lithium farmakologie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nanodráty * MeSH
- poréznost MeSH
- zubní cement (tkáň) MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Addition of lithiated methoxyallene to aziridine derivatives provided the expected primary addition products. The less substituted carbon of the aziridine ring was attacked selectively. The primary adducts could be converted to enantiopure piperidine derivatives or ß-amino acid derivatives. The unexpected reactions lead to a tricyclic sulfonamide and to alkynyl-substituted aminoethers. The efficient two-step conversion of a piperidone derivative to a benzomorphan demonstrates the potential of this approach to biologically active compounds.
Autoři v článku prezentují epidemiologii, rizikové faktory přispívající ke vzniku urolitiáz, věnují se dále laboratornímu vyšetření u litiatiků, včetně problematiky analýzy složení konkrementů a jeho významu. Hlavním cílem článku je předložení metod neinvazivní léčby jednotlivých typů litiázy, především metafylaxe u pacientů s litiázou, a to jak režimových opatřeních, tak i užití farmak, které přispívají ke snížení četností recidiv litiázy, ale i komplikacím, které jsou s tímto onemocněním spojené.
The authors present the epidemiology, risk factors contributing to the development of urolithiasis, laboratory examination in lithiatic patients, including the analysis of the composition of concrements and its significance. The main goal of the article is to present the methods of non-invasive treatment of different types of lithiasis, especially metaphylaxis in patients with lithiasis, both regimen measures and the use of drugs that contribute to reducing the frequency of recurrences of lithiasis, as well as complications associated with this disease
- MeSH
- alopurinol farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- analýza moči metody MeSH
- cystinurie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- difrakce rentgenového záření metody MeSH
- diuretika farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- hydroxyapatit terapeutické užití MeSH
- hyperkalciurie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- hyperoxalurie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- hyperurikemie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- infekce močového ústrojí etiologie komplikace MeSH
- kaliumcitrát farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- kaménky etiologie klasifikace terapie MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxaláty škodlivé účinky MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- urolitiáza * diagnóza farmakoterapie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- vápník dietní terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Modification of the carbohydrate scaffold is an important theme in drug and vaccine discovery. Therefore, the preparation of novel types of glycomimetics is of interest in synthetic carbohydrate chemistry. In this manuscript, we present an early investigation of the synthesis, structure, and conformational behaviour of (1→1)-Si-disaccharides as a novel type of glycomimetics arising from the replacement of interglycosidic oxygen with a dimethyl-, methylpropyl-, or diisopropylsilyl linkage. We accomplished the preparation of this unusual group of umpoled compounds by the reaction of lithiated glycal or 2-oxyglycal units with dialkyldichlorosilanes. We demonstrated the good stability of the "Si-glycosidic" linkage under acidic conditions even at elevated temperatures. Next, we described the conformational landscape of these compounds by the combination of in silico modelling with spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. Finally, we explained the observed conformational flexibility of these compounds by the absence of gauche stabilizing effects that are typically at play in natural carbohydrates.
