Sánchez-Jiménez, F* Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
In this paper, the decomposition reaction models and thermal hazard properties of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) and its PBXs bonded by Formex P1, Semtex 1A, C4, Viton A and Fluorel polymer matrices have been investigated based on isoconversional and combined kinetic analysis methods. The established kinetic triplets are used to predict the constant decomposition rate temperature profiles, the critical radius for thermal explosion and isothermal behavior at a temperature of 82°C. It has been found that the effect of the polymer matrices on the decomposition mechanism of RDX is significant resulting in very different reaction models. The Formex P1, Semtex and C4 could make decomposition process of RDX follow a phase boundary controlled reaction mechanism, whereas the Viton A and Fluorel make its reaction model shifts to a two dimensional Avrami-Erofeev nucleation and growth model. According to isothermal simulations, the threshold cook-off time until loss of functionality at 82°C for RDX-C4 and RDX-FM is less than 500 days, while it is more than 700 days for the others. Unlike simulated isothermal curves, when considering the charge properties and heat of decomposition, RDX-FM and RDX-C4 are better than RDX-SE in storage safety at arbitrary surrounding temperature.
Two untapered, heterocytous species were observed and collected from the intertidal and supratidal zones of the Mexican coastline of the Pacific Ocean near Oaxaca and from the Gulf of Mexico. These populations were highly similar in morphology to the freshwater taxon Petalonema incrustans in the Scytonemataceae. However, 16S rRNA sequence data and phylogenetic analysis indicated that they were sister taxa to the epiphyllic, Brazilian species Phyllonema aveceniicola in the Rivulariaceae, described from culture material. While genetic identity between the two new species was high, they differed significantly in morphology, 16S rRNA gene sequence identity, and sequence and structure of the 16S-23S ITS region. Their morphology differed markedly from the generitype of the previously monotypic Phyllonema, which has tapered, heteropolar, single-false branched trichomes with very thin or absent sheath. The two new species, Phyllonema ansata and Phyllonema tangolundensis, described from both culture and environmental material, have untapered, isopolar, geminately false branched trichomes with thick, lamellated sheaths, differences so significant that the species would not be placed in Phyllonema without molecular corroboration. The morphological differences are so significant that a formal emendation of the genus is required. These taxa provide a challenge to algal taxonomy because the morphological differences are such that one would logically conclude that they represent different genera, but the phylogenetic evidence for including them all in the same genus is conclusive. This conclusion is counter to the current trend in algal taxonomy in which taxa with minor morphological differences have been repeatedly placed in separate genera based primarily upon DNA sequence evidence.
- MeSH
- bílkoviny řas analýza MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA analýza MeSH
- RNA řas analýza MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S analýza MeSH
- sekundární struktura proteinů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza RNA MeSH
- sinice klasifikace cytologie genetika ultrastruktura MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Mexiko MeSH
BACKGROUND: Limited data are available to guide the management of coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs). OBJECTIVES: The authors sought to define the clinical characteristics, identify variables that predict outcomes, and provide long-term data on CAAs. METHODS: We describe outcomes from 1,729 consecutive patients with CAAs included in an ambispective international registry (CAAR [Coronary Artery Aneurysm Registry]; NCT02563626) involving 33 hospitals across 9 countries in America and Europe. RESULTS: Patients were predominantly male (78.6%; 1,359/1,729) with a mean age of 66 years. Classic cardiovascular risk factors were common, as well as coronary artery disease (85.8%; 1,484/1,729), peripheral vascular disease (10.9%; 188/1,729), and chronic kidney disease (8.0%; 138/1,729). The median number of aneurysms per patient was 1.0 (Q1-Q3: 1.0-1.0), with the most affected territory being the left anterior descending artery (49.6%; 857/1,729). The majority underwent any revascularization procedure (68.5%; 1,184/1,729), mainly percutaneous coronary intervention (50.7%; 877/1,729), and were discharged on dual antiplatelet therapy (65.6%; 1,134/1,729). After a median follow-up of 44.8 months (Q1-Q3: 14.9-88.1), 379 died (21.9%), and 641 (37.1%) developed a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) (all-cause death, heart failure, unstable angina, and reinfarction). In a multivariable analysis, age (HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02-1.04; P < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (HR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.23-1.75; P < 0.001), renal insufficiency (HR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.19-1.96; P = 0.010), peripheral vessel disease (HR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.13-1.82; P = 0.003), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.98-0.99; P < 0.001), acute indication for the index coronary angiography (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.08-1.55; P = 0.005), and the number of coronary vessels presenting severe stenosis (HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.02-1.20; P = 0.015) were independent predictors of MACEs. Remarkably, only 37 patients presented with local aneurysm complications during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The long-term prognosis of CAAs is not favorable, with MACEs associated with the underlying risk factor profile for atherosclerotic heart disease.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- koronární aneurysma * diagnostické zobrazování mortalita terapie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- registrace * MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
- Severní Amerika MeSH
Confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have a serious and complex impact on the mental health of patients with an eating disorder (ED) and of patients with obesity. The present manuscript has the following aims: (1) to analyse the psychometric properties of the COVID Isolation Eating Scale (CIES), (2) to explore changes that occurred due to confinement in eating symptomatology; and (3) to explore the general acceptation of the use of telemedicine during confinement. The sample comprised 121 participants (87 ED patients and 34 patients with obesity) recruited from six different centres. Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) tested the rational-theoretical structure of the CIES. Adequate goodness-of-fit was obtained for the confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach alpha values ranged from good to excellent. Regarding the effects of confinement, positive and negative impacts of the confinement depends of the eating disorder subtype. Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and with obesity endorsed a positive response to treatment during confinement, no significant changes were found in bulimia nervosa (BN) patients, whereas Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) patients endorsed an increase in eating symptomatology and in psychopathology. Furthermore, AN patients expressed the greatest dissatisfaction and accommodation difficulty with remote therapy when compared with the previously provided face-to-face therapy. The present study provides empirical evidence on the psychometric robustness of the CIES tool and shows that a negative confinement impact was associated with ED subtype, whereas OSFED patients showed the highest impairment in eating symptomatology and in psychopathology.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 prevence a kontrola MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- faktorová analýza statistická MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- obezita epidemiologie MeSH
- poruchy příjmu potravy epidemiologie MeSH
- psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
- psychometrie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sociální izolace psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Španělsko MeSH
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 lockdown has had a significant impact on mental health. Patients with eating disorders (ED) have been particularly vulnerable. AIMS: (1) To explore changes in eating-related symptoms and general psychopathology during lockdown in patients with an ED from various European and Asian countries; and (2) to assess differences related to diagnostic ED subtypes, age, and geography. METHODS: The sample comprised 829 participants, diagnosed with an ED according to DSM-5 criteria from specialized ED units in Europe and Asia. Participants were assessed using the COVID-19 Isolation Scale (CIES). RESULTS: Patients with binge eating disorder (BED) experienced the highest impact on weight and ED symptoms in comparison with other ED subtypes during lockdown, whereas individuals with other specified feeding and eating disorders (OFSED) had greater deterioration in general psychological functioning than subjects with other ED subtypes. Finally, Asian and younger individuals appeared to be more resilient. CONCLUSIONS: The psychopathological changes in ED patients during the COVID-19 lockdown varied by cultural context and individual variation in age and ED diagnosis. Clinical services may need to target preventive measures and adapt therapeutic approaches for the most vulnerable patients.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 prevence a kontrola psychologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- internacionalita MeSH
- karanténa psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- poruchy příjmu potravy psychologie MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- sociální izolace psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Asie MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
Advances in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have made it possible to obtain structures of large biological macromolecules at near-atomic resolution. This "resolution revolution" has encouraged the use and development of modeling tools able to produce high-quality atomic models from cryo-EM density maps. Unfortunately, many practical problems appear when combining different packages in the same processing workflow, which make difficult the use of these tools by non-experts and, therefore, reduce their utility. We present here a major extension of the image processing framework Scipion that provides inter-package integration in the model building area and full tracking of the complete workflow, from image processing to structure validation.
Cryo-electron microscopy has established as a mature structural biology technique to elucidate the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules. The Coulomb potential of the sample is imaged by an electron beam, and fast semi-conductor detectors produce movies of the sample under study. These movies have to be further processed by a whole pipeline of image-processing algorithms that produce the final structure of the macromolecule. In this chapter, we illustrate this whole processing pipeline putting in value the strength of "meta algorithms," which are the combination of several algorithms, each one with different mathematical rationale, in order to distinguish correctly from incorrectly estimated parameters. We show how this strategy leads to superior performance of the whole pipeline as well as more confident assessments about the reconstructed structures. The "meta algorithms" strategy is common to many fields and, in particular, it has provided excellent results in bioinformatics. We illustrate this combination using the workflow engine, Scipion.
- MeSH
- algoritmy * MeSH
- elektronová kryomikroskopie metody MeSH
- makromolekulární látky ultrastruktura MeSH
- molekulární biologie metody MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu metody MeSH
- průběh práce MeSH
- výpočetní biologie MeSH
- zobrazení jednotlivé molekuly metody MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
