U onemocnění RS má MR nezastupitelnou roli. Pro maximální využití potenciálu této metody, tedy pro časnou a přesnou diagnostiku s určením prognostických markerů, časný signál neefektivity terapie či bezpečnostního problému, ale i pro dostupnost adekvátní péče pro všechny pacienty, je klíčová unifikace managementu MR napříč jednotlivými pracovišti. Zároveň je podstatná komunikace mezi radiologem a neurologem a s tím související standardizace jak žádanky, tak popisu MR. Jednotná forma dat z MR by vedle zkvalitnění péče o individuálního pacienta vedla i k možnosti sběru dat na národní úrovni. Tím by umožnila získat strukturované informace pro výzkum a také využití dat z MR při jednáních s plátci zdravotní péče. Za tímto účelem vznikl pod záštitou Sekce klinické neuroimunologie a likvorologie České neurologické společnosti tento konsenzus českého expertního radiologicko-neurologického panelu vycházející z mezinárodních doporučení Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis (MAGNIMS). Přichází s návrhem doporučení základního a rozšířeného diagnostického, monitoračního a bezpečnostního protokolu MR, stanovuje frekvenci jednotlivých vyšetření, nutné informace na žádance na MR a představuje normovaný popis diagnostické i monitorační MR u pacientů s podezřením či stanovenou diagnózou RS.

In MS, MRI has an irreplaceable role. The unification of MRI management across different institutions is crucial for maximal use of the potential of this method, i.e., for early and accurate diagnosis with the determination of prognostic markers, early signal of ineffectiveness of therapy or safety problem, but also for availability of adequate care for all patients. At the same time, communication between the radiologist and neurologist and the associated standardization of both the referral form and MRI description are essential. In addition to improving the quality of care for the individual patient, a uniform MRI data format would also lead to the possibility of national data collection. This would allow for structured information for research as well as the use of MRI data in negotiations with healthcare providers. For this purpose under the patronage of the Section of Clinical Neuroimmunology and Liquorology of the Czech Neurological Society, this consensus of the Czech Expert Radiology-Neurology Panel is published based on the international Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis (MAGNIMS) recommendations. It proposes recommendations for a basic and extended diagnostic, monitoring and safety MRI protocol, specifies the frequency of individual examinations, the necessary information on the MRI referral form and presents a standardized description of diagnostic and monitoring MRI in patients with suspected or confirmed diagnosis of MS.

• Klíčová slova
• diagnostická kritéria, žádanka, diagnostický protokol, monitorační protokol,
• MeSH
• klinické protokoly MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * normy   MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH

BACKGROUND: The prospective study assessed infarct growth rate (IGR) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion (LVO) after recanalization in early time window. Early IGR (EIGR) and late IGR (LIGR) were correlated with imaging and clinical data; we searched for outcome predictors. METHODS: We included 71 consecutive patients. Subjects underwent computed tomography perfusion (CTP) for ischemic core volume assessment at 99.0 minutes (median) from stroke onset, recanalization was performed at 78.0 minutes (median) from CTP. Final infarct volume (FIV) was measured on 24±2 hours imaging follow-up. EIGR was calculated as the core volume/time between stroke onset and CTP; LIGR was calculated as FIV/time between CTP and imaging follow-up. Twenty-two subjects were assessed as poor outcome, 49 as good outcome. Group differences were tested by Mann-Whitney test and χ2 test. Bayesian logistic regression models were used to predict clinical outcome, Pearson correlations for the log-transformed predictors. RESULTS: Subjects with poor outcome were older, median age 78.0 [interquartile range (IQR): 71.8, 83.8] versus 68.0 (IQR: 57.0, 73.0) years; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.00 to 16.00; P<0.001. Their stroke severity scale was higher, median 19.0 (IQR: 16.0, 20.0) versus 15.5 (IQR: 10.8, 18.0); 95% CI: 1.00 to 6.00; P<0.001. They had higher EIGR, median 23.9 (IQR: 6.4, 104.0) versus 6.7 (IQR: 1.7, 13.0) mL/h; 95% CI: 3.26 to 53.68; P=0.002; and larger core, median 52.5 (IQR: 13.1, 148.5) versus 10.0 (IQR: 1.4, 20.0) mL; 95% CI: 11.00 to 81.00; P<0.001. In subjects with poor outcome, infarct growth continued after thrombectomy with LIGR 2.0 (IQR: 1.2, 9.7) versus 0.3 (IQR: 0.0, 0.7) mL/h; 95% CI: 1.10 to 6.10; P<0.001; resulting in larger FIV, median 186.5 (IQR: 49.3, 280.8) versus 18.5 (IQR: 8.0, 34.0) mL; 95% CI: 55.30 to 214.00; P<0.001. Strong correlations among predictors were found e.g., core and EIGR (r=0.942), LIGR and FIV (r=0.779), core and FIV (r=0.761). Clinical outcome was best predicted using data from later measurements as FIV and LIGR. CONCLUSIONS: Data from later measurements were more predictive, there was no major benefit to use growth over volume data.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

CT perfusion (CTP) is used for the evaluation of brain tissue viability in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We studied the accuracy of three different syngo.via software (SW) settings for acute ischemic core estimation in predicting the final infarct volume (FIV). The ischemic core was defined as follows: Setting A: an area with cerebral blood flow (CBF) < 30% compared to the contralateral healthy hemisphere. Setting B: CBF < 20% compared to contralateral hemisphere. Setting C: area of cerebral blood volume (CBV) < 1.2 mL/100 mL. We studied 47 AIS patients (aged 68 ± 11.2 years) with large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation, treated in the early time window (up to 6 h), who underwent technically successful endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). FIV was measured on MRI performed 24 ± 2 h after EVT. In general, all three settings correlated with each other; however, the absolute agreement between acute ischemic core volume on CTP and FIV on MRI was poor; intraclass correlation for all three settings was between 0.64 and 0.69, root mean square error of the individual observations was between 58.9 and 66.0. Our results suggest that using CTP syngo.via SW for prediction of FIV in AIS patients in the early time window is not appropriate.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• antitumorózní látky terapeutické užití   MeSH
• histologické techniky metody   MeSH
• imunoblastický velkobuněčný lymfom * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• nádory kostí diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• protokoly protinádorové léčby MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• temenní kost diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a liver malignancy associated with a poor prognosis. Its main subtypes are peripheral/intrahepatic and hilar/extrahepatic CCA. Several molecular, morphological and clinical similarities between hilar/extrahepatic CCA and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been described. FOXF1 is a transcription factor which has been described to have prognostic significance in various tumors and it is involved in the development of bile ducts. The aim of this study is to determine occurrence of nuclear expression of FOXF1 in both subtypes of CCA and metastatic PDAC and assess its potential usefulness as a diagnostic marker. Secondary aims were to investigate the use of C-reactive protein (CRP) immunohistochemistry for diagnosing intrahepatic peripheral CCA and the significance of histological features in CCA subtypes. 32 archive specimens of CCA, combined hepatocellular carcinoma-CCA (HCC-CCA) and liver metastasis of PDAC were stained by FOXF1 and CRP immunohistochemistry and evaluated to determine histological pattern. The CCAs were classified radiologically into peripheral/intrahepatic and hilar subtype. Using Fisher exact test, we identified nuclear FOXF1 as a fairly specific (87%) but insensitive (65%) marker of hilar and extrahepatic CCA and metastatic PDAC (p = 0.005). CRP immunohistochemistry was characterized by a high sensitivity and specificity, of 79% and 88%, respectively (p = 0.001). We did not identify any histomorphological features associated with either types of CCA or metastatic PDAC. As a conclusion of novel finding, FOXF1 immunohistochemistry may be regarded as a specific but insensitive marker of hilar/extrahepatic CCA and metastatic PDAC and it may help distinguish them from peripheral CCA.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• duktální karcinom pankreatu metabolismus   sekundární   MeSH
• forkhead transkripční faktory metabolismus   MeSH
• hepatocelulární karcinom metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• Klatskinův nádor metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• míra přežití MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory jater metabolismus   sekundární   MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• nádory žlučových cest metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND CNS involvement in Hodgkin lymphoma is rare. Despite various treatment options, median overall survival is only 13 months after diagnosis of CNS involvement in relapsed/refractory HL. CASE REPORT A 29-year-old woman with classical HL (mixed cellularity) in clinical stage IIB was treated with multilineage chemotherapy and radiotherapy without achieving a sustained complete remission. Systemic and CNS progression of HL occurred at the age of 32 years and the patient received 2 cycles of brentuximab vedotin with bendamustine alternating with 2 cycles of high-dose methotrexate-based treatment and achieved partial remission. She then underwent autologous stem cell transplantation followed by brentuximab vedotin consolidation. The disease progressed and the patient died 6 months after the last dose of brentuximab vedotin. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated a durable response to brentuximab vedotin-based chemotherapy in a patient with refractory Hodgkin lymphoma with CNS involvement. Prognosis of these patients is poor and new treatment options are needed.

• MeSH
• autologní transplantace MeSH
• brentuximab vedotin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fatální výsledek MeSH
• Hodgkinova nemoc patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory centrálního nervového systému terapie   MeSH
• PET/CT MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• progrese nemoci * MeSH
• protokoly antitumorózní kombinované chemoterapie terapeutické užití   MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk MeSH
• záchranná terapie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

Background: The initial core infarct volume predicts treatment outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). According to the literature, CT perfusion (CTP) is able to evaluate cerebral parenchymal viability and assess the initial core in AIS. We prospectively studied whether limited-coverage CTP with automated core calculation correlates with the final infarct volume on follow-up non-enhanced CT (NECT) in patients successfully treated by mechanical thrombectomy. Methods: We enrolled 31 stroke patients (20 women aged 74.4±12.9 years and 11 men aged 66±15.4 years; median initial NIHSS score 15.5) with occlusion of the medial cerebral artery and/or the internal carotid artery that were treated by successful mechanical thrombectomy. CTP performed in a 38.6 mm slab at the level of basal ganglia was included in the CT stroke protocol, but was not used to determine indication for mechanical thrombectomy. The infarction core volume based on CTP was automatically calculated using dedicated software with a threshold defined as cerebral blood flow <30% of the value in the contralateral healthy hemisphere. The final infarction volume was measured on 24-hour follow-up NECT in the same slab with respect to CTP. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and robust linear regression were used for comparison of both volumes, P values <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The median time from stroke onset to CT was 77 minutes (range, 31-284 minutes), and the median time from CT to vessel recanalization was 95 minutes (range, 55-215 minutes). The mean CTP-calculated core infarct volume was 24.3±19.2 mL (median 19 mL, range 1-79 mL), while the mean final infarct volume was 21.5±39.5 mL (median 8 mL; range 0-210 mL). Only a weak relationship was found between the CTP-calculated core and final infarct volume [Pr(29) =0.32, P=0.078; rho =0.40, P=0.028]. Regression analysis showed CTP significantly overestimated lower volumes. Conclusions: In our prospective study, the infarction core calculated using limited-coverage CTP only weakly correlated with the final infarction volume measured on 24-hour follow-up NECT; moreover, CTP significantly overestimated lower volumes. Our results do not support the use of limited-coverage CTP for guiding treatment recommendations in patients with AIS.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH