INTRODUCTION: The role of eicosanoids, metabolites of arachidonic acid with cardio-renal activity, remains unclear in human heart failure (HF). METHODS: We enrolled 50 patients with HF to measure plasma 14,15-EET and 14,15-DHET levels using commercial ELISA kits and compared them with 25 age- and sex-matched controls. RESULTS: Both of the measured eicosanoids were significantly higher in the HF group: 14,15-EET (91.3 ±25.7 ng/ml vs. 64.95 ±35.4 ng/ml) and 14,15-DHET (10.58 ±2.06 ng/ml vs. 9.07 ±1.60 ng/ml), p for both < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: We found that peripheral plasma eicosanoid (14,15-EET, 14,15-DHET) levels are raised in patients with HF compared to age- and sex-matched controls.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Vitis vinifera canes are waste material of grapevine pruning and thus represent cheap source of high-value polyphenols. In view of the fact that resistance of many pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics is a growing problem, the antimicrobial activity of plant polyphenols is studied as one of the possible approaches. We have investigated the total phenolic content, composition, antioxidant activity, and antifungal activity against Candida biofilm of an extract from winter canes and a commercially available extract from blue grapes. Light microscopy and confocal microscopy imaging as well as crystal violet staining were used to quantify and visualize the biofilm. We found a decrease in cell adhesion to the surface depending on the concentration of resveratrol in the cane extract. The biofilm formation was observed as metabolic activity of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei biofilm cells and the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations were determined. The highest inhibition of metabolic activity was observed in Candida albicans biofilm after treatment with the cane extract (30 mg/L) and blue grape extract (50 mg/L). The composition of cane extract was analyzed and found to be comparatively different from blue grape extract. In addition, the content of total phenolic groups in cane extract was three-times higher (12.75 gGA/L). The results showed that cane extract was more effective in preventing biofilm formation than blue grape extract and winter canes have proven to be a potential source of polyphenols for antimicrobial and antibiofilm treatment.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Cíl studie: Acidolabilní pojednotka (ALS) jako glykoproteinová součást ternárního komplexu IGF-1/IGFBP-3/ALS reguluje bioaktivitu a prodlužuje poločas IGF-1, čímž přispívá k řízení tělesného růstu. Proteinovou složku ALS kóduje gen IGFALS. Zkoumali jsme vliv růstového hormonu (GH) na hladiny ALS a dalších složek ternárního komplexu a možnost identifikovat podle nízkých hladin ALS pacienty s patogenními variantami genu IGFALS. Metody: U 511 dětí s deficitem GH (GHD) a/nebo u dětí s poruchou růstu navazující na malou velikost při narození (SGA-SS) jsme při léčbě GH analyzovali hladiny a vzájemnou korelaci všech tří složek ternárního komplexu. U tří dětí s nízkou hladinou ALS jsme následně sekvenovali gen IGFALS. Vliv podání GH na složky ternárního komplexu jsme studovali u 23 dětí s GHD nebo SGA-SS neurčené etiologie. Výsledky: U 511 dětí s GHD a/nebo SGA-SS na dlouhodobé léčbě GH byla hladina ALS 8750 μg/l (medián; Q1-Q3: 6353–10 963), hladina IGF-1 233 μg/l (Q1-Q3: 147–329), což odpovídalo +1,21 SD (Q1-Q3: -0,11 až +2,45), a hladina IGFBP-3 5660 μg/l (Q1-Q3: 4668–6800), což odpovídalo +3,65 SD (Q1-Q3: +1,81 až +5,97 SD). Hladiny ALS těsně korelovaly s IGF-1 (r = 0,70; p <0,0001) i s IGFBP-3 (r = 0,61; p <0,0001). Sangerova sekvenace IGFALSu dětí s nízkou hladinou ALS (369, 487 a 1490 μg/l) neprokázala patogenní ani jinou variantu genu. U 23 dětí s GHD nebo SGA-SS stoupla po 3–4 měsících podávání GH hladina ALS z 4859 (medián; Q1-Q3: 4176–6240) na 6681 (5413–8332) μg/l (p = 0,0004), hladina IGF-1 z 68 (46–114) na 146 (84–178) μg/l (p <0,0001) a hladina IGFBP-3 z 3390 (2820–4030) na 4700 (3940–5300) μg/l (p <0,0001). Vliv GH na IGF-1 (213 % výchozí hodnoty) je výraznější než na IGFBP-3 (132 %; p <0,0001) a ALS (139 %; p <0,0001). Závěry: Měření hladin ALS není efektivní pro detekci mutací IGFALS. GH zvyšuje hladiny ALS, ale biochemické stanovení ALS má jen nevýznamnou přidanou hodnotu pro diagnostiku a sledování dětí s malým vzrůstem.
Aims: Acid-labile subunit (ALS) as a glycoprotein component of the ternary complex IGF-1/IGFBP-3/ALS co-regulates bioactivity and prolongs half-life of IGF-1 and thus substantially contributes to regulation of statural growth. Protein component of ALS is encoded by IGFALS gene. We studied the impact of growth hormone (GH) on circulating levels of ALS and additional ternary complex components, and the option to identify carriers of pathogenic variants of IGFALS gene according to low ALS levels. Methods: We studied interrelations between ternary complex components in 511 children on GH therapy. Children with low ALS levels underwent IGFALS sequencing. We monitored the effect of GH therapy on the ternary complex in 23 children treated for GH deficiency (GHD) or for short stature after having been born small for gestational age (SGA-SS). Results: In 511 children with GHD and/or SGA-SS on long-term GH therapy ALS level was 8750 μg/l (median; Q1-Q3: 6353–10963), IGF-1 was 233 μg/l (Q1-Q3: 147–329), corresponding to +1.21 SD (Q1-Q3: from -0.11 to +2.45), and IGFBP-3 was 5660 μg/l (Q1-Q3: 4668–6800), corresponding to +3.65 SD (Q1-Q3: from +1.81 to +5.97 SD). ALS is strongly interrelated with IGF-1 (r=0.70; p<0.0001) and with IGFBP-3 (r=0.61; p<0.0001). IGFALS Sanger sequencing in three children with low ALS levels (369, 487 and 1490 μg/l) displayed normal results. In 23 children following 3–4 months of GH therapy, ALS increased from 4859 (median; Q1-Q3: 4176-6240) to 6681 (5413-8332) μg/l (p=0.0004), IGF-1 from 68 (46-114) to 146 (84-178) μg/l (p<0.0001) and IGFBP-3 from 3390 (2820–4030) to 4700 (3940–5300) μg/l (p<0.0001). The impact of GH is more pronounced in IGF-1 (213% increase) compared to IGFBP-3 (132%; p<0.0001) and ALS (139%; p<0.0001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that estimation of ALS levels is ineffective to detect IGFALS gene mutations. Biochemical measurements of ALS do not substantially contribute to diagnostic work-up and to follow-up in short stature children, according to our experience.
- Klíčová slova
- acidolabilní podjednotka,
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- faktory ternárních komplexů analýza MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidský růstový hormon MeSH
- poruchy růstu * genetika patofyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- autoprotilátky * analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- beta-buňky patologie MeSH
- časná diagnóza MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu * etiologie MeSH
- diabetes mellitus epidemiologie klasifikace MeSH
- ELISA využití MeSH
- insulinové protilátky analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- radioligandová zkouška metody využití MeSH
- zinkový transportér 8 analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- autoprotilátky * analýza MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu * diagnóza MeSH
- imunoanalýza metody přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
A survey of useful methods for separation and identification of regioisomers and enantiomers of triacylglycerols. Gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, (13)C NMR determination of regioisomers by enzymatic methods, and supercritical fluid chromatography are briefly surveyed, whereas a detailed description is given of the analysis of triacylglycerols by liquid chromatography, especially with silver ion (Ag(+); argentation), and nonaqueous reversed phase liquid chromatography. Special attention is paid to chiral chromatography. Details of mass spectrometry of triacylglycerols are also described, especially the identification of important triacylglycerol ions such as [M + H-RCOOH](+) in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectra.
Oxidative stress induced by zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVIs) was used to improve lipid accumulation in various oleaginous and non-oleginous yeasts-Candida sp., Kluyveromyces polysporus, Rhodotorula glutinis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torulospora delbrueckii, Trichosporon cutaneum, and Yarrowia lipolytica. The highest lipid yields occurred at 9-13 mg/L nZVIs. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the fatty acids. It showed an increasing abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially essential linoleic acid, in the presence of nZVIs. Our results suggest that nZVIs can be used to improve not only lipid production by oleaginous microorganisms but also the nutritional value of biosynthesized unsaturated fatty acids.
- MeSH
- cytosol chemie MeSH
- kvasinky účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- mastné kyseliny analýza MeSH
- metabolismus lipidů * MeSH
- nanočástice metabolismus MeSH
- oxidační stres * MeSH
- plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
- železo metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) are a relatively new option for the treatment of contaminated soil and groundwater. However, because of their apparent toxicity, nZVI in high concentrations are known to interfere with many autochthonous microorganisms and, thus, impact their participation in the remediation process. The effect of two commercially available nZVI products, Nanofer 25 (non-stabilized) and Nanofer 25S (stabilized), was examined. Considerable toxicity to the soil yeast Trichosporon cutaneum was observed. Two chemically different humic substances (HSs) were studied as a possible protection agent that mitigates nZVI toxicity: oxidized oxyhumolite X6 and humic acid X3A. The effect of addition of HSs was studied in different phases of the experiment to establish the effect on cells and nZVI. SEM and TEM images revealed an ability of both types of nZVI and HSs to adsorb on surface of the cells. Changes in cell surface properties were also observed by zeta potential measurements. Our results indicate that HSs can act as an electrosteric barrier, which hinders mutual interaction between nZVI and treated cell. Thus, the application of HS seems to be a promising solution to mitigating the toxic action of nZVI.
Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) are used in remediation technologies. However, their high reactivity is responsible for the nZVI toxicity against autochthonal microorganisms whose participation on a remediation process is important. The aim of this study was to investigate the application of humic substances as a potential protective agent. The activity of nZVI and protective effect of humic substances were studied on gram-positive soil bacteria Rhodococcus erythropolis (CCM 2595). The effectiveness of the humic substances under study was evaluated by the measurement of the cell viability and by tests characterizing the oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation.
- MeSH
- huminové látky * využití MeSH
- kovové nanočástice * toxicita MeSH
- mikrobiologie životního prostředí MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- Rhodococcus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- spektrofotometrie MeSH
- železo MeSH
- znečištění životního prostředí MeSH
