Measuring key components of resilience is vital for understanding cross-cultural dynamics among youth and the environment. The Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28) was developed as a cross-cultural measure of resilience and has been used globally. To examine the cross-cultural utility of the CYRM-28, we conducted a systematic review of the literature reporting on the psychometric properties of the measure. Using data representing six countries (N = 6,232) that were supplied from authors of the studies reviewed, a multilevel confirmatory factor analysis was also conducted to estimate the variability of the measurement properties among communities, ages, and sex. Results indicate that the literature generally did not include reliability and validity information for the instrument. From the multilevel confirmatory factor analysis, the measure was invariant between adolescent age-groups and sexes but not across communities.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• psychická odolnost * MeSH
• psychometrie MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

Research has shown that the strength of the implicit affiliation-intimacy motive moderates the effects of satisfaction and frustration of the need for affiliation-intimacy: Low relatedness was more closely related to envy for people high in the implicit affiliation-intimacy motive. The present study tests a moderating effect of the strength of the implicit affiliation-intimacy motive on the association between low relatedness and social cynicism in samples of elderly people from Germany, the Czech Republic, and Cameroon. A total of 616 participants provided information on their implicit affiliation-intimacy motive, relatedness, and social cynicism. As hypothesized, a moderation effect of the strength of the implicit affiliation-intimacy motive was found that held true regardless of participants' culture of origin: For people high in the implicit affiliation-intimacy motive, a lack of relatedness was associated with higher levels of social cynicism. Our findings complement other theories stating that positive relationships with others are a significant part of successful aging.

• MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• motivace * MeSH
• osamocení psychologie   MeSH
• osobní uspokojení * MeSH
• postoj * MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srovnání kultur MeSH
• stárnutí psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Kamerun MeSH
• Německo MeSH

This study examines ethnic, national, familial, and religious identity and well-being of 632 Roma minority and 589 majority adolescents (age: M = 15.98 years, SD = 1.34) in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Kosovo, and Romania. Results indicated that Roma showed lower endorsement of national identity but stronger religious identity than their majority counterparts. Path models showed positive associations of familial and religious identities with well-being, whereas Roma identity was negatively associated with well-being, particularly for Roma in Bulgaria and Kosovo (countries with a less active policy toward improving conditions of Roma). In the latter countries, Roma ethnic identity is less relevant and weakly associated with psychological well-being of youth.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menšiny * MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• náboženství a psychologie * MeSH
• rodina etnologie   MeSH
• Romové etnologie   MeSH
• sociální identifikace * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Bulharsko MeSH
• Česká republika MeSH
• Kosovo MeSH
• Rumunsko MeSH

Cdc7 (cell division cycle 7) kinase together with its activation subunit ASK (also known as Dbf4) play pivotal roles in DNA replication and contribute also to other aspects of DNA metabolism such as DNA repair and recombination. While the biological significance of Cdc7 is widely appreciated, the molecular mechanisms through which Cdc7 kinase regulates these various DNA transactions remain largely obscure, including the role of Cdc7-ASK/Dbf4 under replication stress, a condition associated with diverse (patho)physiological scenarios. In this review, we first highlight the recent findings on a novel pathway that regulates the stability of the human Cdc7-ASK/Dbf4 complex under replication stress, its interplay with ATR-Chk1 signaling, and significance in the RAD18-dependent DNA damage bypass pathway. We also consider Cdc7 function in a broader context, considering both physiological conditions and pathologies associated with enhanced replication stress, particularly oncogenic transformation and tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we integrate the emerging evidence and propose a concept of Cdc7-ASK/Dbf4 contributing to genome integrity maintenance, through interplay with RAD18 that can serve as a molecular switch to dictate DNA repair pathway choice. Finally, we discuss the possibility of targeting Cdc7, particularly in the context of the Cdc7/RAD18-dependent translesion synthesis, as a potential innovative strategy for treatment of cancer.

• MeSH
• chromatin metabolismus   MeSH
• DNA vazebné proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• fyziologický stres * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• oprava DNA MeSH
• poškození DNA MeSH
• protein-serin-threoninkinasy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• proteiny buněčného cyklu genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• replikace DNA * MeSH
• replikační počátek MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are commonly inactivated by somatic mutation and/or promoter methylation; yet, recent high-throughput genomic studies have not identified key TSGs inactivated by both mechanisms. We pursued an integrated molecular analysis based on methylation binding domain sequencing (MBD-seq), 450K Methylation arrays, whole exome sequencing, and whole genome gene expression arrays in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors and matched uvulopalatopharyngoplasty tissue samples (UPPPs). We uncovered 186 downregulated genes harboring cancer specific promoter methylation including PAX1 and PAX5 and we identified 10 key tumor suppressor genes (GABRB3, HOXC12, PARP15, SLCO4C1, CDKN2A, PAX1, PIK3AP1, HOXC6, PLCB1, and ZIC4) inactivated by both promoter methylation and/or somatic mutation. Among the novel tumor suppressor genes discovered with dual mechanisms of inactivation, we found a high frequency of genomic and epigenomic alterations in the PAX gene family of transcription factors, which selectively impact canonical NOTCH and TP53 pathways to determine cell fate, cell survival, and genome maintenance. Our results highlight the importance of assessing TSGs at the genomic and epigenomic level to identify key pathways in HNSCC, deregulated by simultaneous promoter methylation and somatic mutations.

• MeSH
• aktivátorový protein specifický pro B-buňky genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• CpG ostrůvky MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metylace DNA * MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádorový supresorový protein p53 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory hlavy a krku genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• promotorové oblasti (genetika) * MeSH
• receptor Notch1 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• spinocelulární karcinom genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• transkripční faktory paired box genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• tumor supresorové geny * MeSH
• umlčování genů * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

There is growing evidence that some members of cytochrome P450 enzymes contribute to regulation of normal prenatal development. CYP epoxygenases (CYP2C and CYP2J subfamilies) convert arachidonic acid into four regioisomeric epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), biologically active molecules involved in mitogenesis and cell signaling. Almost nothing is known about localization of their expression in tissues during human prenatal development. The spatio-temporal expression pattern of CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2J2 in human embryonic/fetal intestines, liver, and kidney was investigated by immunohistochemical method. CYP epoxygenases are expressed already in early stages of development in these embryonic/fetal tissues (as early as 7th week of IUD in the intestines, 5th week of IUD in the liver, and 6th week of IUD in the kidney). In kidney, CYP epoxygenases are expressed in the metanephrogenic blastema (but not in the uninduced mesenchyme) and in the tubular system. In the intestines, diverse CYP epoxygenases distribution along crypt-villus axis could suggest role in cell differentiation. Moreover, we detected higher CYP2J2 level in these organs than in adult tissue samples.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cytochrom P450 CYP2C8 genetika   MeSH
• embryo savčí enzymologie   MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• játra embryologie   enzymologie   MeSH
• ledviny embryologie   enzymologie   MeSH
• lidé embryologie   MeSH
• střeva embryologie   enzymologie   MeSH
• systém (enzymů) cytochromů P-450 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• vývojová regulace genové exprese * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé embryologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Sensing, integrating, and processing of stressogenic signals must be followed by accurate differential response(s) for a cell to survive and avoid malignant transformation. The DNA damage response (DDR) pathway is vital in this process, as it deals with genotoxic/oncogenic insults, having p53 as a nodal effector that performs most of the above tasks. Accumulating data reveal that other pathways are also involved in the same or similar processes, conveying also to p53. Emerging questions are if, how, and when these additional pathways communicate with the DDR axis. Two such stress response pathways, involving the MKK7 stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) and ARF, have been shown to be interlocked with the ATM/ATR-regulated DDR axis in a highly ordered manner. This creates a new landscape in the DDR orchestrated response to genotoxic/oncogenic insults that is currently discussed.

• MeSH
• ATM protein metabolismus   MeSH
• čtecí rámce * MeSH
• fosforylace MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• MAP kinasa-kinasa 7 metabolismus   MeSH
• mitogenem aktivované proteinkinasy p38 metabolismus   MeSH
• nádorový supresorový protein p53 metabolismus   MeSH
• onkogeny MeSH
• oprava DNA * MeSH
• poškození DNA * MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

Natural cytokinins as well as the majority of their synthetic derivatives show negative effects on root growth and development. Changes in morphology, primarily linked to the inhibition of the cell division in the meristematic zone, are manifested as thickening and shortening of the primary root and impaired lateral root branching. Rational design of cytokinin derivatives can partially overcome these drawbacks and reduce the negative effects. Using our database of cytokinin derivatives, we selected several aromatic cytokinin analogs with modifications at the N9 atom of the adenine moiety. We found that tetrahydropyranyl and tetrahydrofuranyl substitutions at the N9 atom led to enhanced acropetal transport of the modified cytokinin, and both derivatives also showed weak anticytokinin activity. Consequently, changes in the distribution of the active cytokinin pool together with gradual metabolic conversion of the modified cytokinin to its free form prevent root growth inhibition that limits cytokinin utilization in micropropagation techniques.

• MeSH
• cytokininy chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• kořeny rostlin účinky léků   MeSH
• kukuřice setá MeSH
• kultivační techniky * MeSH
• vývoj rostlin účinky léků   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Melatonin was found in the fresh water characeae Chara australis. The concentrations (~4 μg/g of tissue) were similar in photosynthesizing cells, independent of their position on the plant and rhizoids (roots) without chloroplasts. Exogenous melatonin, added at 10 μM to the artificial pond water, increased quantum yield of photochemistry of photosystem II by 34%. The increased efficiency appears to be due to the amount of open reaction centers of photosystem II, rather than increased efficiency of each reaction center. More open reaction centers reflect better functionality of all photosynthetic transport chain constituents. We suggest that melatonin protection against reactive oxygen species covers not only chlorophyll, but also photosynthetic proteins in general.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• Chara účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• Characeae MeSH
• chlorofyl metabolismus   MeSH
• chloroplasty MeSH
• fotosyntéza * účinky léků   MeSH
• fotosystém II - proteinový komplex metabolismus   MeSH
• melatonin metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• světlosběrné proteinové komplexy metabolismus   MeSH
• transport elektronů * účinky léků   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• dvouřetězcové zlomy DNA MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oprava DNA MeSH
• ubikvitin aktivující enzymy metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• komentáře MeSH