Correlative imaging of cutaneous tumors provides additional information to the standard histopathologic examination. However, the joint progress in the establishment of analytical techniques, such as Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in clinical practice is still limited. Their combination provides complementary information as it is also shown in our study in terms of major biotic (Ca, Mg, and P) and trace (Cu and Zn) elements. To elucidate changes in the elemental composition in tumors, we have compiled a set of malignant tumors (Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Malignant Melanoma, and Epithelioid Angiosarcoma), one benign tumor (Pigmented Nevus) and one healthy-skin sample. The data processing was based on a methodological pipeline involving binary image registration and affine transformation. Thus, our paper brings a feasibility study of a practical methodological concept that enables us to compare LIBS and LA-ICP-MS results despite the mutual spatial distortion of original elemental images. Moreover, we also show that LIBS could be a sufficient pre-screening method even for a larger number of samples according to the speed and reproducibility of the analyses. Whereas LA-ICP-MS could serve as a ground truth and reference technique for preselected samples.

• MeSH
• bazocelulární karcinom diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie metody   MeSH
• laserová terapie MeSH
• lasery MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melanom diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• nádory kůže * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• pigmentový névus diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• spektrální analýza metody   MeSH
• spinocelulární karcinom diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• stopové prvky analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The sustenance of humans and livestock depends on the protection of the soil. Consequently, the pollution of the soil with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is of great concern to humanity. The objective of this study is to investigate the source apportionment, concentration levels and spatial distribution of PTEs in selected soils in Frýdek-Místek District of the Czech Republic. The total number of soil samples was 70 (topsoil 49 and 21 subsoils) and was analysed using a portable XRF machine. Contamination factor and the pollution index load were used for the assessment and interpreting the pollution and distribution of PTEs in the soils. The inverse distance weighting was used for the spatial evaluation of the PTEs. The results of the analysis showed that the area is composed of low-to-high pollution site. PTEs displayed spatial variation patterns. The average PTE concentration decreases in this Fe > Ti > Ba > Zr > Rb > Sr > Cr > Y>Cu > Ni > Th order for the topsoil and also decreases in this Fe > Ti > Zr > Ba > Rb > Sr > Cr > Y > Cu > Ni > and Th order for the subsoil. These PTEs Cr, Ni, Cu, Rb, Y, Zr, Ba, Th, and Fe were far above the baseline European average value and the World average value level, respectively. The source apportionment showed the dominance of Cr, Ni, Rb, Ti, Th, Zr, Cu, Fe in the topsoil, while the subsoil was dominated by all the PTEs (factor 1 to 6) except Ba. The study concludes that indiscriminate human activities have an enormous effect on soil pollution.

• MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• prostorová analýza MeSH
• půda chemie   MeSH
• těžké kovy analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• znečištění životního prostředí analýza   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The manuscript presents a procedure for optimal sample preparation and the mapping of the spatial distribution of metal ions and nanoparticles in plant roots using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) in a double-pulse configuration (DP LIBS) in orthogonal reheating mode. Two Nd:YAG lasers were used; the first one was an ablation laser (UP-266 MACRO, New Wave, USA) with a wavelength of 266nm, and the second one (Brilliant, Quantel, France), with a fundamental wavelength of 1064nm, was used to reheat the microplasma. Seedlings of Vicia faba were cultivated for 7 days in CuSO4 or AgNO3 solutions with a concentration of 10µmoll-1 or in a solution of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with a concentration of 10µmoll-1 of total Ag, and in distilled water as a control. The total contents of the examined metals in the roots after sample mineralization as well as changes in the concentrations of the metals in the cultivation solutions were monitored by ICP-OES. Root samples embedded in the TissueTek medium and cut into 40µm thick cross sections using the Cryo-Cut Microtome proved to be best suited for an accurate LIBS analysis with a 50µm spatial resolution. 2D raster maps of elemental distribution were created for the emission lines of Cu(I) at 324.754nm and Ag(I) at 328.068nm. The limits of detection of DP LIBS for the root cross sections were estimated to be 4pg for Cu, 18pg for Ag, and 3pg for AgNPs. The results of Ag spatial distribution mapping indicated that unlike Ag+ ions, AgNPs do not penetrate into the inner tissues of Vicia faba roots but stay in their outermost layers. The content of Ag in roots cultivated in the AgNP solution was one order of magnitude lower compared to roots cultivated in the metal ion solutions. The significantly smaller concentration of Ag in root tissues cultivated in the AgNP solution also supports the conclusion that the absorption and uptake of AgNPs by roots of Vicia faba is very slow. LIBS mapping of root sections represents a fast analytical method with sufficient precision and spatial resolution that can provide very important information for researchers, particularly in the fields of plant science and ecotoxicology.

• MeSH
• kořeny rostlin metabolismus   MeSH
• kovové nanočástice chemie   MeSH
• lasery * MeSH
• měď metabolismus   MeSH
• spektrální analýza * MeSH
• stříbro chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Vicia faba metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• neutronová aktivační analýza MeSH
• nutriční stav MeSH
• selen analýza   krev   moč   MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• stopové prvky analýza   MeSH
• venkovské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Road and railway networks are pervasive elements of all environments, which have expanded intensively over the last century in all European countries. These transportation infrastructures have major impacts on the surrounding landscape, representing a threat to biodiversity. Roadsides and railways may function as corridors for dispersal of alien species in fragmented landscapes. However, only few studies have explored the spread of invasive species in relationship to transport network at large spatial scales. We performed a spatial mismatch analysis, based on a spatially explicit correlation test, to investigate whether alien plant species hotspots in Germany and Austria correspond to areas of high density of roads and railways. We tested this independently of the effects of dominant environments in each spatial unit, in order to focus just on the correlation between occurrence of alien species and density of linear transportation infrastructures. We found a significant spatial association between alien plant species hotspots distribution and roads and railways density in both countries. As expected, anthropogenic landscapes, such as urban areas, harbored more alien plant species, followed by water bodies. However, our findings suggested that the distribution of neobiota is strongest correlated to road/railways density than to land use composition. This study provides new evidence, from a transnational scale, that alien plants can use roadsides and rail networks as colonization corridors. Furthermore, our approach contributes to the understanding on alien plant species distribution at large spatial scale by the combination with spatial modeling procedures.

• MeSH
• rostliny * MeSH
• zavlečené druhy * MeSH
• železnice * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Německo MeSH
• Rakousko MeSH

Human activities are altering the fundamental geography of biogeochemicals. Yet we lack an understanding of how the spatial patterns in organismal stoichiometry affect biogeochemical processes and the tools to predict the impacts of global changes on biogeochemical processes. In this contribution we develop stoichiometric distribution models (StDMs), which allow us to map spatial structure in resource elemental composition across a landscape and evaluate spatial responses of consumers. We parameterise StDMs for a consumer-resource (moose-white birch) system and demonstrate that we can develop predictive models of resource stoichiometry across a landscape and that such models could improve our predictions of consumer space use. With results from our study system application, we argue that explicit consideration of the spatial patterns in organismal elemental composition may uncover emergent individual, population, community and ecosystem properties that are not revealed at the local extents routinely used in ecological stoichiometry. We discuss perspectives for further developments and application of StDMs to advance three emerging frameworks for spatial ecosystem ecology in an era of global change; meta-ecosystem theory, macroecological stoichiometry and remotely sensed biogeochemistry. Progress on these emerging frameworks will allow for the integration of ecological stoichiometry and individual space use and fitness.

• MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• ekologie * MeSH
• ekosystém * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

An in vitro test simulating release of elements from inhaled particles using artificial lung fluids was used in estimation of bioavailability of hazardous elements (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn). The extractable Al, Cr, Pb, and Fe did not exceed 1 %. The mobility of the elements was affected by the extractants used, incubation time and/or element properties. Whereas no significant differences between the extractants were found for As and Cr, higher extractability of the other elements was observed depending on the artificial lung fluid.

• MeSH
• biologická dostupnost * MeSH
• bronchoalveolární laváž MeSH
• bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina * MeSH
• indikátory a reagencie MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• látky znečišťující vzduch MeSH
• městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• prach * MeSH
• prvky MeSH
• respirační sliznice patologie   MeSH
• riziko MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zinek * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• znečištění ovzduší MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• chlorid sodný MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• endemická struma moč   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• jod analýza   metabolismus   moč   MeSH
• jodid draselný zásobování a distribuce   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nemoci štítné žlázy epidemiologie   moč   MeSH
• stopové prvky zásobování a distribuce   MeSH
• venkovské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH

• MeSH
• chlorid sodný MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endemická struma moč   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• jod analýza   metabolismus   moč   MeSH
• jodid draselný zásobování a distribuce   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nemoci štítné žlázy diagnóza   epidemiologie   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• stopové prvky zásobování a distribuce   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH

• MeSH
• kadmium krev   normy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• olovo krev   normy   MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• spektrofotometrie atomová metabolismus   normy   MeSH
• venkovské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• vícefázový screening MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH