Structural changes of thoracic aorta (TA), carotid (CA) and iliac artery (IA) were assessed in Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) aged 3, 17, and 52 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (sBP) was measured by plethysmography weekly. After perfusion fixation the arteries were processed for electron microscopy. The wall thickness (WT), cross-sectional area (CSA), inner diameter (ID), and WT/ID in all arteries and volume densities of endothelial cells (ECs), muscle cells (SMCs), and extracellular matrix (ECM) in TA were measured and their CSAs were calculated. In 3-week-old SHR compared to Wistar rats, sBP did not differ; in the TA, all parameters (WT, CSA, ID, WT/ID, CSA of SMCs, CSA of ECs, and CSA of ECM) were decreased; in CA, WT and CSA did not differ, ID was decreased, and WT/ID was increased; in IA, WT, CSA, and ID were increased. In 17- and 52-week-old SHRs, sBP and all parameters in all arteries were increased, only ID in IE in 52-week-old SHRs and CSA of ECs in the TA in 17-week-old SHRs did not change. Disproportionality between BP increase and structural alterations during ontogeny in SHR could reflect the flexibility of the arterial tree to the different needs of supplied areas.
- MeSH
- aorta thoracica patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- arteria iliaca patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- arteriae carotides patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- hypertenze patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- krevní tlak fyziologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- potkani inbrední SHR MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- tunica intima patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
We studied the effects of the H(2)S donor Na(2)S on the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart and breathing rates of anesthetized Wistar rats in the presence and absence of captopril. Bolus administration of Na(2)S (1-4 micromol/kg) into the right jugular vein transiently decreased heart and increased breathing rates; at 8-30 micromol/kg, Na(2)S had a biphasic effect, transiently decreasing and increasing MAP, while transiently decreasing heart rate and increasing and decreasing breathing rate. These results may indicate independent mechanisms by which H(2)S influences MAP and heart and breathing rates. The effect of Na(2)S in decreasing MAP was less pronounced in the presence of captopril (2 micromol/l), which may indicate that the renin-angiotensin system is partially involved in the Na(2)S effect. Captopril decreased H(2)S-induced NO release from S-nitrosoglutathione, which may be related to some biological activities of H(2)S. These results contribute to the understanding of the effects of H(2)S on the cardiovascular system.
- MeSH
- antagonismus léků MeSH
- dechová frekvence fyziologie účinky záření MeSH
- kaptopril aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- krevní tlak účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lékové interakce MeSH
- oxid dusnatý metabolismus MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- S-nitrosoglutathion metabolismus MeSH
- sulfan metabolismus MeSH
- sulfidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
We evaluated the effects of N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) (50 mg/kg/day) and 7-nitroindazole (7NI) (10 mg/kg/day) administered from 10th-16th week of age either individually or together on cardiovascular system of Wistar rats and SHR. Systolic blood pressure (sBP) was measured weekly by the plethysmographic method. For morphological studies, the animals (n=10) were perfused with a fixative (120 mm Hg), and thoracic aorta and carotid and coronary arteries were processed for electron microscopy. For functional investigation (n=10), aortic rings were used in an organ bath. In Wistar rats, L-NAME evoked an increase of sBP; hypertrophy of the heart and arterial walls; an increase in cross-sectional areas (CSA) of endothelial cells (EC), muscle cells (SMC), extracellular matrix (ECM), and a decrease in acetylcholine-induced endothelial-dependent relaxation (EDR). 7NI evoked sBP-independent hypotrophy of the heart and arterial walls, a decrease in CSA of EC and SMC without affecting the CSA of ECM, and a mild decrease in acetylcholine-induced EDR. 7NI and L-NAME administered together evoked lower effect on BP and trophicity of the heart and all arteries, and a similar decrease in acetylcholine-induced EDR compared to L-NAME alone. In SHR, 7NI did not evoke any effect on the studied parameters.
- MeSH
- aorta thoracica účinky léků enzymologie patofyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- arteriae carotides účinky léků enzymologie patofyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- hypertenze farmakoterapie enzymologie patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- indazoly farmakologie MeSH
- inhibitory enzymů farmakologie MeSH
- kardiomegalie enzymologie patologie patofyziologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- koronární cévy účinky léků enzymologie patofyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- krevní tlak účinky léků MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- NG-nitroargininmethylester farmakologie MeSH
- potkani inbrední SHR MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- remodelace cév účinky léků MeSH
- remodelace komor účinky léků MeSH
- srdeční komory účinky léků enzymologie patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- synthasa oxidu dusnatého antagonisté a inhibitory metabolismus MeSH
- vazodilatace účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- cévní endotel fyziologie MeSH
- krevní tlak fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxid dusnatý * biosyntéza fyziologie MeSH
- oxidační stres fyziologie MeSH
- signální transdukce fyziologie MeSH
- synthasa oxidu dusnatého, typ I antagonisté a inhibitory fyziologie MeSH
- synthasa oxidu dusnatého, typ III antagonisté a inhibitory fyziologie MeSH
- synthasa oxidu dusnatého * antagonisté a inhibitory fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- antropometrie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- mentální retardace diagnóza MeSH
- vrozené vady MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
