BACKGROUND: Alternative autologous veins can be used as a conduit when adequate great saphenous vein is unavailable. We analyzed the results of our infrainguinal bypasses after adopting upper extremity veins in our practice. METHODS: This is a single-center observational study involving all patients whose infrainguinal bypass involved the use of upper extremity veins between April 2019, when we began using arm veins, and February 2023. RESULTS: During the study period, 49 bypasses were done in 48 patients; mean age 68.1 ± 9.8; men 32 (66.7%); body mass index 28.0 ± 4.8; indications for surgery: chronic limb threatening ischemia 41 (83.7%); acute limb ischemia 3 (6.1%); complications of previous prosthetic 3 (6.1%), or autologous 2 (4.1%) bypass grafts. Vein splicing was used in 43 (87.8%) bypasses with 3-segment grafts being the most common (26; 53.1%). There were 24 (49.0%) femorotibial, 11 (22.4%) femoropopliteal, 9 (18.4%) femoropedal, and 5 (10.2%) extension jump bypass procedures. Eighteen (36.7%) operations were redo surgeries. Twenty-one (42.9%) bypasses were formed using only arm veins. The median follow-up was 12.9 months (4.5-24.2). Two bypasses occluded during the first 30 postoperative days (2/49; 4.1%). Overall 30-day, 1-year, and 2-year primary patency rates were 93.7% ± 3.5%, 84.8% ± 5.9%, and 80.6% ± 6.9%, and secondary patency (SP) rates were 95.8% ± 2.9%, 89.2% ± 5.3%, and 89.2% ± 5.3%. One-segment grafts had better patencies than 2-, 3-, and 4-segment grafts (1-year SP 100% ± 0% vs 87.6% ± 6.0%). Two-year amputation-free survival was 86.8% ± 6.5%; 2-year overall survival was 88.2% ± 6.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Integration of arm vein grafts in infrainguinal bypass practice can be done safely with low incidences of perioperative graft failure. One-segment grafts had better patencies than spliced vein grafts. The achieved early patency and amputation-free survival rates strongly encourage their use. In the absence of a single-segment great saphenous vein, upper extremity vein grafts should be the preferred conduit choice.
- MeSH
- amputace MeSH
- autologní transplantace * MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- horní končetina krevní zásobení MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- okluze cévního štěpu etiologie patofyziologie chirurgie MeSH
- onemocnění periferních arterií * chirurgie patofyziologie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- průchodnost cév * MeSH
- reoperace MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- transplantace cév škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- vena saphena transplantace MeSH
- vény transplantace chirurgie patofyziologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- záchrana končetiny MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to describe perioperative kinetics of procalcitonin (PCT) in patients undergoing aortic surgery, to compare the kinetics in the open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair and aortobifemoral bypass for aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD), and to evaluate the ability of PCT to detect intestinal ischaemia. METHODS: A prospective non-randomized observational cohort study in 80 patients (62 men and 18 women) undergoing elective aortic surgery was performed. Serum PCT was measured at baseline and defined intraoperative and postoperative timepoints up to postoperative day 7. MRI contrast-enhanced imaging was used to detect intestinal ischaemia. RESULTS: The comparison of the AAA and AIOD cohort did not show any significant difference in PCT levels. Patients with intestinal ischaemia had higher serum PCT at multiple timepoints postoperatively. The most accurate timepoints for early diagnosis were postoperative day 3, followed by 24 h after declamping of the vascular reconstruction, and postoperative day 7. The sensitivity and negative predictive values were 100% in all mentioned timepoints. However, event at the best timepoint the specificity was 89% and the positive predictive value 43%. CONCLUSIONS: Procalcitonin levels in the postoperative period at proper timepoints might help to detect postoperative intestinal ischaemia. The limitation of this marker is its low specificity for intestinal ischaemia and low positive predictive value. The highest value of this marker is that it can rule out this complication because normal PCT levels mean that intestinal ischaemia is very unlikely.
- MeSH
- ateroskleróza * MeSH
- břicho MeSH
- ischemie diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- Lericheův syndrom * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezenteriální ischemie * diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- pooperační období MeSH
- prokalcitonin MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
Úvod: Aneuryzma abdominální aorty (AAA) je poměrně častý a závažný stav v cévní chirurgii. Diagnostika, indikační proces a léčebný postup se opírají o guidelines, dle kterých je zákrok indikován při průměru AAA nad 55 mm. Tento přístup však není ve všech případech zcela dostačující, a proto je naší snahou vytvoření moderního diagnostického nástroje s využitím počítačové modelace a analýzy napětí cévní stěny. Metody: Na projektu spolupracujeme již deset let s inženýry z VUT Brno a VŠB Ostrava. V první, experimentální fázi projektu byl vytvořen návrh analytického nástroje, který umožňuje výpočet napětí cévní stěny AAA pomocí metody konečných prvků z běžně dostupných CT snímků, tento primární model byl v průběhu let upraven a výrazně zpřesněn na základě mechanických a histologických testů vzorků AAA získaných v průběhu otevřené resekce. Do výpočtů jsou navíc zapojeny i další konkrétní údaje, jako jsou tlak krve, pohlaví a materiálové charakteristiky. Výsledky: Účinnost metody byla ověřena nejprve pomocí pseudoprospektivní studie s jasnou převahou analýzy napětí cévní stěny nad parametrem maximálního průměru. Metoda byla poprvé zapojena do praxe v průběhu restrikcí spojených s pandemií covid-19, kdy jsme byli na základě analýzy schopni určit, které AAA snese odklad a u kterých je riziko ruptury vysoké a je třeba provést intervenci navzdory restrikcím. Metoda dosáhla 100 % senzitivy a specificity, výrazně lepší ve srovnání s přístupem maximálního průměru. Závěr: Metoda analýzy napětí cévní stěny AAA se zdá být významně přesnější než klasický indikační přístup založený pouze na maximálním průměru a umožňuje stanovení léčby na základě specifických parametrů daného pacienta.
Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a relatively frequent and serious condition in vascular surgery. The diagnostic and indication process and its treatment are driven by the guidelines which dictate an intervention when the maximum AAA diameter is more than 55 mm. Nevertheless, this approach is not fully sufficient in all AAA cases and thus we have been seeking to develop a modern diagnostic tool using computer modeling and vascular wall stress analysis. Methods: The project has been ongoing in cooperation with engineers from VUT Brno (Brno University of Technology) and VŠB Ostrava (Technical University of Ostrava) for ten years. The design of the analytical tool was created during the first, experimental period of the project; this tool is able to assess vascular wall stress from regular CT scans using the finite element method. This primary model was gradually altered and its precision was increased considerably in the course of the years using data from mechanical and histological tests of AAA wall specimens harvested during open repairs. Additionally, other patient specific data are included in the analysis such as blood pressure, gender and material characteristics. Results: The effectiveness of the method was evaluated in a pseudo-prospective study, showing clear superiority of the vascular wall stress analysis over the maximum diameter approach. The method was used in clinical practice for the first time during restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic; based on the analysis we were able to assess which AAA cases can be postponed and which had a high risk of rupture and an intervention was required despite the restrictions. The method achieved 100% sensitivity, and its specificity was also much better compared to the maximum diameter approach. Conclusion: The vascular wall stress analysis of AAA seems to be much more precise than the classic indication approach based only on the maximum diameter, and it can be used to determine the therapy based on patient specific parameters.
- Klíčová slova
- indikační proces, napětí cévní stěny,
- MeSH
- aneurysma břišní aorty * chirurgie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- aorta abdominalis chirurgie MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mechanický stres MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- ruptura aorty patologie MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- určení vhodnosti pacienta MeSH
- výběr pacientů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
BACKGROUND: Postoperative intestinal ischemia is a severe complication in abdominal aortic surgery. Early diagnosis is needed for adequate and timely treatment. We studied the postoperative kinetics of l-lactate in vascular patients to assess its value as a marker for early postoperative intestinal ischemia detection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a prospective non-randomized single-center observational cohort study in eighty elective patients, fifty operated on for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and thirty for aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD). Serum l-lactate was measured preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively at defined timepoints up to postoperative day 7. Intestinal ischemia was detected using MRI enterocolography. We have used univariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics curves for the evaluation of marker accuracy. RESULTS: We recorded 6 cases of postoperative intestinal ischemia (7.5%), five non-transmural and one transmural. Two patients died because of this complication (mortality 33%). The comparison of AAA and AIOD cohorts showed a significant difference in l-lactate levels at one intraoperative timepoint, which was attributable to procedure differences. The only preoperative factor associated with higher l-lactate levels at some timepoints was chronic kidney disease. Patients suffering postoperative intestinal ischemia had elevated serum l-lactate levels at multiple timepoints. The most accurate timepoint for diagnosis was 24 h after the declamping of the vascular reconstruction (DC24H), the second was 10 min after declamping. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values at timepoint DC24H were 100%, 82%, 32%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Serum l-lactate levels might help in the early detection of postoperative intestinal ischemia after aortic surgery if proper timepoints are used. Cutoff values need to be established in large-scale prospective studies.
Úvod: Floating thrombus of descending thoracic aorta (FTDTA) představuje přítomnost trombu v hrudní aortě, který vzniká z důvodu předchozího poranění aortální stěny (disekce, ateroskleróza, nádor nebo trauma) nebo ve zdravé hrudní aortě nejčastěji na podkladě trombofilie. Riziko FTDTA je dáno hlavně možností jeho periferní embolizace s rezultující viscerální nebo končetinovou ischemií. Popis případu: Třiašedesátiletá žena s FTDTA a jeho periferní embolizací do arteria mesenterica superior (AMS) a arteria lienalis (AL) podstoupila embolektomii hrudní aorty a AMS po preparaci viscerálního segmentu břišní aorty cestou levostranné mediální viscerální rotace. V rámci second-look laparotomie byla provedena resekce ilea s end-to-end anastomózou a splenektomie. CTA hrudní a břišní aorty s odstupem 12 měsíců od operace prokazuje volný tepenný systém bez obrazu recidivy FTDTA. Třicet dva měsíců po provedení primární operační intervence je pacientka bez projevů malabsorpce v dobrém klinickém stavu. Závěr: Akutní mezenteriální ischemie na podkladě embolizace FTDTA je vzácné onemocnění. Námi zvolený chirurgický přístup vycházel z dominující břišní symptomatologie u pacientky a suspekce na transmurální ischemii tenkého střeva. Dobrý klinický výsledek prokazuje validitu otevřeného cévněchirurgického přístupu v řešení uvedené diagnózy. © 2020, ČKS.
Introduction: Floating thrombus of the descending thoracic aorta (FTDTA) is defined as the presence of a thrombus inside the thoracic aorta, which is caused by an injury to the thoracic aortic wall (dissection, atherosclerosis, tumour, or trauma) or a thrombophilic state in the absence of a thoracic aortic wall injury. It is a rare condition, but can result in peripheral embolisation mainly into the limbs or visceral circulation. Report: A 63-year-old woman presented with signs of visceral embolisation into the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and splenic artery (SA). Preoperative CT angiography (CTA) discovered the presence of FTDTA. She underwent emergent open embolectomy of the descending thoracic aorta and SMA done through a visceral segment of the abdominal aorta, reached by left-sided medial visceral rotation. During second-look laparotomy, she underwent splenectomy and ileal resection with end-to-end jejuno-ileal anastomosis. CTA of the thoracic and abdominal aorta performed 12 months after the initial operation showed no residual thrombus inside the aorta and patent peripheral vascular beds. Thirty-two months after the index operation, the patient shows no signs of malabsorption and is in good clinical condition. Conclusion: Acute mesenteric ischemia resulting from embolisation of FTDTA is a rare disease. Our surgical approach was guided by the primary abdominal symptomatology of our patient and a clinical suspicion of transmural bowel ischemia being present. Our good clinical outcome confirms the viability of the open surgical approach towards the therapy of complicated FTDTA.
- MeSH
- aorta thoracica chirurgie MeSH
- bolesti břicha etiologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezenteriální ischemie * chirurgie diagnóza MeSH
- trombóza diagnóza MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
