Parabens are a group of chemicals used as preservatives in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. They are known to possess estrogenic effects, and therefore have been classified as endocrine disruptors. In addition to the classical endocrine organs, other tissues have endocrine activity, including adipose tissue. Several chemicals are known to cause obesogenic effects, and parabens are currently being studied in this context. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible connections of paraben exposure and obesity. Blood plasma from 27 healthy women was collected during their menstrual cycle. Basal anthropometric measures, levels of parabens (methylparaben, ethylparaben and propylparaben), adipokines (adiponectin, adipsin, leptin, resistin and visfatin) and hormones affecting energy balance and metabolic health (c-peptide, ghreline, GIP, GLP-1, glucagon, insulin, PAI-1) were measured. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed higher methylparaben and propylparaben levels in women with BMI 25-34.9 compared to those with BMI 18.5-24.9. Plasma levels of methylparaben as well as the sum of parabens were positively associated with the plasma adipsin levels. Negative associations for methylparaben were found for glucagon, leptin and PAI-1. In accordance with other experimental studies we observed important associations of methylparaben and hormones affecting energy balance and metabolic health, indicating its obesogenic potential.
- MeSH
- adipokiny krev MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- energetický metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- konzervační prostředky farmaceutické metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita krev diagnóza MeSH
- parabeny metabolismus MeSH
- potravinářské konzervační látky metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are distinct pathologies with impaired insulin sensitivity as a common feature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of fat tissue adipokines and gastrointestinal incretins to glucose load in patients diagnosed with one of the two disorders and to compare it with healthy controls. Oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) was performed in 77 lean young women: 22 had positive history of GDM, 19 were PCOS patients, and 36 were healthy controls. Hormones were evaluated in fasting and in 60 min intervals during the 3 h oGTT using Bio-Plex ProHuman Diabetes 10-Plex Assay for C-peptide, ghrelin, GIP, GLP1, glucagon, insulin, leptin, total PAI1, resistin, visfatin and Bio-Plex ProHuman Diabetes Adipsin and Adiponectin Assays (Bio-Rad). Despite lean body composition, both PCOS and GDM women were more insulin resistant than controls. Significant postchallenge differences between the GDM and PCOS groups were observed in secretion of adipsin, leptin, glucagon, visfatin, ghrelin, GIP, and also GLP1 with higher levels in GDM. Conversely, PCOS was associated with the highest resistin, C-peptide, and PAI1 levels. Our data suggest that decreased insulin sensitivity observed in lean women with GDM and PCOS is associated with distinct hormonal response of fat and gastrointestinal tissue to glucose load.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gastrointestinální trakt metabolismus MeSH
- gestační diabetes metabolismus MeSH
- hormony krev MeSH
- inzulin krev MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence MeSH
- krevní glukóza metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- omezení příjmu potravy metabolismus MeSH
- syndrom polycystických ovarií metabolismus MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- tuková tkáň metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, with a prevalence that is rising every year. AD is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance, and is therefore sometimes called "type 3 diabetes mellitus". The aim of this study was to examine whether the variants of some candidate genes involved in the development of AD, namely BIN1 (rs744373), CLU (rs11136000), CR1 (rs3818361), and PICALM (rs3851179), are related to several disorders of glucose metabolism-gestational diabetes (GDM), T2DM and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Our study included 550 women with former GDM and 717 control women, 392 patients with T2DM and 180 non-diabetic controls, and 117 patients with IGT and 630 controls with normal glucose tolerance. Genotyping analysis was performed using specially-designed TaqMan assays. No significant associations of the genetic variants rs744373 in BIN1, rs11136000 in CLU, or rs3818361 in CR1 were found with GDM, T2DM or IGT, but rs3851179 in PICALM was associated with an increased risk of GDM. The frequency of the AD risk-associated C allele was significantly higher in the GDM group compared to controls: OR 1.21; 95% CI (1.03-1.44). This finding was not apparent in T2DM and IGT; conversely, the C allele of the PICALM SNP was protective for IGT: OR 0.67; 95% CI (0.51-0.89). This study demonstrates an association between PICALM rs3851179 and GDM as well as IGT. However, elucidation of the possible role of this gene in the pathogenesis of GDM requires further independent studies.
- MeSH
- adaptorové proteiny signální transdukční krev genetika MeSH
- alely MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc komplikace genetika MeSH
- běloši genetika MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu genetika MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- frekvence genu MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- genetické asociační studie metody MeSH
- gestační diabetes genetika metabolismus MeSH
- jaderné proteiny krev genetika MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus genetika MeSH
- klusterin krev genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monomerní proteiny vytvářející klathrin krev genetika MeSH
- nádorové supresorové proteiny krev genetika MeSH
- odds ratio MeSH
- porucha glukózové tolerance genetika metabolismus MeSH
- receptory komplementu 3b krev genetika MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
