Campylobacter (C.) spp. represent one of the most important causes for food-borne bacterial pathogen in humans worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate metabolic requirements of two Campylobacter strains of different species based on substrate utilisation (in vitro). Based on these results, a correlation between the colonisation and the available substrates in different intestinal sections was recorded using an animal model. Campylobacter coli (ST-5777) and C. jejuni (ST-122) were used to inoculate 16 pigs, respectively, and one group of 16 pigs was used as control. The strains differed significantly in substrate utilisation - C. coli was able to metabolise various substrates (acetate, asparagine, serine, fucose, and propionate), while C. jejuni only utilised serine. Metabolomic analysis of intestinal content from different gut sections showed the presence of all previously tested metabolites, except for fucose. A significantly larger amount of glucose was found in the jejunum of those pigs infected with C. coli, while neither strain utilised it in vitro. The analysis of the intestinal contents revealed a very low proportion of Campylobacterales in the total microbiome, suggesting that the small percentage of the inoculated Campylobacter strains in the gut microflora of the animals is too low to cause differences between the control and infected groups in the composition of the metabolome. Nevertheless, knowledge of specific nutritional requirements of the pathogens combined with proof of different metabolites in the intestinal segments may provide clues about the site of colonisation in the host and improve our understanding of this zoonotic germ.
- MeSH
- Campylobacter coli * MeSH
- Campylobacter jejuni * MeSH
- Campylobacter * MeSH
- fukosa MeSH
- kampylobakterové infekce * mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci prasat * MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- serin MeSH
- střeva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in dairy herds in Central and Eastern European countries based on ELISA and PCR tests. A total of 370 bulk tank milk samples were collected in 2019 originating from Croatia (n = 13), Czech Republic (n = 138), Hungary (n = 126), Serbia (n = 24), Slovakia (n = 53) and Slovenia (n = 16). Prevalence of C. burnetii differed according to the country of origin with Croatia showing 100.00%, the Czech Republic 98.55%, Hungary 97.61%, Serbia 70.83%, Slovakia 90.56% and Slovenia showing 62.50% average percentages of the positive herds. C. burnetii specific ELISA showed 100.00% positivity in all examined countries if herds consisted of equal or above 250 milking cows. The growing number of farms managing large number of animals, where cattle density is high correlates with the increasing prevalence of C. burnetii in the region.
- MeSH
- Coxiella burnetii * genetika MeSH
- mlékárenství MeSH
- nemoci skotu * epidemiologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- Q-horečka * epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Chorvatsko MeSH
- Srbsko MeSH
Morel's disease is a form of abscessing lymphadenitis of sheep and goats caused by Staphylococcus aureus subspecies anaerobius. In Europe and Africa, the disease is linked to S. aureus of multilocus sequence type 1464. In an outbreak recorded in 2015 in a flock of 530 animals in the district of Nymburk, Czech Republic, Europe, the causative agent was cultured and subsequently confirmed by Maldi-TOF. Neither antibiotic therapy nor surgical interventions met any success, although the strain isolated was found to be sensitive to antibiotics used. Vaccination and revaccination with inactivated autogenous vaccine administered subcutaneously was relatively successful. Subsequent multilocus sequence typing revealed the presence of new S. aureus sequence type 3756, different from 1464 in three out of seven genes typed. The isolate thus represents a new sequence type of Staphylococcus aureus ssp. anaerobius which should be considered as a causative agent of Morel's disease.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lymfadenitida farmakoterapie mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- multilokusová sekvenční typizace MeSH
- nemoci ovcí farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- ovce MeSH
- stafylokokové infekce farmakoterapie mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- stafylokokové vakcíny imunologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus klasifikace imunologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Mycobacterial infections in pigs are caused particularly by the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and these infections lead to great economic losses mainly within the countries with high pork meat production. The importance of the MAC infections in humans is rising because of its higher prevalence and also higher mortality rates particularly in advanced countries. In addition, treatment of the MAC infections in humans tends to be complicated because of its increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents. Several studies across Europe have documented the MAC occurrence in the slaughtered pigs - not only in their lymph nodes and tonsils, which are the most frequent, but also in the diaphragmas, other organs and not least in meat. This is why we need both more specific and more sensitive methods for the MAC infection detection. Different PCR assays were established as well as advanced intravital testing by the gamma interferon release test. On the other hand, tuberculin skin test is still one of the cheapest methods of mycobacterial infections detection.
- MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- intracelulární infekce bakterií Mycobacterium avium diagnóza epidemiologie mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Mycobacterium avium komplex klasifikace genetika imunologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- nemoci prasat diagnóza epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- test pomocí interferonu gama metody MeSH
- tuberkulinový test MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa epidemiologie MeSH
A total of 73 strains of Plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from humans (24 strains) animals (21 strains) and aquatic environment (28 strains) were determined for their O:H serotype and susceptibility to 18 anti-microbial substances and to the vibriostatic agent O/129. Of all strains, 86.3% were typeable by the O and 94.5% by the H anti-sera used. The serotype distribution was heterogeneous within a country and between the countries. Of the 57 different serotypes identified, O11:H2 (2 strains), O22:H3 (4 strains), O35:HH11 (2 strains), O52:H3 (2 strains) and O90:H6 (2 strains) were found among isolates from humans and animals (mainly in cats) in Finland and Cuba, and O23:H1a1b (3 strains) among isolates from environmental sources in Slovak Republic and Italy. Most (93-100%) of all strains were susceptible to all anti-microbials tested but resistant (92-96%) to the broad-spectrum penicillins (ampicillin, mezlocillin). No correlation between anti-microbial resistance patterns and serotypes was found.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- gramnegativní bakteriální infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- kočky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mikrobiologie vody * MeSH
- nemoci koček mikrobiologie MeSH
- O-antigeny izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Plesiomonas klasifikace účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- sérotypizace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kočky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Finsko MeSH
- Kuba MeSH
- MeSH
- Borrelia imunologie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- lymeská nemoc diagnóza veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ovcí dějiny MeSH
- nemoci psů mikrobiologie MeSH
- proteiny nervové tkáně diagnostické užití MeSH
- stafylokokový protein A diagnostické užití MeSH
- vysoká zvěř mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
In Czechoslovakia from 1976-1980. 26,306 animals from 44 different species were examined for rabies. A total of 3270 rabies cases were diagnosed during this period. Foxes account for 90% of all cases. Rabies in domestic animals is reported only sporadically. Rabies was permanently established in the mountainous border regions up to the year 1975. Since 1976 the wave of rabies has gradually spread to the interior of the country. The border mountains did not restrict the movement of foxes, which are responsible for carrying the disease, towards the interior. The river Vltava has stemmed the spreading of rabies for more than two years but it cannot be considered an absolute natural barrier. A bounty of 150 Crowns is paid for every fox handed over to the Veterinary Service. In districts with rabies incidence the gassing of fox dens is carried out. The principal measures relating to domestic animals are the compulsory, and charge free, vaccination of dogs in the whole country.
- MeSH
- demografie MeSH
- divoká zvířata * MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- hlodavci MeSH
- hospodářská zvířata * MeSH
- kočky MeSH
- lišky MeSH
- ovce MeSH
- psi MeSH
- rabies epidemiologie MeSH
- skot MeSH
- skupiny zvířecí populace * MeSH
- vysoká zvěř MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kočky MeSH
- psi MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
