PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Os vesalianum pedis (OVP) is a rare accessory bone of the foot located at the base of the fifth metatarsal bone. It is usually asymptomatic and incidentally seen on radiographs. When symptomatic, it manifests itself with lateral foot pain. OVP, which can become symptomatic as a result of traumatic injuries, can also be confused with fracture. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and morphometric characteristics of OVP in the Turkish population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Radiographic images of 5268 individuals aged 16 years and older (mean 39.65±17.21) who completed ossification of the fifth metatarsal bone were evaluated for OVP. Of the cases included in the study, 44.8% were female and 55.2% were male. The general and sex-based prevalence of OVP was calculated, and morphometric measurements were done. RESULTS: OVP prevalence in the Turkish population was found to be 0.15% regardless of sex. OVP prevalence was calculated to be 0.24% in men and 0.04% in women. CONCLUSIONS: Anatomy, radiology, orthopedics and emergency medicine physicians are frequently encountered with foot disorders in clinical and educational practices. It is important to keep in mind the rare presence of OVP (0.15%), in the preliminary diagnosis. KEY WORDS: os vesalianum pedis, accessory ossicle, foot, radiography.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• klinická relevance MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metatarzální kosti * diagnostické zobrazování   abnormality   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• rentgendiagnostika metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Turecko MeSH

Equine neosporosis is an intracellular protozoan disease with a global distribution, affecting a diverse range of warm-blooded animals. Neospora caninum Dubey, Carpenter, Speer, Topper et Uggla, 1988 is associated with foetal loss, neurological disease and abortion in equids. No information was available regarding equine N. caninum infection among equids in Iraq. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of N. caninum in equines by using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). A total of 329 blood samples randomly selected from equines, comprising 268 horses and 61 donkeys were examined. The seroprevalence rate of N. caninum was determined as 46% (28/61) for donkeys and 24% (64/268) for horses. The prevalence of N. caninum indicated a significantly higher risk of infection in donkeys compared to horses (P < 0.001). However, the odds of N. caninum infection in draught equids were 8.2 times greater than other equids with a significant difference (P < 0.001). The current study revealed no significant differences in the prevalence of N. caninum across various genders, breeds, clinical statuses, disease histories and among equids that had contact with dogs. While outdoor feeding and mixed (grazing), showed a significant difference (P = 0.003) and (P = 0.75), respectively, in the presence of antibodies against N. caninum compared to indoor feeding (stable). Moreover, the odds of infection in equids with a history of late abortion were 4.8 times higher than those without such a history of abortion (2.20-10.56) with statistical significance (P < 0.001).

• MeSH
• ELISA * veterinární   MeSH
• Equidae * parazitologie   MeSH
• kokcidióza * veterinární   epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• koně MeSH
• nemoci koní * epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• Neospora * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• protilátky protozoální krev   MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Schools in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) witnessed an increase of 7% in bullying prevalence since 2005. This review aimed to map antibullying interventions in the UAE. METHODS: A systematic search was performed in five electronic databases (EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and Eric) using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Review. Studies addressing antibullying interventions and grey literature in the UAE from 2010 to 2021 were included. Interventions were mapped using distribution across key sectors, public health practice levels, and organisation types. RESULTS: Of the 2122 identified papers, only 2 were included. Both articles were published in 2019 and used qualitative methods. From the search of governmental and non-governmental websites, 22 multilevel interventions were included and presented on the three levels of public health practice across the different sectors and target stakeholders. Eight interventions were at the federal level, and six were by private stakeholders. The government funded 59% of all interventions. Four interventions addressed cyberbullying, and three used multisectoral collaboration. CONCLUSIONS: Although the UAE is building capacity for bullying prevention, we found limited knowledge of antibullying prevention efforts. Further studies are needed to assess current interventions, strategies and policies.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• šikana * statistika a číselné údaje   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• školní zdravotnické služby MeSH
• školy * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Spojené arabské emiráty MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL), cost-effectiveness, and survival among different types of urinary diversion (UD) utilized after radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer with consideration of the unique economic and cultural context in Iran. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we examined all patients who underwent RC from May 2017 to December 2021 at two specialized centers by the same surgical team. Patients were grouped based on their UD. Post-surgical HRQOL (obtained from EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQBLM-30), financial burden, surgical complications, and survival were compared. Kruskal-Wallis H test, One-way ANOVA, and Kaplan-Meier analyses were utilized; accordingly. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: In total 187 patients were identified-orthotopic neobladder (ONB) (N = 75), ileal conduit (IC) (N = 57), and cutaneous ureterostomy (CU) (N = 55)-and were followed for a median 17.5 (Interquartile range: 7.0, 47.0) months. ONB was associated with better HRQOL, especially in the domains addressing physical, role and social functioning (p = 0.003, 0.011, 0.045) as well as better body image (p < 0.001), lower short- and long-term financial burden (p = 0.034 and <0.001, respectively), marginally lower complication rate (p = 0.049), and better 5-year overall survival (p < 0.001), in comparison with other UDs. Patients who underwent CU had the lowest HRQOL and worst survival. Limitations were retrospective design and possibility of selection bias. CONCLUSIONS: In this first study that assesses a Middle Eastern collective; ONB seems to be the UD of choice with regard to HRQOL and economic burden when there is no contraindication.

• MeSH
• cystektomie * metody   MeSH
• diverze moči * MeSH
• kvalita života * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• míra přežití MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * chirurgie   MeSH
• osobní újma zaviněná nemocí * MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Írán MeSH

BACKGROUND: Despite the implementation of antibullying policies, schools in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) witnessed an increase in bullying prevalence. The aim of our study was to assess bullying victimization in schools in the UAE, types of bullying, and factors and outcomes related to bullying behavior. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in randomly selected private and public schools in Al Ain City. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from students in grades 6-8 (Ages 10-15). We adapted the US CDC 'Bully Survey' for cultural relevance in the UAE through feedback from focus group meetings with teachers. Data analysis, conducted using R software, involved stratified analysis by school type and utilized Chi-Squared and Fisher's exact tests to identify factors associated with school bullying. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 723 students of whom 68% were males, and 58% were Emirati nationals. The overall prevalence of bullying victimization in schools was 37%, with 40% in private schools and 35% in public schools. Cyberbullying was more prevalent in private schools (37%). Physical bullying was reported by 20% and verbal bullying by 12%, with a higher prevalence of physical bullying in private schools (24%) and among males (23%). The study's findings showed significant emotional and academic impacts of bullying, including feelings of sadness and learning difficulties, contributing to a rise in school absenteeism. CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals widespread bullying victimization in UAE schools, mainly in classrooms, with group exclusion and verbal abuse as key forms. It underscores bullying's psychological impact and the greater awareness of parents compared to teachers. The effective intervention strategies should not only involve students, teachers, and school staff, but also actively engage parents by fostering stronger communication channels between schools and families, and providing parents with resources and training to recognize and address bullying. These strategies should aim to create a cohesive network involving the entire school community, thus fostering a safer and more inclusive environment for students. The findings stress the need for inclusive antibullying programs involving the entire school community to foster a safer environment.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• oběti zločinu * statistika a číselné údaje   psychologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• šikana * statistika a číselné údaje   psychologie   MeSH
• školy * MeSH
• studenti psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Spojené arabské emiráty MeSH

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Monogenic diabetes is estimated to account for 1-6% of paediatric diabetes cases in primarily non-consanguineous populations, while the incidence and genetic spectrum in consanguineous regions are insufficiently defined. In this single-centre study we aimed to evaluate diabetes subtypes, obtain the consanguinity rate and study the genetic background of individuals with syndromic and neonatal diabetes in a population with a high rate of consanguinity. METHODS: Data collection was carried out cross-sectionally in November 2021 at the paediatric diabetic clinic, Dr Jamal Ahmad Rashed Hospital, in Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq. At the time of data collection, 754 individuals with diabetes (381 boys) aged up to 16 years were registered. Relevant participant data was obtained from patient files. Consanguinity status was known in 735 (97.5%) participants. Furthermore, 12 families of children with neonatal diabetes and seven families of children with syndromic diabetes consented to genetic testing by next-generation sequencing. Prioritised variants were evaluated using the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: A total of 269 of 735 participants (36.5%) with known consanguinity status were offspring of consanguineous families. An overwhelming majority of participants (714/754, 94.7%) had clinically defined type 1 diabetes (35% of them were born to consanguineous parents), whereas only eight (1.1%) had type 2 diabetes (38% consanguineous). Fourteen (1.9%) had neonatal diabetes (50% consanguineous), seven (0.9%) had syndromic diabetes (100% consanguineous) and 11 (1.5%) had clinically defined MODY (18% consanguineous). We found that consanguinity was significantly associated with syndromic diabetes (p=0.0023) but not with any other diabetes subtype. The genetic cause was elucidated in ten of 12 participants with neonatal diabetes who consented to genetic testing (homozygous variants in GLIS3 [sibling pair], PTF1A and ZNF808 and heterozygous variants in ABCC8 and INS) and four of seven participants with syndromic diabetes (homozygous variants in INSR, SLC29A3 and WFS1 [sibling pair]). In addition, a participant referred as syndromic diabetes was diagnosed with mucolipidosis gamma and probably has type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This unique single-centre study confirms that, even in a highly consanguineous population, clinically defined type 1 diabetes is the prevailing paediatric diabetes subtype. Furthermore, a pathogenic cause of monogenic diabetes was identified in 83% of tested participants with neonatal diabetes and 57% of participants with syndromic diabetes, with most variants being homozygous. Causative genes in our consanguineous participants were markedly different from genes reported from non-consanguineous populations and also from those reported in other consanguineous populations. To correctly diagnose syndromic diabetes in consanguineous populations, it may be necessary to re-evaluate diagnostic criteria and include additional phenotypic features such as short stature and hepatosplenomegaly.

• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 1. typu * epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu * epidemiologie   genetika   diagnóza   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mutace genetika   MeSH
• nemoci novorozenců * genetika   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• pokrevní příbuzenství MeSH
• proteiny přenášející nukleosidy genetika   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák MeSH

Background: An update of the nursing core curriculum was released in 2019 and revised to meet the challenges of the Israeli health system. The revision was based on the Advisory Committee's (2017) recommendations and outcomes of a Nursing Administration Inspection (2018). The implementation process of the nursing core curriculum has never been broadly evaluated in Israel. This study aimed to examine factors associated with concerns of nursing educators during the implementation process. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a representative sample of nursing educators in Israel. 107 nursing educators answered two questionnaires distributed from November 2019 until September 2020: Stages of Concern Questionnaire (SOCQ) and a questionnaire designed for the current research. The statistical analysis included Pearson and Spearman correlations and multiple linear regressions. Results: The findings revealed several associations regarding nursing and educational experience, familiarity, perception, and use of the current (2012) and new (2020) core curriculum, as well as organizational climate, with the nursing faculty members' concerns during innovation implementation. Training was positively related to the final stages of concern, supporting the effectiveness of educators' preparation in the implementation process. Conclusion: A comprehensive approach to the core curriculum revision based on collaboration with educators and advance training on innovation involves the educators in the task and reduces their concerns during the implementation process.

• MeSH
• kurikulum MeSH
• organizační inovace MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• rozšiřování inovací MeSH
• studium ošetřovatelství * metody   MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Izrael MeSH

Uterus transplantation is the surgical treatment for absolute uterine factor infertility (AUFI), a congenital or acquired condition characterized by the absence of a uterus. More than 80 transplants have been performed worldwide, resulting in more than 30 live births, originating both from living and deceased donors. The collection of published articles on deceased donor uterus transplantations was performed in PubMed and SCOPUS by searching for the terms "Uterus transplantation" AND "deceased donor"; from the 107 articles obtained, only case reports and systematic reviews of deceased donor uterus transplantations and the resulting live births were considered for the present manuscript. The extracted data included the date of surgery (year), country, recipient (age and cause of AUFI) and donor (age and parity) details, outcome of recipient surgery (hysterectomy), and live births (date and gestational age). The search of peer-reviewed publications showed 24 deceased donor uterus transplantations and 12 live births (a birth rate of 66%) with a 25% occurrence of graft loss during follow-up (6 of 24). Among this series, twelve transplants were performed in the USA (seven births), five in the Czech Republic (one birth), three in Italy (one birth), two in Turkey (two births), and two in Brazil (one birth). The median recipient age was 29.8 years (range 21-36), while the median donor age was 36.1 years (range 20-57). Of 24 recipients, 100% were affected by MRKH (Mayer-Rokitanski-Kuster-Hauser) syndrome. Two live births were reported from nulliparous donors. Deceased donor uterus transplantation birth rates are very similar to the living donor rates reported in the literature, but ethical implications could be less important in the first group. It is necessary to register every case in the International Registry for Uterus Transplantation in order to perform a systematic review and comparison with living donor rates.

• MeSH
• dárci tkání statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• ductus Mülleri abnormality   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• narození živého dítěte MeSH
• poruchy sexuálního vývoje s karyotypem 46, XX chirurgie   komplikace   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• uterus * transplantace   abnormality   MeSH
• vrozené vady MeSH
• ženská infertilita chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Brazílie MeSH
• Česká republika MeSH
• Itálie MeSH
• Turecko MeSH

As an important source of human food, milk can be a carrier of human pathogenic bacteria, including tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), in its raw and unpasteurized state. In this research, 175 raw milk samples and 175 traditional cheese samples were collected from traditional dairy stores in 22 regions of Tehran in a 9- month period from August 2019 to May 2020. Samples were prepared and transferred to a specialized laboratory, where they were inoculated in Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium containing glycerol or sodium pyruvate, as well as Herrold's egg-yolk with and without Mycobactin J. to determine the sample's identity of samples. The recommended 16S rRNA (1436 bp) and hsp65 (644 bp) gene fragments from the positive isolates identified in Ziehl-Neelsen (Z-N) staining were amplified and sequenced using PCR and compared with the sequences of the gene fragments of reference strains available in the global GenBank database. No mycobacterial species were isolated from traditional cheese samples in microbial culture. In case of raw milk samples, a total of four bacteria were collected, all of which were found in the genetic differential testing to be NTM, including n = 1 Mycobacterium heraklionense, n = 2 Mycolicibacterium fortuitum, and n = 1 Mycobacterium thermoresistibile. The analysis of the results obtained by isolate sequencing using the 16S rRNA gene showed higher discriminatory power and percentage similarities in the identification of the isolates than the hsp65 gene.

• MeSH
• atypické mykobakteriální infekce * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mléko mikrobiologie   MeSH
• netuberkulózní mykobakterie genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S genetika   MeSH
• sýr * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Írán MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Given Iran's recent shift towards pronatalist population policies, concerns have arisen regarding the potential increase in abortion rates. This review study examines the trends of (medical), intentional (illegal), and spontaneous abortions in Iran over the past two decades, as well as the factors that have contributed to these trends. METHODS: This paper reviewed research articles published between 2005 and 2022 on abortion in Iran. The study employed the PRISMA checklist for systematic reviews. Articles were searched from international (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science) and national databases (Magiran, Medlib, SID). Once the eligibility criteria were applied, 42 records were included from the initial 349 records. RESULTS: Abortion is influenced by a variety of socioeconomic and cultural factors and the availability of family planning services. Factors that contribute to unintended pregnancy include attitudes toward abortion, knowledge about reproductive health, access to reproductive health services, and fertility desires, among others. In addition to health and medical factors, consanguineous marriage plays an important role in spontaneous and therapeutic abortion. A higher number of illegal abortions were reported by women from more privileged socioeconomic classes. In comparison, a higher number of medical and spontaneous abortions were reported by women from less privileged socioeconomic classes. CONCLUSION: Iranian policymakers are concerned about the declining fertility rate and have turned to pronatalist policies. From a demographic standpoint, this seems to be a reasonable approach. However, the new population policies, particularly, the Family Protection and Young Population Law, along with creating limitations in access to reproductive health services and prenatal screening tests as well as stricter abortion law could potentially lead to an increase in various types of abortions and their associated consequences.

• MeSH
• indukovaný potrat * statistika a číselné údaje   zákonodárství a právo   trendy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potrat nezákonný statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• samovolný potrat epidemiologie   MeSH
• socioekonomické faktory MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Írán MeSH