Carnosine is a performance-enhancing food supplement with a potential to modulate muscle energy metabolism and toxic metabolites disposal. In this study we explored interrelations between carnosine supplementation (2 g/day, 12 weeks) induced effects on carnosine muscle loading and parallel changes in (i) muscle energy metabolism, (ii) serum albumin glycation and (iii) reactive carbonyl species sequestering in twelve (M/F=10/2) sedentary, overweight-to-obese (BMI: 30.0+/-2.7 kg/m2) adults (40.1+/-6.2 years). Muscle carnosine concentration (Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; 1H-MRS), dynamics of muscle energy metabolism (Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; 31P-MRS), body composition (Magnetic Resonance Imaging; MRI), resting energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry), glucose tolerance (oGTT), habitual physical activity (accelerometers), serum carnosine and carnosinase-1 content/activity (ELISA), albumin glycation, urinary carnosine and carnosine-propanal concentration (mass spectrometry) were measured. Supplementation-induced increase in muscle carnosine was paralleled by improved dynamics of muscle post-exercise phosphocreatine recovery, decreased serum albumin glycation and enhanced urinary carnosine-propanal excretion (all p<0.05). Magnitude of supplementation-induced muscle carnosine accumulation was higher in individuals with lower baseline muscle carnosine, who had lower BMI, higher physical activity level, lower resting intramuscular pH, but similar muscle mass and dietary protein preference. Level of supplementation-induced increase in muscle carnosine correlated with reduction of protein glycation, increase in reactive carbonyl species sequestering, and acceleration of muscle post-exercise phosphocreatine recovery.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fosfokreatin metabolismus MeSH
- karnosin * metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- kosterní svaly metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Maillardova reakce MeSH
- potravní doplňky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: The main aim of the present study is to determine the role of metabolites observed using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). As the literature describing biochemical changes in OCD yields conflicting results, we focused on accurate metabolite quantification of total N-acetyl aspartate (tNAA), total creatine (tCr), total choline-containing compounds (tCh), and myo-inositol (mI) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) to capture the small metabolic changes between OCD patients and controls and between OCD patients with and without medication. METHODS: In total 46 patients with OCD and 46 healthy controls (HC) matched for age and sex were included in the study. The severity of symptoms in the OCD was evaluated on the day of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS). Subjects underwent 1H-MRS from the pregenual ACC (pgACC) region to calculate concentrations of tNAA, tCr, tCho, and mI. Twenty-eight OCD and 28 HC subjects were included in the statistical analysis. We compared differences between groups for all selected metabolites and in OCD patients we analyzed the relationship between metabolite levels and symptom severity, medication status, age, and the duration of illness. RESULTS: Significant decreases in tCr (U = 253.00, p = 0.022) and mI (U = 197.00, p = 0.001) in the pgACC were observed in the OCD group. No statistically significant differences were found in tNAA and tCho levels; however, tCho revealed a trend towards lower concentrations in OCD patients (U = 278.00, p = 0.062). Metabolic concentrations showed no significant correlations with the age and duration of illness. The correlation statistics found a significant negative correlation between tCr levels and YBOCS compulsions subscale (cor = -0.380, p = 0.046). tCho and YBOCS compulsions subscale showed a trend towards a negative correlation (cor = -0.351, p = 0.067). Analysis of subgroups with or without medication showed no differences. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with OCD present metabolic disruption in the pgACC. The decrease in tCr shows an important relationship with OCD symptomatology. tCr as a marker of cerebral bioenergetics may also be considered as a biomarker of the severity of compulsions. The study failed to prove that metabolic changes correlate with the medication status or the duration of illness. It seems that a disruption in the balance between these metabolites and their transmission may play a role in the pathophysiology of OCD.
- MeSH
- cingulární gyrus diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus MeSH
- glutamin * metabolismus MeSH
- inositol metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- kreatin metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- kyselina aspartová metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- obsedantně kompulzivní porucha * diagnóza MeSH
- protonová magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody MeSH
- receptory antigenů T-buněk metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Pilot study validating the animal model of depression - the bilateral olfactory bulbectomy in rats - by two nuclear magnetic resonance methods, indirectly detecting the metabolic state of the brain. Furthermore, the study focussed on potential differences in brain laterality. METHODS: Arterial spin labelling assessed cerebral brain flow in prefrontal, sensorimotor, and piriform cortices, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, thalamus, circle of Willis, and whole brain. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy provided information about relative metabolite concentrations in the cortex and hippocampus. RESULTS: Arterial spin labelling found no differences in cerebral perfusion in the group comparison but revealed lateralisation in the thalamus of the control group and the sensorimotor cortex of the bulbectomized rats. Lower Cho/tCr and Cho/NAA levels were found in the right hippocampus in bulbectomized rats. The differences in lateralisation were shown in the hippocampus: mI/tCr in the control group, Cho/NAA, NAA/tCr, Tau/tCr in the model group, and in the cortex: NAA/tCr, mI/tCr in the control group. CONCLUSION: Olfactory bulbectomy affects the neuronal and biochemical profile of the rat brain laterally and, as a model of depression, was validated by two nuclear magnetic resonance methods.
- MeSH
- cholin metabolismus MeSH
- kreatin metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kyselina aspartová metabolismus MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
- mozek * patologie MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- receptory antigenů T-buněk metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a severe consequence of degenerative cervical spinal cord (CSC) compression. The non-myelopathic stage of compression (NMDC) is highly prevalent and often progresses to disabling DCM. This study aims to disclose markers of progressive neurochemical alterations in NMDC and DCM by utilizing an approach based on state-of-the-art proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Proton-MRS data were prospectively acquired from 73 participants with CSC compression and 47 healthy controls (HCs). The MRS voxel was centered at the C2 level. Compression-affected participants were clinically categorized as NMDC and DCM, radiologically as mild (MC) or severe (SC) compression. CSC volumes and neurochemical concentrations were compared between cohorts (HC vs. NMDC vs. DCM and HC vs. MC vs. SC) with general linear models adjusted for age and height (pFWE < 0.05) and correlated to stenosis severity, electrophysiology, and myelopathy symptoms (p < 0.05). Whereas the ratio of total creatine (tCr) to total N-acetylaspartate (tNAA) increased in NMDC (+11%) and in DCM (+26%) and SC (+21%), myo-inositol/tNAA, glutamate + glutamine/tNAA, and volumes changed only in DCM (+20%, +73%, and -14%) and SC (+12%, +46%, and -8%, respectively) relative to HCs. Both tCr/tNAA and myo-inositol/tNAA correlated with compression severity and volume (-0.376 < r < -0.259). Myo-inositol/tNAA correlated with myelopathy symptoms (r = -0.670), whereas CSC volume did not. Short-echo 1H-MRS provided neurochemical signatures of CSC impairment that reflected compression severity and clinical significance. Whereas volumetry only reflected clinically manifest myelopathy (DCM), MRS detected neurochemical changes already before the onset of myelopathy symptoms.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- inositol metabolismus MeSH
- komprese míchy metabolismus patologie MeSH
- krční mícha * MeSH
- krční obratle MeSH
- kreatin metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina aspartová analogy a deriváty metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina glutamová metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie * MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Decline in cardiac high-energy phosphate metabolism [phosphocreatine-to-ATP (PCr/ATP) ratio] and whole body metabolism increase the risk of heart failure and metabolic diseases. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between PCr/ATP ratio and measures of body metabolic function. A total of 35 healthy women (56+/-14.0 years of age) underwent cardiac 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess PCr/ATP ratio - an index of cardiac high-energy phosphate metabolism. Fasting and 2-hour glucose levels were assessed using oral glucose tolerance test. Indirect calorimetry was performed to determine oxygen consumption and resting metabolic rate. There were no significant relationships between PCr/ATP ratio and resting metabolic rate (r=-0.09, p=0.62), oxygen consumption (r=-0.11, p=0.54), fasting glucose levels (r=-0.31, p=0.07), and 2-hour plasma glucose (r=-0.10, p=0.58). Adjusted analysis for covariates including age, body mass index, fat mass, and physical activity, had no significant influence on the relationship between PCr/ATP ratio and body metabolism. In conclusion, the lack of relationship between cardiac PCr/ATP ratio, glucose control and metabolic rate may suggest that overall metabolic function does not influence cardiac high-energy phosphate metabolism.
- MeSH
- adenosintrifosfát metabolismus MeSH
- adipozita MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fosfokreatin metabolismus MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- krevní glukóza analýza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- myokard metabolismus MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Adenozíntrifosfát (ATP) je základnou jednotkou celulárneho energetického metabolizmu, avšak počas situácií so zvýšeným dopytom po energii bunka vyvinula metabolicky inertné molekuly fosfagény, medzi ktoré zaraďujeme aj kreatínfosfát (CrP). Momentálne existuje veľmi málo recentných publikácií so zameraním na benefit suplementácie CrP vo vnútornom lekárstve, jeho potenciálne využitie je hlavne v kardiológii pri akútnom infarkte myokardu, pri akútnom alebo chronickom srdcovom zlyhávaní. Ďalším odborom s potenciálnym využitím kreatínfosfátu je nefrológia - u dialyzovaných pacientov, ev. v geriatrii pri prevencii vzniku osteoporózy v skupine postmenopauzálnych žien. V nasledujúcom článku prenášame prehľad štúdií popisujúcich pozitívne účinky podávania CrP v špecifických skupinách pacientov vnútorného lekárstva.
Adenosintriphosphate is basic unit of cellular energetics, although during situations of high energy demand, cell had developed metabolic inert molecules - phosphagens - including phosphocreatine. Nowadays there are not so many recent publications describing positive effect of phosphocreatine supplementation., its potential benefit in supplementation is mainly in cardiology - acute myocardial infarction, acute or chronic heart failure. Another field of medicine with potential use of phosphocreatine is nephrology - in dialysis patients, or in psotemnopausal women in prevention of osteoporosis. In following article, we present review of studies describing positive effect of using phosphocreatine in specific group of patients in internal medicine.
- MeSH
- adenosintrifosfát metabolismus MeSH
- chronická renální insuficience farmakoterapie MeSH
- fosfokreatin * farmakologie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- ischemie farmakoterapie MeSH
- kardiotonika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- parenterální výživa MeSH
- vývoj svalů účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Výskyt vícečetných nádorů ledvin je málo častý, ale nemusí vždy automaticky znamenat odstranění celé ledviny. Prezentujeme případ 60letého muže se solitární ledvinou vpravo (vlevo po nefrektomii pro nádor), u nějž bylo na CT zjištěno celkem deset oblastí (některé ale obsahovaly více ložisek) se solidním ložiskem ledviny. Po rozsáhlé diskuzi o dostupných možnostech a následně rizicích chirurgického řešení byla provedena otevřená 10násobná resekce ledviny. Největší tumor resekován na počátku v 17 min. studené ischemie a ostatní následně bez ischemie. Výkon trval 250 minut, bez perioperačních komplikací. V pooperačním období se neobjevily žádné chirurgické komplikace. Došlo ale k významnému zhoršení funkce ledviny, která si vyžádala nefrologickou farmakologickou intervenci pro hyperkalemii a metabolickou acidózu, dialýza však nebyla potřebná. Histologicky zjištěno 13 ložisek světlobuněčného karcinomu ledviny G3 velikosti od 5 do 35 mm. Kontrolní CT jeden rok od operace prokázalo jedno nejisté ložisko, které bude sledováno. Funkce ledviny je stabilní s kreatininemií do 200 μmol/l.
Multifocal renal tumors are not frequent, but they do not need to lead to nephrectomy automatically. We present a case of a 60-year old male with right solitary kidney (left sided nephrectomy for renal cancer), who has had a CT diagnosis of 10 areas on the kidney with solid renal masses (but some included more lesions). Following an extensive discussion about possible options and the risks of surgical management, a 10-fold open partial nephrectomy was carried out. The largest tumor was resected first under cold ischemia of 17 mins and the remaining with no ischemia. Length of surgery was 250 minutes with no perioperative complications. There were no postoperative surgical complications. However renal function deteriorated substantially and nephrological pharmacological intervention for hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis, but no dialysis was necessary. Histology showed 13 lesions of clear cell renal carcinoma G3, size 5 to 35 mm. Follow‑up CT 1-year post‑op showed one lesions of uncertain significance, which will be further observed. Renal function is stable with creatinine below 200 μmol/l.
- MeSH
- kreatin analýza krev MeSH
- ledviny diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory ledvin * chirurgie MeSH
- nefrektomie metody MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether noninvasive proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) tissue metabolite measurements at baseline can predict an increase in the rate of β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation on serial PET in clinically normal (CN) older adults. METHODS: Consecutive participants aged 60 years and older (n = 594) from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging who were CN at baseline and who underwent (1)H-MRS from the posterior cingulate voxel and longitudinal (11)C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET were included. The rate of Aβ accumulation by serial cortical PiB standardized uptake value ratios was estimated as a function of baseline (1)H-MRS metabolite ratios and time using mixed-effect models adjusted for age, sex, and APOE ε4. Effect of APOE ε4 on the relationship between baseline MRS and an increased rate of Aβ accumulation was also assessed. RESULTS: Among all participants, a higher myo-inositol (mI)/creatine (p = 0.011) and a lower N-acetylaspartate/mI (p = 0.006) at baseline were associated with an increased Aβ accumulation over time after adjusting for age, sex, and APOE ε4. APOE ε4 did not modify the association of baseline (1)H-MRS metabolite ratios and rate of Aβ accumulation. However, APOE ε4 carriers accumulated Aβ faster than noncarriers regardless of the baseline Aβ load (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Among CN older adults, early metabolic alterations on (1)H-MRS and APOE ε4 status are independently associated with an increased rate of Aβ accumulation. Our findings could have important implications for early diagnosis and identification of individuals for secondary prevention trials, because an increased rate of Aβ accumulation in CN older adults may confer a higher risk for cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment.
- MeSH
- amyloidní beta-protein metabolismus MeSH
- apolipoprotein E4 genetika MeSH
- heterozygot MeSH
- inositol metabolismus MeSH
- kreatin metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina aspartová analogy a deriváty metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- mozek diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- pozitronová emisní tomografie * MeSH
- protonová magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie * MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stárnutí metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- blokátory receptoru 1 pro angiotenzin II * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- infarkt myokardu MeSH
- inhibitory ACE * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- kreatin * analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- renální insuficience * MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- srdeční selhání MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- novinové články MeSH
- zprávy MeSH
