OBJECTIVES: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder caused by a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The main goal of our case-control study was to analyse the association of environmental factors with the odds of CD development in a sample of the Slovak population. METHODS: Data were collected from 1,226 respondents (534 CD patients and 692 controls) by a questionnaire. The impact of analysed parameters on the chance of disease development was assessed by multiple regression analysis and expressed as odds ratios (OR). Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: In the patient group, celiac disease was significantly more prevalent in women than in men (OR = 1.52, p = 0.010). Respondents with a positive family history of CD showed 2.9-fold higher odds of CD compared to others (p < 0.001), and respondents with coexisting autoimmune diseases had 2.6-fold higher odds of CD (p < 0.001). Subjects who had taken antibiotics at least three times a year during childhood had 1.95-fold higher odds of developing CD compared to those who took them less frequently or not at all (p = 0.022). Conversely, individuals who were breastfed in infancy had lower odds of CD compared to non-breastfed respondents (OR = 0.53, p < 0.001). The mode of delivery (vaginal vs. caesarean section), overcoming severe infections, and the timing of gluten introduction in childhood did not show a statistically significant effect on the odds of developing CD. CONCLUSION: Based on our data, being female, having a positive family history of CD, suffering from another autoimmune disease, and frequent use of antibiotics are factors associated with an increased chance of developing CD. On the other hand, breastfeeding in infancy seems to have a protective effect. Our findings highlight the importance of further research in understanding the complexities of this autoimmune condition and providing a foundation for prevention strategies.
- MeSH
- celiakie * epidemiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Goals: This study aims to identify sociodemographic predictors of breastfeeding and evaluate the effect of nursing interventions on nutritional strategies in premature infants (0-6 months). Methods: A prospective monocentric longitudinal study focused on the nutritional management of 201 preterm infants. Monitoring was performed for two years at specific time intervals. Results: The mother's nationality influences the child's nutrition in the first weeks but this influence decreases with the child's age. The mother's education has a significant effect on nutritional choices. Higher education correlates with using different nutritional combinations. Strong predictors of breastfeeding include the first latch, skin-to-skin contact, and orofacial stimulation. Conclusion: The study identified vital factors influencing the nutrition of preterm infants. These findings enable better targeting of measures and support better health and development of such children. The results provide a scientific basis for the development of nutritional strategies and interventions.
Z předchozích studií vyplývá, že respirační infekce mohou způsobit náhlé úmrtí kojence. Jeden z článků uvádí, že mnoho kojenců mělo před náhlým úmrtím mírné příznaky infekce respiračního traktu. Nicméně z naší zkušenosti vyplývá, že je i mnoho případů náhlých úmrtí asymptomatických kojenců, přičemž diagnóza respirační nákazy je prokázána až na základě podrobného posmrtného vyšetření. Bohužel žádná ze studií nebyla zaměřena na porovnání rozdílů mezi náhlým úmrtím kojenců s klinickými příznaky a při jejich absenci. Autoři prezentují studii, ve které jsou zkoumány případy náhlých úmrtí asymptomatických kojenců a hodnotí rizikové faktory u těchto jedinců, jejichž pitvy byly provedeny na daném pracovišti. Studie prokazuje, že k těmto asymptomatickým úmrtím dochází častěji u dětí do 1 roku věku, normální porodní váhy, krmených výlučně náhražkami mateřského mléka, a dále u kojenců, kteří usnuli do jedné hodiny od posledního krmení. Výsledky studie potvrzují, že i nejmenší odchylky od běžných projevů dítěte by měly být pečlivě sledovány pečující osobou, a to i v případě, že kojenec nevykazuje žádné zřejmé zdravotní problémy.
Previous studies have reported that respiratory infections can cause sudden death in infants. In one report, many infants had mild respiratory infection symptoms before their sudden death. However, we have also seen many cases of sudden death in asymptomatic infants who were diagnosed with respiratory infections based on detailed postmortem examinations. However, no study has investigated the differences between symptomatic death and asymptomatic death in infants with respiratory infections. In the present study, the risk factors for sudden death in infants with asymptomatic antemortem respiratory infections were investigated using forensic autopsy cases in our laboratory. The investigation showed that deaths associated with asymptomatic respiratory infections were relatively more common in infants younger than one year, of normal birth weight, and fed exclusively with formula milk, as well as infants who had fallen asleep within one hour of their last meal. The results reconfirmed that such small daily changes, such as expression and behavior changes, should be carefully observed when managing infants, including those with no apparent health problems.
- MeSH
- asymptomatické nemoci klasifikace mortalita MeSH
- infekce dýchací soustavy * diagnóza klasifikace komplikace mortalita MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kojení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náhlá smrt kojenců * diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- plíce diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- příznaky a symptomy ústrojí dýchacího MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
- MeSH
- etický kodex MeSH
- etika podnikání MeSH
- inzerce jako téma etika MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kojení * etika statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náhražky mateřského mléka ekonomika zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- porodnice etika organizace a řízení MeSH
- střet zájmů * MeSH
- zákonodárství jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends rooming-in to reduce infant mortality rates. Little research has been done to assess practices such as rooming-in and its relation to breastfeeding in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of rooming-in during hospital stay among mothers with infants six months old and below, in addition to other associated factors in Abu Dhabi, UAE. This study utilized a sub-sample extracted from a dataset based on a convenience sample of mothers who were recruited from governmental maternal and child health centers as well as from the community. The purpose of the original research was to evaluate infant and young children's feeding practices. A pre-tested questionnaire was used during interviews with mothers once ethical clearance was in place. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to describe the results. The original sample included 1822 participants, of which 804 infants met the inclusion criteria. The mean age for mothers and infants was 30.3 years and 3.5 months, respectively. The rate of rooming-in during hospital stay was 97.5%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated factors associated with not rooming-in were low maternal age (Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) = 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.30), low gestational age (GA) (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.52, 2.36), abnormal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (AOR = 3.77, 95 % CI: 1.22, 11.76), and delayed initiation of breastfeeding (AOR = 4.47, 95 % CI: 1.08, 18.48). In the context of the high rate of rooming-in revealed in this study, there should be a focus on those groups who do not room-in (i.e., younger women and those with babies of a younger gestational age). Rooming-in practice provides self-confidence in taking care of a baby, knowledge about breastfeeding, and stimulates early-phase lactation.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gestační stáří MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kojení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- logistické modely MeSH
- matky MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rooming-in normy MeSH
- stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
- Světová zdravotnická organizace MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- věk matky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené arabské emiráty MeSH
BACKGROUND: In Europe, although the prevalence of childhood obesity seems to be plateauing in some countries, progress on tackling this important public health issue remains slow and inconsistent. Breastfeeding has been described as a protective factor, and the more exclusively and the longer children are breastfed, the greater their protection from obesity. Birth weight has been shown to have a positive association with later risk for obesity. OBJECTIVES: It was the aim of this paper to investigate the association of early-life factors, namely breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and birth weight, with obesity among children. METHOD: Data from 22 participating countries in the WHO European COSI study (round 4: 2015/2017) were collected using cross-sectional, nationally representative samples of 6- to 9-year-olds (n = 100,583). The children's standardized weight and height measurements followed a common WHO protocol. Information on the children's birth weight and breastfeeding practice and duration was collected through a family record form. A multivariate multilevel logistic regression analysis regarding breastfeeding practice (both general and exclusive) and characteristics at birth was performed. RESULTS: The highest prevalence rates of obesity were observed in Spain (17.7%), Malta (17.2%) and Italy (16.8%). A wide between-country disparity in breastfeeding prevalence was found. Tajikistan had the highest percentage of children that were breastfed for ≥6 months (94.4%) and exclusively breastfed for ≥6 months (73.3%). In France, Ireland and Malta, only around 1 in 4 children was breastfed for ≥6 months. Italy and Malta showed the highest prevalence of obesity among children who have never been breastfed (21.2%), followed by Spain (21.0%). The pooled analysis showed that, compared to children who were breastfed for at least 6 months, the odds of being obese were higher among children never breastfed or breastfed for a shorter period, both in case of general (adjusted odds ratio [adjOR] [95% CI] 1.22 [1.16-1.28] and 1.12 [1.07-1.16], respectively) and exclusive breastfeeding (adjOR [95% CI] 1.25 [1.17-1.36] and 1.05 [0.99-1.12], respectively). Higher birth weight was associated with a higher risk of being overweight, which was reported in 11 out of the 22 countries. Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Italy, Poland and Romania showed that children who were preterm at birth had higher odds of being obese, compared to children who were full-term babies. CONCLUSION: The present work confirms the beneficial effect of breastfeeding against obesity, which was highly increased if children had never been breastfed or had been breastfed for a shorter period. Nevertheless, adoption of exclusive breastfeeding is below global recommendations and far from the target endorsed by the WHO Member States at the World Health Assembly Global Targets for Nutrition of increasing the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months up to at least 50% by 2025.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kojení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nadváha epidemiologie MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- obezita dětí a dospívajících epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- porod fyziologie MeSH
- porodní hmotnost fyziologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- surveillance populace MeSH
- Světová zdravotnická organizace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
BACKGROUND: The study concerns the comparison of percentile curves of Czech breastfed children with Czech national references from 1991 and 2001 and WHO growth standards. Growth charts of breastfed children demonstrate different curve shapes, especially in the first months of life. Incorrect interpretation of the growth curve could lead to premature introduction of complementary foods or infant formula. AIM: The comparison of four body parameters of Czech breastfed children with currently used Czech national references and WHO standards in order to recommend that Czech paediatricians use either Czech references or WHO standards in their practice. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Nine hundred and sixty breastfed children were included in the study of length-for-age, head circumference-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-length parameters. All percentile curves were compared. Values of the 50th percentile expressed in z-scores based on both Czech references and WHO standards were tested. RESULTS: The study confirmed results of previous surveys documenting that growth of breastfed children is specific. Nevertheless, percentile curves of growth parameters of Czech breastfed children are closer to Czech references than WHO standards. CONCLUSIONS: The Czech national references fulfil the needs of Czech paediatricians (with pointing to specifics of breastfed child growth) and WHO standards are suitable, especially for international comparison.
- MeSH
- antropometrie * MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kojení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- referenční standardy MeSH
- Světová zdravotnická organizace MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- tělesná výška MeSH
- vývoj dítěte * MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Objectives: The main objective of this study is to examine the breast feeding and complementary feeding practices among farming communities of Southern Ethiopia. Methods: It is a cross sectional survey design employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study used primary data collected from 1094 households located in ten kebeles (the smallest administrative segment) through the multistage probability sampling technique. Information on demography of breast feeding was measured by universally accepted computational tools given by WHO. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Result: The result demonstrated that a large proportion of respondents were breast feeding their last child (age <2) during the survey. Majority of the women initiated breast feeding early (just at birth); 56% of women practiced exclusive breast feeding and more than 86% reported consistently continuing breast feeding until age 2. The result indicated that complementary feeding starts late for significant proportion of children at age 6–8 months and a larger proportion of children in the age groups 6–8 and 9–11 months did not get the core food groups such as cereal, egg, and meat. The results of the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression revealed that four variables have appeared to predict the level of dietary food consumption, namely experiencing child death during the last 5 years preceding the survey, institutional delivery of the last child, literacy status and household hunger. Also, three predictors appeared to have significant association with the likelihood of continuation of breast feeding at age 2; namely, age of women, household hunger and working outside home. Conclusion: The study concluded that there are positive signs on infant and child feeding practices which should be promoted such as the relatively higher rate of exclusive breastfeeding during the first half of infancy and continued breast feeding through the second year of life and beyond. There are also certain practices that require attention which include the widespread use of bottles, delayed introduction of complementary foods, and low dietary diversity throughout the first 2 years of life
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kojení * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- krmení lahví statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- poruchy výživy kojenců epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- potrava pro kojence * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- výživa - přehledy * metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Etiopie MeSH
