PURPOSE: Early detection of mucosal neoplastic lesions is crucial for a patient's prognosis. This has led to the development of effective optical endoscopic diagnostic methods such as narrow band imaging (NBI) and autofluorescence (AFI). Independent of each other, both of these methods were proven useful in the detection of mucosal neoplasias. There are limited reported data comparing both methods for oropharyngeal cancer diagnostics. The aim of the study was to compare NBI and AFI endoscopic visualization of signs in identifying tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and assessing its extent and to determine whether the score was related to the evaluator's experience. METHODS: Patients with tonsillar SCC underwent endoscopic pharyngeal examination using NBI and AFI. Fiftyseven video sequences of examinations of lesions proven to be SCC were evaluated by three reviewers. The accuracy of determination of lesion extent and visualization of its endoscopic signs of malignancy were evaluated. RESULTS: Endoscopic visualization of tumour spread was significantly better using AFI than NBI (p = 0.0003). No significant difference was found between NBI and AFI in the visualization of endoscopic malignancy determining signs (p = 0.1405). No significant difference was found among the three reviewers in the visualization of tumour spread and for identifying malignancy-determining signs in NBI endoscopy or AFI endoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that AFI obtained better results for assessing the extent of tonsillar cancers than NBI. Both methods were proven to be equal in the visualization of endoscopic malignancy-determining signs. Both are useful even for less experienced evaluators.
- MeSH
- adenoidně cystický karcinom metabolismus MeSH
- antigeny CD95 metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ligand Fas metabolismus MeSH
- nádorové mikroprostředí fyziologie MeSH
- nádory slinných žláz metabolismus MeSH
- slinné žlázy metabolismus MeSH
- tumor infiltrující lymfocyty metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Ephedrine is used in treatment of hypotension during anesthesia. We investigated its effects on the psychomotor recovery and its potential adverse reactions on cardiorespiratory functions in rhesus monkeys. METHODS: The monkeys received 50 μg/kg medetomidine, 2.0 mg/kg S-ketamine with 150 IU hyaluronidase i.m. Pulse rate, blood pressure and saturation of haemoglobin were monitored for 20 minutes. Thereafter, 1 mg/kg of ephedrine or a placebo was administered i.m. and behavioural changes, pulse rate, blood pressure and saturation of haemoglobin were monitored every 5 minutes. RESULTS: Ephedrine shortened recovery from anaesthesia from 80.4 ± 25.8 to 14.83 ± 13.70 minutes. Ephedrine also increased oxygen saturation of haemoglobin and systolic blood pressure and caused significant decrease in pulse rate 5 minutes after its administration. CONCLUSIONS: Ephedrine can be successfully used to accelerate psychomotor recovery after the use of common anesthetic protocols combining dissociative anesthetic agent and alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist in primates.
- MeSH
- adrenergní látky farmakologie MeSH
- anestetika disociativní MeSH
- efedrin farmakologie MeSH
- hypnotika a sedativa MeSH
- ketamin MeSH
- krevní tlak účinky léků MeSH
- Macaca mulatta MeSH
- medetomidin MeSH
- probouzení z anestezie MeSH
- psychomotorický výkon účinky léků MeSH
- pulz MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of naphthylmedetomidine to medetomidine on the behavior of orangutans and chimpanzees. METHODS: The immobilization was performed as part of a medical examination in five chimpanzees and three orangutans. Following pre-medication with midazolam (0.70-1.20 mg/kg p.o.), naphthylmedetomidine (50-70 microg/kg), or medetomidine (20-30 microg/kg) was given with ketamine (3 mg/kg) and hyaluronidase (150 M.U.) into musculus deltoideus. RESULTS: We observed the distinct anti-aggressive effect of naphthylmedetomidine. The immobilization with naphthylmedetomidine was shallower and the influence on cardiac frequency less substantial compared to medetomidine. The overall sedative effect of naphthylmedetomidine lasted for less time, and its effect was incompletely antagonized with atipamezole in comparison to medetomidine. CONCLUSIONS: Naphthylmedetomidine could replace medetomidine for inducing immobilization and sedation. A combination of naphthylmedetomidine-ketamine is suitable for relocating animals to other cages or for painless medical examinations.
- MeSH
- hyaluronoglukosaminidasa aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- imobilizace metody veterinární MeSH
- ketamin aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- medetomidin aplikace a dávkování analogy a deriváty MeSH
- Pan troglodytes MeSH
- Pongo MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- behaviorismus MeSH
- estrogeny metabolismus sekrece škodlivé účinky MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- N-methyl-3,4-methylendioxyamfetamin analýza chemie metabolismus MeSH
- progesteron metabolismus sekrece škodlivé účinky MeSH
- psychotropní léky aplikace a dávkování farmakokinetika škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- halucinogeny farmakologie chemie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lokomoce účinky záření MeSH
- modely u zvířat MeSH
- receptor serotoninový 5-HT2C antagonisté a inhibitory účinky léků MeSH
- receptory serotoninové účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
