Wetland plants are considered as suitable biofilters for the removal of metal(loid)s and other contaminants from waters and wastewaters, due to their ability to accumulate and retain the contaminants in their roots. The iron plaque (IP) on the root surface influences the metal(loid)s retention processes. The stimulation of the IP development on roots of Phragmites australis by the external supply of a novel synthetic nanomaterial (nanomaghemite, nFe2O3) and FeSO4 (alone or in combination) was studied. An hydroponic experiment was carried out to evaluate the iron plaque formation after external iron addition, as well as their influence on arsenic immobilization capacity. Microscopic and spectroscopic techniques were utilized to assess the distribution of Fe and As in the roots. The addition of Fe stimulated the generation of the IP, especially when FeSO4 was involved. The nanoparticles alone were not efficient with regard to IP formation or As adsorption, even though they adhered to the root surface and did not enter into epithelial root cells. The combination of FeSO4 and nFe2O3 was the most effective treatment for improving the As removal capacity, and it seems to be an effective way to enhance the rhizofiltration potential of P. australis in As contaminated (waste)waters.

• Klíčová slova
• Common reed, Iron (II), Nano-oxides, Nanomaghemite, Roots iron distribution, SEM analysis,
• MeSH
• arsen metabolismus   MeSH
• biodegradace MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu metabolismus   MeSH
• hydroponie MeSH
• kořeny rostlin metabolismus   MeSH
• lipnicovité metabolismus   MeSH
• mokřady MeSH
• nanočástice MeSH
• železité sloučeniny metabolismus   MeSH
• železnaté sloučeniny analýza   MeSH
• železo metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Španělsko MeSH
• Názvy látek
• arsen MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• železité sloučeniny MeSH
• železnaté sloučeniny MeSH
• železo MeSH

Iron is very important element for functioning of the brain. Its concentration changes with aging the brain or during disease. The aim of our work was the histological examination of content of ferritin and free iron (unbound) in brain cortex in association with Abeta plaques from their earliest stages of accumulation in amyloid plaque forming APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Light microscopy revealed the onset of plaques formation at 8-monthage. Detectable traces of free iron and no ferritin were found around plaques at this age, while the rate of their accumulation in and around Abeta plaques was elevated at 13 months of age. Ferritin accumulated mainly on the edge of Abeta plaques, while the smaller amount of free iron was observed in the plaque-free tissue, as well as in and around Abeta plaques. We conclude that free iron and ferritin accumulation follows the amyloid plaques formation. Quantification of cortical iron and ferritin content can be an important marker in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc metabolismus   MeSH
• amyloidní plaky metabolismus   MeSH
• ferritiny metabolismus   MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• mozková kůra metabolismus   MeSH
• myši transgenní MeSH
• železo metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ferritiny MeSH
• železo MeSH

The escalating problem of compound arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils necessitates the urgency for effective remediation strategies. This is compounded by the opposing geochemical behaviors of As and Cd in soil, and the efficacy of biochar treatment remains unclear. This pioneering study integrated 3780 observation pairs referred from 92 peer-reviewed articles to investigate the impact of iron-modified biochar on As and Cd responses across diverse soil environments. Regarding the treatments, 1) biochar significantly decreased the exchangeable and acid-soluble fraction of As (AsF1, 20.9%) and Cd (CdF1, 24.0%) in paddy fields; 2) iron-modified biochar significantly decreased AsF1 (32.0%) and CdF1 (27.4%); 3) iron-modified biochar in paddy fields contributed to the morphological changes in As and Cd, mainly characterized by a decrease in AsF1 (36.5%) and CdF1 (36.3%) and an increase in the reducible fraction of As (19.7%) and Cd (39.2%); and 4) iron-modified biochar in paddy fields increased As (43.1%) and Cd (53.7%) concentrations in the iron plaque on root surfaces. We conclude that iron-modified biochar treatment of paddy fields is promising in remediating As and Cd contamination by promoting the formation of iron plaque.

• Klíčová slova
• Arsenic, Biochar, Cadmium, Iron plaque, Meta-analysis,
• MeSH
• arsen * chemie   MeSH
• dřevěné a živočišné uhlí chemie   MeSH
• kadmium chemie   MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu * analýza   MeSH
• půda chemie   MeSH
• rýže (rod) * MeSH
• železo chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• arsen * MeSH
• biochar MeSH Prohlížeč
• dřevěné a živočišné uhlí MeSH
• kadmium MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu * MeSH
• půda MeSH
• železo MeSH

Ferritin and increased iron stores first appeared on the list of cardiovascular risk factors more than 30 years ago and their causal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has been heavily discussed since the early 1990s. It seems that besides traditional factors such as hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, physical inactivity, smoking and family history, high iron stores represent an additional parameter that could modify individual cardiovascular risk. The role of iron in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis was originally primarily associated with its ability to catalyze the formation of highly reactive free oxygen radicals and the oxidation of atherogenic lipoproteins. Later, it became clear that the mechanism is more complex. Atherosclerosis is a chronic fibroproliferative inflammatory process and iron, through increased oxidation stress as well as directly, can control both native and adaptive immune responses. Within the arterial wall, iron affects all of the cell types that participate in the atherosclerotic process (monocytes/macrophages, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and platelets). Most intracellular iron is bound in ferritin, whereas redox-active iron forms labile iron pool. Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages within arterial plaque differ with regard to the amount of intracellular iron and most probably with regard to their labile iron pool. Yet, the relation between plasma ferritin and intracellular labile iron pool has not been fully clarified. Data from population studies document that the consumption of meat and lack of physical activity contribute to increased iron stores. Patients with hereditary hemochromatosis, despite extreme iron storage, do not show increased manifestation of atherosclerosis probably due to the low expression of hepcidin in macrophages.

• MeSH
• ateroskleróza krev   diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• hemochromatóza krev   diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci krev   diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• makrofágy metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• oxidační stres fyziologie   MeSH
• železo krev   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• železo MeSH

Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), or systemic amyloidosis, are characterized by the specific protein transformation from the native state to stable insoluble deposits, e.g., amyloid plaques. The design of potential therapeutic agents and drugs focuses on the destabilization of the bonds in their beta-rich structures. Surprisingly, ferritin derivatives have recently been proposed to destabilize fibril structures. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fluorescence spectrophotometry, we confirmed the destructive effect of reconstructed ferritin (RF) and magnetoferritin (MF) on lysosome amyloid fibrils (LAF). The presence of iron was shown to be the main factor responsible for the destruction of LAF. Moreover, we found that the interaction of RF and MF with LAF caused a significant increase in the release of potentially harmful ferrous ions. Zeta potential and UV spectroscopic measurements of LAF and ferritin derivative mixtures revealed a considerable difference in RF compared to MF. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of fibril destabilization by ferritin-like proteins. From this point of view, ferritin derivatives seem to have a dual effect: therapeutic (fibril destruction) and adverse (oxidative stress initiated by increased Fe2+ release). Thus, ferritins may play a significant role in various future biomedical applications.

• Klíčová slova
• destruction, ferritin, iron release, lysozyme amyloid fibrils, magnetoferritin, reconstructed ferritin,
• MeSH
• amyloid * metabolismus   MeSH
• ferritiny MeSH
• muramidasa * chemie   MeSH
• železo metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• amyloid * MeSH
• ferritiny MeSH
• magnetoferritin MeSH Prohlížeč
• muramidasa * MeSH
• železo MeSH

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder presenting one of the biggest healthcare challenges in developed countries. No effective treatment exists. In recent years the main focus of AD research has been on the amyloid hypothesis, which postulates that extracellular precipitates of beta amyloid (Aβ) derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP) are responsible for the cognitive impairment seen in AD. Treatment strategies have been to reduce Aβ production through inhibition of enzymes responsible for its formation, or to promote resolution of existing cerebral Aβ plaques. However, these approaches have failed to demonstrate significant cognitive improvements. Intracellular rather than extracellular events may be fundamental in AD pathogenesis. Selenate is a potent inhibitor of tau hyperphosphorylation, a critical step in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. Some selenium (Se) compounds e.g. selenoprotein P also appear to protect APP against excessive copper and iron deposition. Selenoproteins show anti-inflammatory properties, and protect microtubules in the neuronal cytoskeleton. Optimal function of these selenoenzymes requires higher Se intake than what is common in Europe and also higher intake than traditionally recommended. Supplementary treatment with N-acetylcysteine increases levels of the antioxidative cofactor glutathione and can mediate adjuvant protection. The present review discusses the role of Se in AD treatment and suggests strategies for AD prevention by optimizing selenium intake, in accordance with the metal dysregulation hypothesis. This includes in particular secondary prevention by selenium supplementation to elderly with mild cognitive impairment.

• Klíčová slova
• Alzheimer’s disease, Copper, Iron, Neuroinflammation, Selenium, Transmitters,
• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc dietoterapie   farmakoterapie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   MeSH
• potravní doplňky * MeSH
• sloučeniny selenu aplikace a dávkování   metabolismus   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• zánět farmakoterapie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• sloučeniny selenu MeSH

A high percentage of the broad spectrum of contaminants in aquatic environments is represented by personal care products (PCPs). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is contained in the formulation of many of these products. The extensive use of PVA caused the annual release of over 65.000 tons into the environment, constituting 1.2 % of particles in the Mediterranean Sea. For these reasons, the study aimed to investigate, for the first time in bivalve species, the possible cytotoxicity implications on non-target species, involved in the human food chain, caused by exposure to two different concentrations of PVA (PVA1: 0.1 mg L-1 and PVA2: 10 mg L-1). Following a fortnight of exposure, cell viability, regulation of cell volume decrease, oxidative stress, and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Moreover, the capability of the animal to produce byssal plaques was observed, representing a novelty for assessing the health status of mussels. The results showed a modification in the regulatory capacity of cell volume, particularly in those exposed to PVA2. An alteration in the superoxide dismutase activity (in PVA2) and in the levels of oxidatively modified proteins (PVA1 and PVA2) was detected in gills. A modification in the byssal plaque production following PVA exposure was also observed. These findings enrich the knowledge about the interaction between PVA and organisms, underscoring further research's need to elucidate the environmental implications.

• Klíčová slova
• Aquatic pollution, Marine environment, Mussels, Water-soluble polymer,
• MeSH
• antioxidancia * metabolismus   MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * toxicita   MeSH
• Mytilus * účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   MeSH
• polyvinylalkohol * toxicita   MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa metabolismus   MeSH
• žábry účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia * MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * MeSH
• polyvinylalkohol * MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa MeSH

Platelets play a key role in thrombotic vascular occlusion at the side of an atherosclerotic plaque. Malondialdehyde (MDA) derivatives are components of oxidized LDL. Recent studies suggest enhanced adhesion of platelets on oxidized LDL, but evidence of MDA-modified LDL contribution to enhanced platelet adhesion is missing. The aim of this study was to investigate platelet adhesion on LDLs with various content of MDA and to analyze its physiological relevance. LDLs were isolated by hydroxyapatite chromatography then analyzed. MDA, vitamin E and vitamin A content was estimated by HPLC methods and adhesion of platelets on modified LDLs was assessed. Both MDA and hypochlorite reactions induced an increase of both malondialdehyde content and negative charge in LDLs preparations. In LDLs of iron-overloaded patients both MDA content and negative charge was also significantly increased. The analysis of data showed that enhanced negative charge of LDLs had only negligible influence on platelet adhesion. The binding of platelets on LDL particles modified by MDA resulted in an S-shape curve and was substantially enhanced by high levels of MDA in LDL preparations. Malondialdehyde content both in hypochlorite modified LDLs and in LDLs of iron-overloaded patient matched the lower part of the binding curve. The platelet adhesion on circulating LDLs modified in in vivo conditions of oxidation stress in blood of iron-overloaded patients depends with considerable certainty preferably on non-MDA derived changes in derivatized LDLs. On the other hand, oxidized LDLs in atherosclerotic lesions can be much more extensively modified by MDA resulting in surfaces with enhanced affinity to adhering platelets. Such LDLs may be accessible to platelets, due to endothelial denudation or plaque rupture.

• MeSH
• adhezivita trombocytů účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chromatografie metody   MeSH
• kyselina chlorná farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipoproteiny LDL chemie   izolace a purifikace   fyziologie   MeSH
• malondialdehyd metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kyselina chlorná MeSH
• lipoproteiny LDL MeSH
• malondialdehyd MeSH

Poly-(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) is an FDA-approved biodegradable polymer which has been widely used as a scaffold for tissue engineering applications. Collagen has been used as a coating material for bone contact materials, but relatively little interest has focused on biomimetic coating of PLGA with extracellular matrix components such as collagen and the glycosaminoglycan chondroitin sulfate (CS). In this study, PLGA films were coated with collagen type I or collagen I with CS (collagen I/CS) to investigate the effect of CS on the behaviour of the osteoblastic cell line MG 63. Collagen I/CS coatings promoted a significant increase in cell number after 3 days (in comparison to PLGA) and after 7 days (in comparison to PLGA and collagen-coated PLGA). No influence of collagen I or collagen I/CS coatings on the spreading area after 1 day of culture was observed. However, the cells on collagen I/CS formed numerous filopodia and displayed well developed vinculin-containing focal adhesion plaques. Moreover, these cells contained a significantly higher concentration of osteocalcin, measured per mg of protein, than the cells on the pure collagen coating. Thus, it can be concluded that collagen I/CS coatings promote MG 63 cell proliferation, improve cell adhesion and enhance osteogenic cell differentiation.

• MeSH
• biokompatibilní potahované materiály chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• buněčné inženýrství metody   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• chondroitinsulfáty chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• kolagen typu I chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• kopolymer kyseliny glykolové a mléčné MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• kyselina mléčná chemie   MeSH
• kyselina polyglykolová chemie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osteoblasty cytologie   účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• osteogeneze účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• tkáňové podpůrné struktury MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní potahované materiály MeSH
• chondroitinsulfáty MeSH
• kolagen typu I MeSH
• kopolymer kyseliny glykolové a mléčné MeSH
• kyselina mléčná MeSH
• kyselina polyglykolová MeSH

Lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) contamination seriously threatens agricultural production and food safety. This study aims to investigate Pb and Cu induced hormetic effect and toxicity mechanisms in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and establish reliable empirical models of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) transfer in the soil-plant system. The content and distribution of Pb and Cu at subcellular levels in lettuce plants were examined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, differential centrifugation and micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The PTE-loaded capacity of Pb that ensures food safety was lower than that of Cu in the studied soil, but the PTE-loaded capacity of Pb that limits yield was higher than that of Cu. Lead in lettuce roots mainly accumulated in the cell wall (41%), while Cu mainly accumulated in the vacuoles (46%). The Pb and Cu were primarily distributed in the radicle of lettuce seeds under severe PTE stress, resulting in no seed development. Iron plaque formed on the root surface of lettuce seedlings and sequestered Pb and Cu via chelation. At the same concentration, lettuce was less tolerant to Cu in contaminated soil than Pb due to the higher activity of Cu ions in the soil. Lead was more phytotoxic to lettuce than Cu, however, since the radicle emerged from the seed under severe Cu levels, while it did not protrude under severe Pb levels. The potentially damaging effect of Pb in the visually healthy lettuce appeared to be higher than that of Cu under the same soil contamination level.

• Klíčová slova
• PTE-loaded capacity, Potentially toxic element, Safe lettuce production, Soil contamination, μ-XRF,
• MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu analýza   MeSH
• měď MeSH
• olovo MeSH
• půda MeSH
• salát (hlávkový) MeSH
• těžké kovy analýza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• látky znečišťující půdu MeSH
• měď MeSH
• olovo MeSH
• půda MeSH
• těžké kovy MeSH