Research in probiotics for aquaculture is at an early stage of development and much work is still needed. Lactiplantibacilli belong to the microorganisms most frequently used to prepare the probiotics. The available information is inconclusive, since few experiments with sufficiently robust design have been conducted to permit critical evaluation. The development of probiotics applicable to commercial use in aquaculture is a multistep and multidisciplinary process requiring both empirical and fundamental research, full-scale trials, and an economic assessment of its use. The aim of the study was to prepare a probiotic aquafeed via excipients and subsequently to observe the survival of probiotic bacterial cells in the feed during the nine months storage period at a refrigerator (4 °C) or room temperature (22 °C). The strain Lactobacillus plantarum R2 Biocenol (CCM 8674) (according to the new taxonomy Lactiplantibacillus plantarum), potentially usable as a probiotic in aquaculture, was administered to prepare the aquafeed. Better survival of probiotic bacterial cells was recorded in a samples of pellets A (Aquatex 41 HMD) compared to the samples of probiotic pellets B (Inicio 918-2). Since oxidation of fatty acids in feed affects the nutritional quality of individual feed components, we assume that higher amounts of oil in feed B negatively affected the survival of probiotic bacterial cells. The highest numbers of viable probiotic bacteria cells were recorded at 4 °C storage of probiotic feed samples. The number of lactiplantibacilli dropped from 7.30 log10CFU . g-1 to 5.57 log10CFU . g-1 after the nine months storage period of feed samples A at 4 °C. Temperature is considered as a critical factor influencing probiotic viability and survival during storage period.

• Klíčová slova
• Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, aquafeed, coating, excipients, viability,
• MeSH
• Lactobacillus plantarum * MeSH
• probiotika * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

An international standard already exists for the selective enumeration of bifidobacteria in milk products. This standard uses Transgalactosylated oligosaccharides (TOS) propionate agar supplemented with mupirocin. However, no such standard method has been described for the selective enumeration of bifidobacteria in probiotic supplements, where the presence of bifidobacteria is much more variable than in milk products. Therefore, we enumerated bifidobacteria by colony count technique in 13 probiotic supplements using three media supplemented with mupirocin (Mup; 100mg/l): TOS, Bifidobacteria selective medium (BSM) and modified Wilkins-Chalgren anaerobe agar with soya peptone (WSP). Moreover, the potential growth of bifidobacterial strains often used in probiotic products was performed in these media. All 13 products contained members of the genus Bifidobacterium, and tested mupirocin media were found to be fully selective for bifidobacteria. However, the type strain Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM 20456 and collection strain B. bifidum DSM 20239 showed statistically significant lower counts on TOS Mup media, compared to BSM Mup and WSP Mup media. Therefore, the TOS Mup medium recommended by the ISO standard cannot be regarded as a fully selective and suitable medium for the genus Bifidobacterium. In contrast, the BSM Mup and WSP Mup media supported the growth of all bifidobacterial species.

• Klíčová slova
• Bifidobacteria, Enumeration, Mupirocin, Probiotic supplements, Selective media,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální nálož metody   MeSH
• Bifidobacterium účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• kultivační média chemie   MeSH
• mupirocin metabolismus   MeSH
• počet mikrobiálních kolonií metody   MeSH
• probiotika analýza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• kultivační média MeSH
• mupirocin MeSH

The Lactobacillus casei strain, LOCK 0919, is intended for the dietary management of food allergies and atopic dermatitis (LATOPIC® BIOMED). The use of a probiotic to modulate immune responses is an interesting strategy for solving imbalance problems of gut microflora that may lead to various disorders. However, the exact bacterial signaling mechanisms underlying such modulations are still far from being understood. Here, we investigated variations in the chemical compositions and immunomodulatory properties of the polysaccharides (PS), L919/A and L919/B, which are produced by L. casei LOCK 0919. By virtue of their chemical features, such PS can modulate the immune responses to third-party antigens. Our results revealed that L919/A and L919/B could both modulate the immune response to Lactobacillus planatarum WCFS1, but only L919/B could alter the response of THP-1 cells (in terms of tumor necrosis factor alpha production) to L. planatarum WCFS1 and Escherichia coli Nissle 1917. The comprehensive immunochemical characterization is crucial for the understanding of the biological function as well as of the bacteria-host and bacteria-bacteria cross-talk.

• Klíčová slova
• Lactobacillus, NMR spectroscopy, immunomodulation, polysaccharide, probiotic,
• MeSH
• buněčná imunita účinky léků   MeSH
• Escherichia coli imunologie   MeSH
• imunologické faktory chemie   imunologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Lactobacillus casei chemie   imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polysacharidy chemie   imunologie   MeSH
• probiotika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• imunologické faktory MeSH
• polysacharidy MeSH

Colinfant New Born (CNB) is an orally administered probiotic preparation containing the Escherichia coli strain A0 34/86, which is specially marketed for use in newborns and infants. Although the impact of different probiotics on the composition of the human gut microbiota has been previously described, the effects of E. coli probiotic consumption during infancy on the development of intestinal microbiota are not known. The effect of oral administration of CNB on the Enterobacteriaceae population was mapped using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in DNA samples isolated from the stools of one infant collected at 177 different time points during the first year of life. E. coli strains turnover was analyzed based on the detection of 26 genetic determinants, phylogroups, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Administration of CNB during the second and third month of life introduced the Escherichia genus to the infant's intestinal tract, and Escherichia became dominant among the Enterobacteriaceae family (p < 0.01). Genetic determinants, typical for probiotic E. coli A0 34/86 strain, were detected on the first day after application of CNB and persisted all year. In addition, nine transient E. coli strains were identified; these strains harbored different genetic determinants and showed different PFGE profiles. Transient strains were detected from 2 to 24 days in the stool samples. The first Escherichia colonizer originated from the application of the CNB probiotic preparation. Probiotic E. coli A0 34/86 successfully colonized the intestinal tract of an infant and became resident during the first year of life.

• Klíčová slova
• Colinfant, E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, Probiotic, Sequencing,
• MeSH
• Escherichia coli * MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• probiotika aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• střeva mikrobiologie   MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra * MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The growing interest in a healthy lifestyle and in environmental protection is changing habits regarding food consumption and agricultural practices. Good agricultural practice is indispensable, particularly for raw vegetables, and can include the use of plant probiotic bacteria for the purpose of biofertilization. In this work we analysed the probiotic potential of the rhizobial strain PEPV40, identified as Rhizobium laguerreae through the analysis of the recA and atpD genes, on the growth of spinach plants. This strain presents several in vitro plant growth promotion mechanisms, such as phosphate solubilisation and the production of indole acetic acid and siderophores. The strain PEPV40 produces cellulose and forms biofilms on abiotic surfaces. GFP labelling of this strain showed that PEPV40 colonizes the roots of spinach plants, forming microcolonies typical of biofilm initiation. Inoculation with this strain significantly increases several vegetative parameters such as leaf number, size and weight, as well as chlorophyll and nitrogen contents. Therefore, our findings indicate, for the first time, that Rhizobium laguerreae is an excellent plant probiotic, which increases the yield and quality of spinach, a vegetable that is increasingly being consumed raw worldwide.

• MeSH
• biofilmy MeSH
• celulosa biosyntéza   MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• kořeny rostlin mikrobiologie   MeSH
• probiotika * MeSH
• Rhizobium klasifikace   fyziologie   MeSH
• semenáček mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Spinacia oleracea růst a vývoj   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• celulosa MeSH

Probiotics can affect human health, keep the balance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria, and their colonizing abilities enable the enhancement of the epithelial barrier, preventing the invasion of pathogens. Health benefits of probiotics were related to allergy, depression, eczema, cancer, obesity, inflammatory diseases, viral infections, and immune regulation. Probiotic bacterial cells contain various proteins that function as effector molecules, and explaining their roles in probiotic actions is a key to developing efficient and targeted treatments for various disorders. Systematic proteomic studies of probiotic proteins (probioproteomics) can provide information about the type of proteins involved, their expression levels, and the pathological changes. Advanced proteomic methods with mass spectrometry instrumentation and bioinformatics can point out potential candidates of next-generation probiotics that are regulated under pharmaceutical frameworks. In addition, the application of proteomics with other omics methods creates a powerful tool that can expand our understanding about diverse probiotic functionality. In this review, proteomic strategies for identification/quantitation of the proteins in probiotic bacteria were overviewed. The types of probiotic proteins investigated by proteomics were described, such as intracellular proteins, surface proteins, secreted proteins, and the proteins of extracellular vesicles. Examples of pathological conditions in which probiotic bacteria played crucial roles were discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• bacterial proteins, health-promoting effect, mass spectrometry-based proteomics, probiotics,
• MeSH
• Bacteria metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny * metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• probiotika * MeSH
• proteomika * metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriální proteiny * MeSH

Fructobacillus, a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultative anaerobic bacterium, belongs to the fructophilic lactic acid bacteria (FLAB) group. The group's name originates from fructose, the favored carbon source for its members. Fructobacillus spp. are noteworthy for their distinctive traits, captivating the interest of scientists. However, there have been relatively few publications regarding the isolation and potential utilization of these microorganisms in the industry. In recent years, F. tropaeoli has garnered interest for its promising role in the food and pharmaceutical sectors, although the availability of isolates is rather limited. A more comprehensive understanding of Fructobacillus is imperative to evaluate their functionality in the industry, given their unique and exceptional properties. Our in vitro study on Fructobacillus tropaeoli KKP 3032 confirmed its fructophilic nature and high osmotolerance. This strain thrives in a 30% sugar concentration, shows resistance to low pH and bile salts, and exhibits robust autoaggregation. Additionally, it displays significant antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens. Evaluating its probiotic potential, it aligns with EFSA recommendations in antibiotic resistance, except for kanamycin, to which it is resistant. Further research is necessary, but preliminary analyses confirm the high probiotic potential of F. tropaeoli KKP 3032 and its ability to thrive in the presence of high concentrations of fructose. The results indicate that the isolate F. tropaeoli KKP 3032 could potentially be used in the future as a fructophilic probiotic, protective culture, and/or active ingredient in fructose-rich food.

• Klíčová slova
• Antimicrobial activity, Autoaggregation, Bile salts, FLAB, Fructophilic probiotic, Hydrophobicity,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• fruktosa metabolismus   MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• ovocné a zeleninové šťávy * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• pomerančovník čínský mikrobiologie   chemie   MeSH
• potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
• probiotika * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S genetika   MeSH
• žlučové kyseliny a soli metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• fruktosa MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S MeSH
• žlučové kyseliny a soli MeSH

Lactobacilli use in treatment and prevention of the vaginal microflora disorders, such as bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis, is highly promising. The objective of this study was is to develop formulation and technology of the extemporal Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) ІМВ В-7280-containing medicinal product in the form of vaginal pessaries. The quality control parameters were defined in accordance with the State Pharmacopeia of Ukraine (2nd edition) and included appearance, uniformity of texture, uniformity of mass and disintegration test. Lactobacilli assay was determined after preparation and within the storage period. Thus, feasible formulation and technology were selected for vaginal pessaries with an expected 6-month shelf life. The results of the hereby described research will be used for technological instruction development for extemporaneous vaginal pessaries with defined probiotic activity.

• Klíčová slova
• Lactobacilli, vaginal dysbiosis, vaginal pessaries,
• MeSH
• bakteriální vaginóza terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pesary * MeSH
• příprava léků * MeSH
• probiotika farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Dahi, an artisanal fermented milk product, widely consumed in Pakistan, is microbiologically diverse, and many bacterial communities await investigation. The current study is first to present probiotic assessment of Bacillus species strains isolated from dahi. Based on 49 identified strains assessed, only 6 strains, i.e., Bacillus licheniformis QAUBL19, QAUBL1901, and QAUBL1902; Bacillus mycoides QAUBM19 and QAUBM1901; and Bacillus subtilis QAUBSS1 were having prominent persistence in the simulated gastrointestinal fluids, being non-hemolytic, with no DNase activity. Probiotic characteristics, cholesterol-assimilating, and carbohydrate-fermenting capabilities were assessed for all the strains. These six strains each showed variant cholesterol assimilating abilities. B. licheniformis QAUBL19 retaining most desired probiotic traits presented both notable cholesterol assimilating and bile salt hydrolase activities. It can be used as a probiotic of choice with hypocholesterolemia ability. B. subtilis QAUBSS1 showed wide carbohydrate fermentation ability and strongest antibacterial potential. It is likely to be considered a probiotic for living beings and starter culture for fermentation of food/feed.

• Klíčová slova
• Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Dahi, Probiotics, Traditional fermented products,
• MeSH
• Bacillus * genetika   MeSH
• cholesterol MeSH
• fermentace MeSH
• kysané mléčné výrobky * MeSH
• mléko mikrobiologie   MeSH
• probiotika * MeSH
• sacharidy MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cholesterol MeSH
• sacharidy MeSH

Eleven strains of Lactobacillus collected in the Culture Collection of Dairy Microorganisms (CCDM) were evaluated for selected probiotic properties such as survival in gastrointestinal fluids, antimicrobial activity, and competition with non-toxigenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 for adhesion on Caco-2 cells. The viable count of lactobacilli was reduced during 3-h incubation in gastric fluid followed by 3-h incubation in intestinal fluid. All strains showed antimicrobial activity and the three most effective strains inhibited the growth of at least 16 indicator strains. Antimicrobial metabolites of seven strains active against Lactobacillus and Clostridium indicator strains were found to be sensitive to proteinase K and trypsin, which indicates their proteinaceous nature. The degree of competitive inhibition of non-toxigenic E. coli O157:H7 adhesion on the surface of Caco-2 cells was strain-dependent. A significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the number of non-toxigenic E. coli O157:H7 adhering to Caco-2 cells was observed with all lactobacilli. Three strains were selected for additional studies of antimicrobial activity, i.e., Lactobacillus gasseri CCDM 215, Lactobacillus acidophilus CCDM 149, and Lactobacillus helveticus CCDM 82.

• MeSH
• antibióza * MeSH
• antiinfekční látky metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální adheze MeSH
• Caco-2 buňky MeSH
• epitelové buňky mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Escherichia coli O157 fyziologie   MeSH
• Lactobacillus růst a vývoj   fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální viabilita účinky léků   MeSH
• probiotika farmakologie   MeSH
• žaludeční šťáva mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antiinfekční látky MeSH