Estrogens in the environment*
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[1st ed.] XIX, 435 s. : obr., tab., grafy ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- estrogeny škodlivé účinky MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí MeSH
- předčasná puberta etiologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- Konspekt
- Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
- NLK Obory
- environmentální vědy
- toxikologie
Environmental health perspectives, ISSN 0091-6765 Supplement Vol. 103. 7
184 s. : tab., grafy ; 30 cm
... Physiology and mechanisms of action of estrogens and antiestrogens / contributors, S.E. Alves ... ... ... Pharmacology and clinical application of estrogens and antiestrogens / contributors, E. ...
Handbook of experimental pharmacology, ISSN 0171-2004 Vol. 135
2 sv. : il. ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- antagonisté estrogenu terapeutické užití farmakologie MeSH
- estrogeny farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Farmacie. Farmakologie
- NLK Obory
- farmacie a farmakologie
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are ubiquitous substances both in the environment and everyday products that interfere with the hormonal system. Growing evidence demonstrates their adverse effects on the organism, including the reproductive system and the prostate, owing to their (anti)estrogenic or antiandrogenic effects. Since EDs can interact with steroid hormone actions on-site, understanding the levels of intraprostatic EDs in conjunction with steroids may hold particular significance. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for determining estrogens, various groups of EDs (bisphenols, parabens, oxybenzone and nonylphenol) and phytoestrogens in their unconjugated and conjugated forms in prostate tissue by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and subsequently analyze 20 human prostate tissue samples. The method enabled 20 compounds to be analyzed: estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol), bisphenols (bisphenol A- BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, BPAP, BPZ, BPP), parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl- paraben), oxybenzone, nonylphenol and phytoestrogens (daidzein, genistein, equol) with LLOQs between 0.017-2.86 pg/mg of tissue. The most frequently detected EDs in prostate tissues were propylparaben (conjugated and unconjugated forms in 100 % of tissues), methylparaben (unconjugated in 45 % and conjugated in 100 %), ethylparaben (unconjugated in 25 % and conjugated in 100 % BPA (unconjugated in 35 % and conjugated in 60 % and oxybenzone (both forms in 45 % To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study detecting EDs, phytoestrogens and estriol conjugate (E3C) in the prostate. E3C was the most abundant estrogen in prostatic tissue. This highlights the need for further explorations into estrogen metabolism within the prostate.
- MeSH
- benzhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory * MeSH
- estriol MeSH
- estrogeny * MeSH
- fytoestrogeny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- parabeny MeSH
- prostata chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
A wide range of estrogenic contaminants has been detected in the aquatic environment. Among these, natural and synthetic steroid estrogens, typically present in municipal sewage-treatment plant (STP) effluents, are the most potent. In this study a new GC-MS method has been developed for direct analysis of five major steroid estrogens (estrone, 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, dienestrol, and diethylstilbestrol) in river sediments. Four GC-MS systems used for analysis of underivatized analytes in purified extracts were compared. Relatively low detection limits (1.5-5 ng g(-1) dried sediment) and good repeatability of GC splitless injection (RSD 1-2%) were achieved by use of a system combining low-pressure gas chromatography with a single-quadrupole mass analyzer (LP-GC-MS). Use of orthogonal gas chromatography (GCxGC) hyphenated with high-speed time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HSTOF-MS) enabled not only significantly better resolution of target analytes, and their unequivocal identification, but also further improvement (decrease) of their detection limits. In addition to these outcomes, use of this unique GCxGC-TOF-MS system enabled identification of several other non-target chemicals, including pharmaceutical steroids, present in purified sediment extracts.
The concentration of the estrogens 17beta-estradiol, estriol, estrone, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, mestranol and norethisterone and of the anthropogenic gadolinium (Gd(ant)) has been determined in the creeks and rivers, sewage treatment plants and water works of the city of Prague. The rapid degradation of estrogens in surface water allows the estrogen concentration gradient to be used as a very precise and sensitive guideline by which to pin-point sewage leaks into surface run-off water. The rather conservative behavior of Gd(ant) in surface and ground water documents in the present case the presence of sewage water in the surface water cycle.
- MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza MeSH
- estrogeny analýza MeSH
- gadolinium analýza MeSH
- odpadní vody chemie MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
In order for mammalian sperm to obtain a fertilizing ability, they must undergo a complex of molecular changes, called capacitation. During capacitation, steroidal compounds can exert a fast nongenomic response in sperm through their interaction with plasma membrane receptors, and activate crucial signaling pathways leading to time-dependent protein tyrosine phosphorylation (TyrP). Estrogen receptor beta was detected in epididymal mouse sperm; therefore, the effect of 17B-estradiol, estrone, estriol, and 17A-ethynylestradiol on mouse sperm capacitation in vitro was investigated. The effect was evaluated by positive TyrP in sperm heads and in the whole sperm lysates. Simultaneously, the state of the acrosome after the calcium ionophore-induced acrosome reaction was assessed. Generally, estrogens displayed a time and concentration-dependent stimulatory effect on sperm TyrP during capacitation. In contrast, the number of sperm that underwent the acrosome reaction was lower in the experimental groups. It has been demonstrated that both natural and synthetic estrogens can modify the physiological progress of mouse sperm capacitation. The potential risk in the procapacitation effect of estrogens can also be seen in the decreased ability of sperm to undergo the acrosome reaction. In conclusion, the capacitating ability of sperm can be significantly lowered by increasing the level of estrogens in the environment.
- MeSH
- akrozomální reakce účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- analýza spermatu MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- estrogeny farmakologie MeSH
- fosforylace účinky léků MeSH
- kapacitace spermií účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- osmolární koncentrace MeSH
- tyrosinkinasy metabolismus MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
A broad spectrum of substances showing estrogenic activities in aquatic and terrestrial organisms occur in wastewaters. An overwhelming majority of the compounds are insofar biologically stable that their removal by water treatment is incomplete and thus they contaminate the environment. Chronic expositions to estrogens cause reproduction disorders and evolution defects in a number of animals. With humans, it is assumed that inadequate actions of estrogens in organisms can lead to lower fertility and a higher occurrence of evolution abnormalities. Due to the adverse effects of estrogens, the problems of their occurrence, transport and biotransformation are very topical. The review gives substances of estrogenic nature including their chemical structure, origin, occurrence and interactions with organisms. It brings the usual concentration ranges of most important estrogens in waste and surface waters and documents their poor removability in wastewater purifying plants. Their estrogenic potentials are compared and their biodegradability is evaluated.
Estrogenic pollutants are a heterogeneous group of substances, contaminating the water environment. This group includes endogenous estrogens, naturally producing by organisms, exogenous estrogens that are contaminating the environment as a consequence of metabolical degradation and subsequent excretion and also other substances with estrogenic activity that have broad spectrum of industrial utilization. This work summarizes physiological molecular- -biological nature of action estrogenic substances, and the pathological effect on the organism, leading to plenty health complications, such as endocrine disruption or tumorigenesis. There are also discussed possible ways of degradation of these substances from waste water that are contaminated by substances with estrogenic potential.
- Klíčová slova
- endokrinní disrupce, estrogen-responsivní element, malformace,
- MeSH
- biodegradace * MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory škodlivé účinky MeSH
- estrogeny * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- karcinogeneze chemicky indukované MeSH
- látky znečišťující vodu * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory chemicky indukované MeSH
- nemoci endokrinního systému chemicky indukované MeSH
- obojživelníci MeSH
- odpad tekutý - odstraňování metody MeSH
- pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- receptory pro estrogeny MeSH
- ryby MeSH
- transkripční faktory MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí MeSH
- znečištění vody prevence a kontrola škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Steroidal estrogens are one of the most challenging classes of hazardous contaminants as they can cause adverse effects to biota in extremely low concentrations. They emerge in both waste waters and surface waters serving as a source of drinking water. Environmental Quality Standards for 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), promulgated within the EU Water Framework Directive, are 0.4 and 0.035 ng L(-1), respectively. Because nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles have been previously used in numerous remediation technologies and have the advantage of possible magnetic separation, interaction of nZVI with E2 and EE2 in water was investigated to assess the potential role of nZVI in removing steroidal estrogens. A mixture of E2 and EE2 dissolved in water was shaken with varying doses of nZVI for 1-5 h. Concentration-dependent removal of the estrogens was observed but removal did not increase significantly with time. Concentrations of the estrogens were determined by HPLC/MS/MS and a biodetection reporter gene assay. Sorption and nonspecific oxygen-mediated oxidation of estrogens were identified as the most probable removal mechanisms. Two independent experiments confirmed that significant decrease of estrogens concentration is achieved when at least 2 g L(-1) of nZVI is applied. The presented study provides insights into the mechanisms of nZVI interaction with steroidal estrogens under aerobic conditions prevailing in currently applied water treatment technologies.
