The epidemiological transition has been characterized by demographic, societal and health changes in societies. Presuming that acute diseases, mostly of communicable etiology, are more important in terms of early-life mortality, whereas chronic diseases are responsible for a greater burden of disease throughout the life course, we attempt to develop an index to measure the stage of the epidemiological transition. Using Global Burden of Diseases, Risk Factors and Injuries (GBD) data available at https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/ on 04/04/2024 to calculate the Epidemiologic Transition Estimate (ETE) index as a ratio of YLD/YLL for the time period of 1990-2019. The values of the index ranged from 0.131 to 1.067 and 0.180 to 2.108 for males and females, respectively, across the 195 included countries. The transition process seems to be faster to females compared to males. The index shows consistently increasing values for five SDI-based country groups, with clear differences among the groups. Although more research and validation studies are needed despite all the uncertainties, the index seems to be robust to assess the progress in epidemiological transition. These findings can help to predict future social care and health system needs to address causes leading to YLD or YLL.
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- lidé MeSH
- primární zdravotní péče * organizace a řízení MeSH
- veřejné zdravotnictví * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- úvodníky MeSH
Context: There is little information on health situation of the people of rural Slovak Republic. The rural environment is often a mixture of natural and man-made hazards, which under some conditions, might turn to be a health risk to humans. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare two regions of the Slovak Republic, two different hazards (natural and man-made), two different methods of health outcome measurement (routine statistics and individual diary based data). Methods: Ecological study design with focus on cancer incidence analysis was employed in case of natural hazard analysis. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated and are presented in paper. Observational study design was employed to study rural gardening practices and their impact on health. Findings: Statistically significant differences in SIR were found in rural areas of Spis-Gemer Region (SGR) among males for lip, oral cavity and larynx (1.60, CI 95% 1.12–2.34), respiratory (1.25, CI 95% 1.01–1.55) and digestive organ cancers (1.22, CI 95% 1.01–1.47); hematopoetic cancers are significantly elevated among males in rural areas as well (1.58, CI 95% 1.05–2.39). Pesticide use (83.1% of gardeners use pesticides) without any protective equipment is still widespread among gardeners in rural Slovak Republic (16.9%). The produced fruits and vegetables are substantial part of total fruit and vegetable consumption (51% in summer and 42.7% in winter season) increasing the risk of exposure to pesticides. Conclusion: Our study shows that on ecological level, mortality and morbidity statistics could be used to assess human health status in linkage to broad exposure measures (urban- rural); on dose response level (arsenic in soil) this method lacks sensitivity. Health survey and diary method on the other hand are useful tools in analysis of rural health especially with respect to man-made hazards.
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- agrochemikálie klasifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- arsen izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- epidemiologické studie MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory etiologie klasifikace MeSH
- nebezpečné látky klasifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- rezidua pesticidů izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- statistika přirozeného pohybu MeSH
- zahradničení klasifikace statistika a číselné údaje trendy MeSH
- zdraví venkovských oblastí klasifikace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- znečištění životního prostředí statistika a číselné údaje škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Public health research is concerned with population health, determinants of health, health systems research, health promotion, environmental health, health protection, disease prevention and research in other fields of public health. During the last decades, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are more often entering the field of public health research. This paper presents results of work within SPHERE (Strengthening Public Health Research in Europe), a European Commission funded study aimed to gather information and produce knowledge on the state of public health research in Europe. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was developed and conducted among NGOs enrolled in a database held by the European Public Health Alliance (EPHA). There were 80 replies, and the response rate for NGOs that were members of EPHA was 53%. RESULTS: There were no significant statistical differences in the responses when analysed for three European groups ['old' member states (EU 15), accession members states in 2004 (EU 10) and EU-associated countries]. The NGOs reported a relatively large international experience, expressed by participation in international public health research, and more often practice work. The main research priorities reported were general public health, environmental health, ADHD, obesity, nutrition, tobacco control. NGOs showed low correlation between their work field and their proposed public health research priorities. CONCLUSION: There are growing numbers of NGOs in Europe concerned with public health. This survey indicates their interest also in public health research priorities.
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- databáze faktografické MeSH
- duševní zdraví MeSH
- environmentální zdraví MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hyperkinetická porucha MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezinárodní agentury organizace a řízení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- obezita MeSH
- odhad potřeb klasifikace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- organizace klasifikace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- poruchy vyvolané užíváním tabáku MeSH
- postoj ke zdraví MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- veřejné mínění MeSH
- veřejné zdravotnictví MeSH
- výzkum klasifikace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
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- chemické znečištění vody analýza škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dusičnany analýza škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory trávicího systému epidemiologie MeSH
- nehodgkinský lymfom MeSH
- urologické nádory epidemiologie MeSH
- zásobování vodou analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Projekt „Pitná voda a zdravie" vznikol s iniciativy odborných pracovníkov ŠZÚ Košice, ako súčasť tvorby Akčného plánu pre prostredie a zdravie Slovenskej republiky. Do realizačnej fázy bol rozpracovaný pracovnou skupinou zloženou z autorov tohto článku a ďalších odbomíkov uvedených v poďakovaní. Cieľom projektu bolo povodně zvýšiť informovanosť o vzťahu pitnej vody k zdraviu formami výchovy obyvatelstva ku zdraviu. Projekt prešiel niekoľkými modifíkáciami, na základe ktorých sa rozčlenil na tri časti: • realizácia prieskumu o vedomostiach o pitnej vode a spôsoboch nakladania s pitnou vodou • realizácia videofilmu s tematikou pitná voda a zdravie • realizácia intervenčného projektu vo vybraných lokalitách na danú tému pitnej vody a zdravia. Predkladaná publikácia sumarizuje výsledky prvej fázy projektu, t.j. prieskumu o vedomostiach o pitnej vode a spôsoboch nakladania s pitnou vodou.
The project 'Drinking water and health " was developed on the initiative of professional workers of the State Health Institute in Košice as part of an action plan focused on the environment and health in the Slovak Republic. It was elaborated into the implementation stage by a working group comprising the authors of this article and other specialists listed in the acknowledgement. The objective of the project was to promote knowledge on the relationship of drinking water and health by health educational provisions. The project had several modifications and based on the latter it was divided into three parts: • survey of knowledge of drinking water and treatment of drinking water • preparation of a videofilm on drinking water and health implementation of an intervention project in selected places on the subject of drinking water and health. The submitted publication summarizes the results of the first stage of the project, i.e. a survey of the knowledge on drinking water and its treatment.
- MeSH
- klimatické změny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- migrace lidstva trendy MeSH
- programy národního zdraví * MeSH
- znečištění životního prostředí MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přednášky MeSH
- MeSH
- alkoholismus MeSH
- kouření MeSH
- zdraví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- východní Evropa MeSH
- MeSH
- organizace podporující zdraví MeSH
- podpora zdraví MeSH
- veřejné zdravotnictví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- MeSH
- podpora zdraví MeSH
- programy národního zdraví MeSH
- zdravotní stav MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
