BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Unilateral neglect is a common cognitive disorder following stroke. Neglect has a significant impact on functional outcomes, so it is important to detect. However, there is no consensus on which are the best screening tests to administer to detect neglect in time-limited clinical environments. METHODS: Members of the European Academy of Neurology Scientific Panel on Higher Cortical Functions, neuropsychologists, occupational therapists, and researchers produced recommendations for primary and secondary tests for bedside neglect testing based on a rigorous literature review, data extraction, online consensus meeting, and subsequent iterations. RESULTS: A total of 512 articles were screened, and 42 were included. These reported data from 3367 stroke survivors assessed using 62 neglect screens. Tests were grouped into cancellation, line bisection, copying, reading/writing, and behavioral. Cancellation tasks were most frequently used (97.6% of studies), followed by bisection, copying, behavioral, and reading/writing assessments. The panel recommended a cancellation test as the primary screening test if there is time to administer only one test. One of several cancellation tests might be used, depending on availability. If time permits, one or more of line bisection, figure copying, and baking tray task were recommended as secondary tests. Finally, if a functional and ecological test is feasible, the Catherine Bergego Scale was recommended. Overall, the literature suggests that no single test on its own is sufficient to exclude a diagnosis of neglect. Therefore, the panel recommended that multiple neglect tests should be used whenever possible. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides consensus recommendations for rapid bedside detection of neglect in real-world, clinical environments.

• MeSH
• agnozie * MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda * komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurologie * MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• percepční poruchy * diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• rehabilitace po cévní mozkové příhodě * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

Molecular neurobiological factors determining corpus callosum physiology and anatomy have been suggested to be one of the major factors determining functional hemispheric asymmetries. Recently, it was shown that allelic variations in two myelin-related genes, the proteolipid protein 1 gene PLP1 and the contactin 1 gene CNTN1, are associated with differences in interhemispheric integration. Here, we investigated whether three single nucleotide polymorphisms that were associated with interhemispheric integration via the corpus callosum in a previous study also are relevant for functional hemispheric asymmetries. To this end, we tested more than 900 healthy adults with the forced attention dichotic listening task, a paradigm to assess language lateralization and its modulation by cognitive control processes. Moreover, we used the line bisection task, a paradigm to assess functional hemispheric asymmetries in spatial attention. We found that a polymorphism in PLP1, but not CNTN1, was associated with performance differences in both tasks. Both functional hemispheric asymmetries and their modulation by cognitive control processes were affected. These findings suggest that both left and right hemisphere dominant cognitive functions can be modulated by allelic variation in genes affecting corpus callosum structure. Moreover, higher order cognitive processes may be relevant parameters when investigating the molecular basis of hemispheric asymmetries.

• MeSH
• akustická stimulace MeSH
• dichotické testy MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• funkční lateralita genetika   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus genetika   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• myelinový proteolipidový protein genetika   MeSH
• pozornost fyziologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• velký mozek fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• matematické výpočty počítačové MeSH
• matematika MeSH
• numerická analýza pomocí počítače * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Počítačová věda. Výpočetní technika. Informační technologie
• NLK Obory
• přírodní vědy
• přírodní vědy

Spatial neglect (SN) is a common cognitive disorder after brain injury. Prism adaptation treatment (PAT) is one of the promising interventions for SN albeit inconsistent results from previous studies. We carried out a comparison intervention (PAT vs. Sham) and aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PAT on visuospatial symptoms of SN in an inpatient rehabilitation setting that offered a highly intensive comprehensive brain injury rehabilitation program. A total of 34 patients with moderate-to-severe SN secondary to stroke or traumatic brain injury were randomized to the PAT group and the Sham group (an active control group). Both groups received 10 sessions of treatment, over two weeks, in addition to the rehabilitation therapies provided by their rehabilitation care teams. Outcomes were measured using an ecological instrument (the Catherine Bergego Scale) and paper-and-pencil tests (the Bells Test, the Line Bisection Test and the Scene Copying Test). Patients were assessed at baseline, immediately after treatment, two weeks after treatment, and four weeks after treatment. 23 (67.6%) patients completed treatment and all the assessment sessions and were included in the final analyses using mixed linear modeling. While SN symptoms reduced in both groups, we found no difference between the two groups in the degree of improvement. In addition, the average SN recovery rates were 39.1% and 28.6% in the PAT and Sham groups, respectively, but this discrepancy did not reach statistical significance. Thus, the present study suggests that PAT may contribute little to SN care in the context of a highly intensive inpatient rehabilitation program. Further large-scale investigation is required to uncover the mechanisms underlying PAT and Sham in order to refine the treatment or create new interventions.

• MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda komplikace   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy etiologie   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• rehabilitace po cévní mozkové příhodě * metody   MeSH
• studie proveditelnosti MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

Cíl: Cílem studie bylo zjistit, zda má použití tahů druhé třídy během ortodontické léčby vliv na sklon okluzní roviny. Materiál a metodika: Do souboru bylo zařazeno 26 dospělých pacientů s diagnózou distookluze, kteří prodělali kompenzační ortodontickou léčbu pomocí elastických tahů dmhé třídy. Změna sklonu okluzní roviny byla hodnocena na kefalometrických rentgenových snímcích. Rovina okluze byla reprezentována dvěma způsoby: funkční ohkluzní linií a okluzní linií podle Downsovy definice (bisected occlusal plane). Výsledky: U soubom pacientů došlo během léčby ke statisticky významné změně sklonu Downsovy okluzní roviny rotací ve směru clockwise. Změna sklonu funkční okluzní linie nebyla statisticky významná. Závěr: Při použití elastických tahů druhé třídy během ortodontické léčby dochází ke sklánění okluzní roviny rotací v&e směru clockwise. Funkční okluzní linie, která není definována postavením řezáků, není léčbou významně ovlivněna.

Aim: The aim was to find out whether the Class II elastics influence the cant of occlusal plane during orthodontic treatment. Material and method: The sample included 26 adults with distoocclusion after compensatory orthodontic treatment mith Class II elastics. Occlusal plane cant changes were evaluated m cephalograms. Occlusal plane was represented by two features: functional occlusal line and occlusal line according to Downs (bisected occlusal plane). Results: During the treatment there was recorded a statistically significant change in Downs occlusal plane cant due to clockwise rotation. The change in the functional occlusal line was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Class II elastics result in the occlusal plane inclination due to clockwise rotation. Functional occlusal plane that is not determined by incisors position is not significantly changed.

• Klíčová slova
• okluzní rovina, elastické tahy druhé třídy,
• MeSH
• dens axis MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kefalometrie využití   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• malokluze - Angleova II. třída diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• moláry MeSH
• ortodoncie korekční metody   MeSH
• ortodontické aparáty využití   MeSH
• posun zubů statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• řezáky MeSH
• úprava zubní okluze * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer. In this paper, the isolation and properties of exosomes as potential novel liquid biopsy markers for early PCa liquid biopsy diagnosis are investigated using two prostate human cell lines, i.e., benign (control) cell line RWPE1 and carcinoma cell line 22Rv1. Exosomes produced by both cell lines are characterised by various methods including nanoparticle-tracking analysis, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. In addition, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is used to study three different receptors on the exosomal surface (CD63, CD81 and prostate-specific membrane antigen-PMSA), implementing monoclonal antibodies and identifying the type of glycans present on the surface of exosomes using lectins (glycan-recognising proteins). Electrochemical analysis is used to understand the interfacial properties of exosomes. The results indicate that cancerous exosomes are smaller, are produced at higher concentrations, and exhibit more nega tive zeta potential than the control exosomes. The SPR experiments confirm that negatively charged α-2,3- and α-2,6-sialic acid-containing glycans are found in greater abundance on carcinoma exosomes, whereas bisecting and branched glycans are more abundant in the control exosomes. The SPR results also show that a sandwich antibody/exosomes/lectins configuration could be constructed for effective glycoprofiling of exosomes as a novel liquid biopsy marker.

• MeSH
• exozómy * chemie   MeSH
• karcinom * metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• lektiny analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polysacharidy analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• tekutá biopsie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• biomarkery farmakologické MeSH
• biotechnologie metody   MeSH
• preklinické hodnocení léčiv MeSH
• protilátky farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• příručky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Farmacie. Farmakologie
• NLK Obory
• farmacie a farmakologie
• alergologie a imunologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie

• MeSH
• klinické lékařství MeSH
• orální hygiena MeSH
• podpora zdraví MeSH
• preventivní zubní lékařství MeSH
• stomatologická péče MeSH
• zubní hygienici MeSH
• zubní prevence MeSH

• Konspekt
• Stomatologie
• NLK Obory
• zubní lékařství
• hygiena
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie