Ticks are important vectors of various microorganisms, including bacteria. In this study, we examined Hyalomma aegyptium ticks collected from 240 spur-thighed tortoises Testudo graeca at 42 localities in the Mediterranean and Middle East and analysed them for the presence of bacteria of the genera Anaplasma, Borrelia, Coxiella, and Rickettsia. Altogether, 576 out of 928 analysed ticks (62.1%) were positive for at least one of the tested bacteria. The highest prevalence in individual ticks was found for Borrelia turcica (43.6%), followed by Rickettsia (12.3%) and Anaplasma (6.1%). No sample was positive for Coxiella burnetii. Among Rickettsia, we detected two species, Rickettsia africae and Rickettsia aeschlimannii, and also other unspecified Rickettsia. Anaplasma (100% identity with A. phagocytophilum) was detected at 15 (35%) out of 42 studied localities, any of Rickettsia at 28 (67%), and B. turcica at 32 (76%) localities. The geographic distribution of the studied microorganisms varied, with none of them detected in Syria, and only Rickettsia spp. detected in Morocco. Sequence analysis revealed substantial genetic variability in all detected agents, with the most variable (36 new haplotypes) being glpQ gene used as a marker for B. turcica. We also analysed the prevalence of various co-infections among studied ticks, with the mean number of co-infected ticks per tortoise increased with the number of ticks per tortoise. However, the frequencies of co-infected ticks do not indicate the presence of antagonistic or synergistic facilitative interactions between the agents. According to our data, we could expect that the eco-epidemiological importance of H. aegyptium does not stem from their tortoise hosts but rather from the low host specificity of its larvae and nymphs, feeding on a wider spectrum of reptilian, avian, and mammalian hosts.

• MeSH
• Anaplasma * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Borrelia izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Coxiella izolace a purifikace   genetika   MeSH
• infestace klíšťaty veterinární   epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• Ixodidae * mikrobiologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Rickettsia * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• želvy * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Střední východ MeSH
• Středomoří MeSH

BACKGROUND: This 20-year retrospective study aimed to evaluate the treatment methods used in patients with impacted maxillary permanent canines and to determine the occurrence of ankylotic and resorptive processes and their association with potential risk factors. METHODS: The cohort consisted of 351 consecutive Caucasian patients (120 males and 231 females, mean age 18.4 and 19.9 years, respectively) with 420 impacted maxillary permanent canines. CT and CBCT findings were subsequently confirmed during surgery. Statistical analyses were performed by the generalized linear models, Pearson x2 and Fisher exact tests using the statistical programs R and Statistica v. 14. RESULTS: A total of 273 (65.0%) impacted canines were aligned in the dental arch by orthodontic traction after surgical exposure, this treatment was predominant in patients under 20 years of age. Surgical extraction was performed in 115 (27.2%) impacted canines and was more common in older patients. Ankylotic changes were recorded in 61 (14.5%) impacted canines. The probability of ankylosis increased with age, particularly after the patient's 20th year of life (p < 0.001). Patients were 1.2% likely to develop ankylosis at age 15 years, 4.3% at age 20 years, 14.1% at age 25 years, and 96.8% at age 45 years. Invasive cervical root resorption (ICRR) was found in 8 (1.9%) canines. In 4 canines (1.0%), root ankylosis in addition to ICRR was observed. In contrast to ankylosis, whose frequency of occurrence increased with age, the occurrence of ICRR resulting from PDL damage during surgery was more typical in younger patients. Canines in a high position above the root apices of the adjacent teeth, with a horizontal inclination of the longitudinal axis, with the crown located deep in the center of the alveolar bone and with labiopalatal position, should be considered critically impacted canines with a high risk to failure of orthodontic traction. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the treatment of impacted canines depends mainly on the age of the patient, and the position and inclination of the longitudinal axis of the impacted tooth. To select an adequate treatment method, we recommend CBCT examination, which allows a precise analysis of the position of impacted canines.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• extrakce zubů MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• maxila * chirurgie   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ortodontická extruze metody   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• počítačová tomografie s kuželovým svazkem * MeSH
• resorpce zubního kořene diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• špičák * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zaklíněný zub * chirurgie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• zubní ankylóza * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Orthodontic treatment is associated with numerous adverse side effects, such as enamel discoloration, demineralization or even caries. The presence of microleakage between the enamel and the adhesive and between the adhesive and the base of the orthodontic bracket allows penetration of the bacteria, molecules, and liquids into the enamel and can lead to unpleasant "white spot lesions" or secondary caries beneath and around the brackets. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate microleakage in five adhesive systems commonly used in orthodontic practice for bonding brackets. METHODS: One hundred extracted premolars were divided into five groups of twenty teeth. Stainless steel Legend medium metal brackets were bonded to teeth using five adhesive systems: resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement GC Fuji Ortho LC (GCF) and composite materials Light Bond (LB), Transbond XT (TB), TrulockTM Light Activated Adhesive (TL), and GC Ortho Connect (GCO). The specimens were subjected to thermal cycling, stained with 2% methylene blue, sectioned with low-speed diamond saw Isomet and evaluated under a digital microscope. Microleakage was detected at the enamel-adhesive and adhesive-bracket interfaces from occlusal and gingival margins. Statistical analysis was performed using generalized linear mixed models with beta error distribution. RESULTS: Microleakage was observed in all materials, with GCF showing the highest amount of microleakage. Composite materials GCO, TB, and LB exhibited the lowest amount of microleakage with no statistical difference between them, while TL showed a statistically significantly higher amount of microleakage (p < 0.001). The enamel-adhesive interface had more microleakage in all composite materials (GCO, LB, TB, and TL) than the adhesive bracket-interface (p < 0.001). The highest amount of microleakage occurred in the gingival region in all materials. CONCLUSION: Composite materials showed better adhesive properties than a resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement. The presence of microleakage at the enamel-adhesive interface facilitates the penetration of various substances into enamel surfaces, causing enamel demineralization and the development of dental caries.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ortodontické zámky * MeSH
• skloionomerní cementy MeSH
• výzkumný projekt MeSH
• zubní kaz * MeSH
• zubní sklovina MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The aim of this study was to evaluate if cytoplasmic transfer can improve fertilization and embryo quality of women with oocytes of low quality. During ICSI, 10-15% of the cytoplasm from a fresh or frozen young donor oocyte was added to the recipient oocyte. According to the embryo quality, we defined group A as patients in which the best embryo was evident after cytoplasmic transfer and group B as patients in which the best embryo was evident after a simple ICSI. We investigated in the period of 2002-2018, 125 in vitro fertilization cycles involving 1011 fertilized oocytes. Five hundred fifty-seven sibling oocytes were fertilized using ICSI only and 454 oocytes with cytoplasmic transfer. Fertilization rates of oocytes were 67.2% in the cytoplasmic transfer and 53.5% in the ICSI groups (P < 0.001). A reduction in fertilization rate was observed with increased women age in the ICSI but not in the cytoplasmic transfer groups. The best embryo quality was found after cytoplasmic transfer in 78 cycles (62.4%) and without cytoplasmic transfer in 40 cycles (32%, P < 0.001). No significant differences were detected between the age, hormonal levels, dose of stimulation drugs, number of transferred embryos, pregnancy rate and abortion rate between A and B groups. Cytoplasmic transfer improves fertilization rates and early embryo development in humans with low oocyte quality. All 28 children resulting from cytoplasmic transfer are healthy.

• MeSH
• cytoplazma MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fertilizace in vitro metody   MeSH
• fertilizace * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oocyty fyziologie   MeSH
• přenos embrya metody   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• úhrn těhotenství na počet žen v reprodukčním věku MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Studies of tick-borne diseases (TBDs) in Europe focus on pathogens with principal medical importance (e.g. Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis), but we have limited epidemiological information on the neglected pathogens, such as the members of the genera Anaplasma, Rickettsia, Babesia and Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis. Here, we integrated an extensive field sampling, laboratory analysis and GIS models to provide first publicly available information on pathogen diversity, prevalence and infection risk for four overlooked zoonotic TBDs in the Czech Republic. In addition, we assessed the effect of landscape variables on the abundance of questing ticks at different spatial scales and examined whether pathogen prevalence increased with tick density. Our data from 13,340 ticks collected in 142 municipalities showed that A. phagocytophilum (MIR = 3.5%) and Ca. Neoehrlichia mikurensis (MIR = 4.0%) pose geographically uneven risks with localized hotspots, while Rickettsia (MIR = 4.9%) and Babesia (MIR = 1.1%) had relatively homogeneous spatial distribution. Landscape variables had significant effect on tick abundance up to the scale of 1 km around the sampling sites. Questing ticks responded positively to landscape diversity and configuration, especially to forest patch density that strongly correlates with the amount of woodland-grassland ecotones. For all four pathogens, we found higher prevalence in places with higher densities of ticks, confirming the hypothesis that tick abundance amplifies the risk of TB infection. Our findings highlight the importance of landscape parameters for tick vectors, likely due to their effect on small vertebrates as reservoir hosts. Future studies should explicitly investigate the combined effect of landscape parameters and the composition and population dynamics of hosts on the host-vector-pathogen system.

• MeSH
• Anaplasmataceae izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Babesia izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Ixodidae mikrobiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• Rickettsia izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• životní prostředí MeSH
• zoonózy * mikrobiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Projekt sleduje pomocí studia distribuce, abundance a prevalence třech skupin relativně přehlížených, klíšťaty přenosných patogenů, (a sice zástupců rodů Rickettsia, Anaplasma a Babesia) dva hlavní cíle. Prvním z nich je prostřednictvím modelování v prostředí GIS vytvořit české mapy rizik pro výše zmíněné skupiny patogenních agens. Druhým cílem je tvorba veřejně přístupné aplikace pro možnost následných analýz rozšíření a početnosti různých studovaných patogenů. K dosažení těchto cílů projekt využívá komplexní přístup, včetně studia evolučních vztahů jednotlivých získaných izolátů a jejich taxonomie. Nezbytnou součástí projektu je příprava rychlé, specifické, citlivé a spolehlivé kvantitativní diagnostické metodiky. V projektu bude objasněna také biodiverzita studovaných skupin ve vztahu k ČR. Získané výsledky poslouží jako platforma pro další studium klíšťaty přenosných patogenů, včetně dosud opomíjených skupin. Metodicky projekt využívá výhod komplementárních dovedností dvou spolupracujících týmů.; The project aims to investigate distribution, abundance, and prevalence of pathogenic agents of the genera Rickettsia, Anaplasma and Babesia and using these models focus two main objectives. First of them is to prepare, applying GIS modelling, epidemiological risk maps for these agents in the Czech Republic. Preparation of publicly available platform useful also in future analyses of distribution and abundance of various agents represents the second objective. To achieve this, the project employs complex approach, including study of evolutionary relationships of particular collected isolates and their taxonomy. Establishment of fast, specific, sensitive, and reliable quantitative diagnostic method is essential part of the project. Biodiversity of studied model groups in the Czech Republic will be also clarified. Obtained results will be available as platform for following studies of tick-borne pathogenic agents, including yet neglected groups. Complementary skills of both cooperating teams are indisputably useful advantage of the proposed project.

• MeSH
• Anaplasma patogenita   MeSH
• Babesia patogenita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mobilní aplikace MeSH
• multiplexová polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• nemoci přenášené klíšťaty epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• ohnisko nemoci MeSH
• primární prevence MeSH
• Rickettsia patogenita   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• epidemiologie
• infekční lékařství
• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR

Using long-term data on incidences of Lyme disease and tickborne encephalitis, we showed that the dynamics of both diseases in central Europe are predictable from rodent host densities and climate indices. Our approach offers a simple and effective tool to predict a tickborne disease risk 1 year in advance.

• MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• klíště MeSH
• klíšťová encefalitida epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus * fyziologie   MeSH
• lymeská nemoc epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• nemoci přenášené klíšťaty * epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• podnebí * MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• zdroje nemoci MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus * fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• východní Evropa MeSH

Cíl studie: Ověřit vliv hyaluronanem obohaceného transferového média EmbryoGlue (EG) na úspěšnost embryotransferu. Typ studie: Prospektivní studie. Název a sídlo pracoviště: Fertimed, centrum pro léčbu neplodnosti, Olomouc. Metodika: Do studie bylo zařazeno 484 pacientek podstupujících IVF + ET, které byly rozděleny podle použitého média při transferu: kultivační médium Sage nebo Vitrolife (n = 135) a transferové médium EG (n = 349). Byl hodnocen i vliv dalších faktorů: věku, počtu získaných oocytů, procenta fertilizovaných oocytů, výšky endometria v den transferu, počtu konzervovaných embryí, počtu přenesených embryí a délky kultivace (48, 72, 96, 120 h). Tyto faktory byly považovány za kvantitativní proměnné, zatímco způsob hormonální stimulace, typ kultivačního média a použití EG byly považovány za kvalitativní (kategorické) proměnné. Výsledky: Při použití EG se pravděpodobnost otěhotnění zvýšila průměrně o 9 %. Byl prokázán negativní vliv vyššího věku na implantační poměr a pozitivní vliv prodloužené kultivace. Vliv EG na potratovost prokázán nebyl. Pravděpodobnost potratu klesala s vyšší fertilizací oocytů. Typ použitého one-step kultivačního média (Sage nebo Vitrolife) před použitím EG neovlivnil výsledek gravidity. Závěr: Použití transferového média EmbryoGlue při embryotransferu pozitivně ovlivňuje pregnancy rate (PR). Ovlivnění těhotenských ztrát použitím EG prokázáno nebylo.

Objective: Verification of the effect of EmbryoGlue (EG) transfer medium enriched with hyaluronan on the embryo transfer success rate. Design: A prospective study. Setting: Fertimed, Fertility Treatment Centre, Olomouc. Methods: 484 patients undergoing IVF + ET were engaged who were divided according to the medium used during transfer: Sage or Vitrolife culture medium (n = 135) and EG transfer medium (n = 349). The influence of other factors was also evaluated: age, number of received oocytes, percentage of fertilised oocytes, endometrium height on the day of transfer, number of preserved embryos, number of transferred embryos and the length of cultivation (48, 72, 96, 120 h). These factors were considered quantitative variables while the method of hormone stimulation, the type of culture medium and the application of EG were considered qualitative (categorical) variables. Results: With the use of EG the chances of conception increased by approximately 9%. The negative effect of higher age on implantation proportion and the positive effect of cultivation prolongation were proven. The effect of EG on miscarriages was not proven. The probability of miscarriage diminished with higher oocyte fertilisation. The culture medium used (Sage or Vitrolife) before the application of EG does not affect the gravidity result. Conclusion: Using the transfer medium of EmbryoGlue before embryo transfer affects the pregnancy rate (PR) in a positive manner. The influence on pregnancy loss with the application of EG was not proven.

• MeSH
• asistovaná reprodukce MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kyselina hyaluronová * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• přenos embrya * metody   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Cíl studie: U pacientek po embryotransferu prošetřit prediktivní vliv hladiny lidského choriového gonadotropinu (hCG) na pravděpodobnost ukončení těhotenství porodem. Typ studie: Retrospektivní studie. Název a sídlo pracoviště: Fertimed, centrum pro léčbu neplodnosti, Olomouc. Metodika: Do studie bylo zařazeno 490 pacientek těhotných po léčbě IVF/ICSI + ET. Byl hodnocen i vliv dalších faktorů: věku (pacientky 20-50 let), počtu přenesených embryí (jedno, dvě a více) a délky kultivace na pravděpodobnost vzniku těhotenství, vícečetného těhotenství, abortu a biochemického těhotenství. Transferovaná embrya byla rozdělena do dvou skupin - časná (kultivace 48 a 72 h) a prodloužená kultivace (PK 96 a 120 h). Hladina hCG byla vyšetřována 9-17 dnů po ET. Data byla analyzována jako multinomická proměnná se čtyřmi úrovněmi pomocí multinomického logistického modelu s multinomickou distribucí chyby a generalizovanou logitovou link function. Výsledky: Hladina hCG exponenciálně roste v průběhu 9. až 17. dne po embryotransferu (ET). Pravděpodobnost porodu jednoho dítěte po transferu jednoho embrya přenášeného po prodloužené kultivaci (96 nebo 120 h) roste s průměrnými a nadprůměrnými hodnotami hCG v den odběru. Hodnota hCG u těhotenství ukončeného porodem byla 14. den po ET 678 (564-815) IU/l, u abortu byla průměrně 321 (216-477) IU/l, u biochemického těhotenství 82 (51-132) IU/l a u vícečetných těhotenství 1070 (737-1554) IU/l. Při silně nadprůměrných hodnotách hCG se zvyšovala pravděpodobnost vícečetného těhotenství, a naopak podprůměrné hodnoty signalizovaly abort nebo biochemické těhotenství. Nebyl prokázán významný vliv věku pacientky na hladinu hCG, ale se zvyšujícím se věkem se hladina hCG mírně snižovala. Naopak byla znovu potvrzena zvyšující se frekvence abortů v závislosti na vyšším věku matky. Závěr: Naměřené hodnoty hCG se výrazně liší v závislosti na výsledku těhotenství, proto je tato hodnota považována za kvalitní prediktivní faktor výsledku těhotenství.

Objective: To examine patients after embryo transfer for predictive influence of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level on the probability of finishing pregnancy with delivery. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Fertimed, Fertility Treatment Centre, Olomouc. Methods: 490 patients pregnant after IVF + ET treatment placed in the study. The influence of other factors: age (patients 20-50), number of transferred embryos (one, two and more) and the length of cultivation on the probability of finishing pregnancy with delivery or loss and the possibility to predict multiple pregnancy was also related to the known hCG value. The transferred embryos were divided into two groups - early (cultivation 48 and 72 hrs) and prolonged cultivation (PC 96 and 120 hrs). The answer here, therefore, is a multinomial variable with four levels. For that reason the data was analysed through a multinomial logistic model vs. multinomial distribution of a mistake and generalised logistic link function. Results: The hCG level grows exponentially in the course of the 9th to 17th day after an embryo transfer (ET). The probability of one child delivery after the transfer of one embryo overdue after prolonged cultivation (96 or 120 hrs) grows with the average and above-average hCG values on the day of the draw. The hCG value was 678 (564-815) IU/l1 on the 14th day after ET in pregnancy ended in delivery, 321 (216-477) IU/l on average in abortion, 82 (51-132) IU/l in biochemical pregnancy and 1070 (737-1554) IU/l in multiple pregnancy. The probability of multiple pregnancy increased with hCG values greatly above the average and on the other hand, below-average values indicated abortion or biochemical pregnancy. The patient´s age was not proven to be of significant influence, the hCG level slightly decreased with higher age. On the contrary, an increasing frequency of abortions depending on the increasing age of the mother was once again confirmed. Conclusion: The measured hCG values are considerably different depending on the pregnancy result, which is why this value is considered a quality predictive factor of the pregnancy result.

• MeSH
• asistovaná reprodukce * MeSH
• choriogonadotropin * analýza   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• přenos embrya MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

We studied the response of the barn owl annual productivity to the common vole population numbers and variability to test the effects of environmental stochasticity on their life histories. Current theory predicts that temporal environmental variability can affect long-term nonlinear responses (e.g., production of young) both positively and negatively, depending on the shape of the relationship between the response and environmental variables. At the level of the Czech Republic, we examined the shape of the relationship between the annual sum of fledglings (annual productivity) and vole numbers in both non-detrended and detrended data. At the districts' level, we explored whether the degree of synchrony (measured by the correlation coefficient) and the strength of the productivity response increase (measured by the regression coefficient) in areas with higher vole population variability measured by the s-index. We found that the owls' annual productivity increased linearly with vole numbers in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, based on district data, we also found that synchrony between dynamics in owls' reproductive output and vole numbers increased with vole population variability. However, the strength of the response was not affected by the vole population variability. Additionally, we have shown that detrending remarkably increases the Taylor's exponent b relating variance to mean in vole time series, thereby reversing the relationship between the coefficient of variation and the mean. This shift was not responsible for the increased synchrony with vole population variability. Instead, we suggest that higher synchrony could result from high food specialization of owls on the common vole in areas with highly fluctuating vole populations.

• MeSH
• Arvicolinae fyziologie   MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• ekosystém MeSH
• populační dynamika MeSH
• populační růst MeSH
• roční období MeSH
• rozmnožování MeSH
• stochastické procesy MeSH
• Stringiformes fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH