BACKGROUND: Selenium manifests its biological effects through its incorporation into selenoproteins, which play several roles in countering oxidative and inflammatory responses implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. Selenoprotein genetic variants may contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC) development, as we previously observed for SNP variants in a large European prospective study and a Czech case-control cohort. METHODS: We tested if significantly associated selenoprotein gene SNPs from these studies were also associated with CRC risk in case-control studies from Ireland (colorectal neoplasia, i.e., cancer and adenoma cases: 450, controls: 461) and the Czech Republic (CRC cases: 718, controls: 646). Genotyping of 23 SNPs (20 in the Irish and 13 in the Czechs) was performed by competitive specific allele-specific PCR (KASPar). Multivariable adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the associations with CRC development. RESULTS: We found significant associations with an increased CRC risk for rs5859 (SELENOF) and rs2972994 (SELENOP) in the Irish cohort but only with rs4802034 (SELENOV) in the Czechs. Significant associations were observed for rs5859 (SELENOF), rs4659382 (SELENON), rs2972994 (SELENOP), rs34713741 (SELENOS), and the related Se metabolism gene variant rs2275129 (SEPHS1) with advanced colorectal neoplasia development. However, none of these findings retained significance after multiple testing corrections. CONCLUSIONS: Several SNPs previously associated with CRC risk were also associated with CRC or colorectal neoplasia development in either the Irish or Czech cohorts. Selenoprotein gene variation may modify CRC risk across diverse European populations, although the specific variants may differ.
- MeSH
- adenom * epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
- kolorektální nádory * epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- selenoprotein P metabolismus MeSH
- selenoproteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) represents the acute manifestation of coronary artery disease. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied in AMI. This study focused on the role of miR-431-5p in AMI and its effect on cardiomyocyte apoptosis after AMI. The expression of miR-431-5p was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). By interfering with miR-431-5p in hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R)-induced HL-1 cardiomyocytes, the effect of miR-431-5p on cardiomyocyte apoptosis after AMI was examined. The interaction between miR-431-5p and selenoprotein T (SELT) mRNA was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and flow cytometry. Cell viability was examined by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of miR-431-5p in AMI myocardial tissues and H/R-induced HL-1 cardiomyocytes was significantly increased. After interfering with miR-431-5p, the expression of SELT in HL-1 cells was up-regulated, cell apoptosis was decreased, cell viability was increased, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was decreased. The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed the targeting relationship between miR-431-5p and SELT1 3' untranslated region (UTR). In H/R-induced HL-1 cells, the simultaneous silencing of SELT and miR-431-5p resulted in a decrease of Bcl-2 expression, an increase of Bax expression, and an increase of cleaved-caspase 3 expression compared with silencing miR-431-5p alone. Also, cell viability was decreased, while LDH activity was increased by the simultaneous silencing of SELT and miR-431-5p. Interfering miR-431-5p protected cardiomyocytes from AMI injury via restoring the expression of SELT, providing new ideas for the treatment of AMI.
- MeSH
- apoptóza genetika MeSH
- infarkt myokardu * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- kardiomyocyty metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikro RNA * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- reperfuzní poškození myokardu * metabolismus MeSH
- selenoproteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Dietary selenium (Se) intake is essential for synthesizing selenoproteins that are important in countering oxidative and inflammatory processes linked to colorectal carcinogenesis. However, there is limited knowledge on the selenoprotein expression in colorectal adenoma (CRA) and colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, or the interaction with Se status levels. We studied the expression of seventeen Se pathway genes (including fifteen of the twenty-five human selenoproteins) in RNA extracted from disease-normal colorectal tissue pairs, in the discovery phase of sixty-two CRA/CRC patients from Ireland and a validation cohort of a hundred and five CRC patients from the Czech Republic. Differences in transcript levels between the disease and paired control mucosa were assessed by the Mann-Whitney U-test. GPX2 and TXNRD3 showed a higher expression and GPX3, SELENOP, SELENOS, and SEPHS2 exhibited a lower expression in the disease tissue from adenomas and both cancer groups (p-values from 0.023 to <0.001). In the Czech cohort, up-regulation of GPX1, SELENOH, and SOD2 and down-regulation of SELENBP1, SELENON, and SELENOK (p-values 0.036 to <0.001) was also observed. We further examined the correlation of gene expression with serum Se status (assessed by Se and selenoprotein P, SELENOP) in the Irish patients. While there were no significant correlations with both Se status markers, SELENOF, SELENOK, and TXNRD1 tumor tissue expression positively correlated with Se, while TXNRD2 and TXNRD3 negatively correlated with SELENOP. In an analysis restricted to the larger Czech CRC patient cohort, Cox regression showed no major association of transcript levels with patient survival, except for an association of higher SELENOF gene expression with both a lower disease-free and overall survival. Several selenoproteins were differentially expressed in the disease tissue compared to the normal tissue of both CRA and CRC patients. Altered selenoprotein expression may serve as a marker of functional Se status and colorectal adenoma to cancer progression.
- MeSH
- adenom krev genetika MeSH
- genetické markery MeSH
- glutathionperoxidasa genetika metabolismus MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- kolorektální nádory krev genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
- regulace genové exprese MeSH
- selen krev MeSH
- selenoprotein P genetika metabolismus MeSH
- selenoproteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- thioredoxin-disulfidreduktasa genetika metabolismus MeSH
- thioredoxinreduktasa 1 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Irsko MeSH
Kongenitální svalové dystrofie se projevují ranou hypotonií a svalovou slabostí. Ve svalové biopsii je charakterizují dystrofické či myopatické změny. Jsou skupinou geneticky podmíněných nemocí svalů. V současné době se rozeznává několik subtypů kongenitálních svalových dystrofií. U převážné většiny diagnózu potvrdí molekulárně genetické vyšetření nebo imunohistochemie. Léčba je symptomatická, interdisciplinární. Pro dospívající děti a rodinu je třeba také vyžádat genetické poradenství.
Congenital muscular dystrophies are genetic muscle diseases. They present with early hypotonia and muscle weakness. The muscle biopsy is characterized by dystrophic or myopathic changes. There are several subtypes of congenital muscular dystrophy. The vast majority of the diagnoses are confirmed by molecular testing or by immunohistochemistry. Treatment is symptomatic, interdisciplinary. Genetic counselling should be available for teenagers and families.
- Klíčová slova
- mutace genu, Ullrichova dystrofie, alfa-dystroglykanopatie,
- MeSH
- biopsie MeSH
- dystroglykany genetika metabolismus MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- imunohistochemie MeSH
- klasifikace MeSH
- kosterní svaly patologie MeSH
- laminin genetika nedostatek MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- selenoproteiny genetika MeSH
- svalová hypotonie MeSH
- svalová slabost MeSH
- svalové dystrofie diagnóza genetika klasifikace MeSH
- svalové proteiny genetika MeSH
- syndrom Walker-Walburgové diagnóza genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
