gnotobiotic piglet Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu

Přesná shoda Sémantické

The virulence factors EAST1 and AIDA are often detected in ETEC/VTEC strains isolated from pigs and their role in diarrhoeal infections is discussed. In order to elucidate the pathogenesis of AIDA, the colonisation patterns of F4 positive and AIDA positive strains were investigated. Two wild-type Escherichia coli strains AIDA/EAST1 and F4/EAST1 isolated from diarrhoeal piglets were used for animal experiment to evaluate the ability of the EAST1 toxin to be involved in induction of diarrhoea. Gnotobiotic piglets were supplemented with normal porcine serum and orally inoculated with the strains. Faecal bacterial shedding of the challenge strains was observed during the experiment. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to detect the colonisation pattern of both challenge strains. Although bacterial isolation demonstrated shedding of the challenge strains until the end of the experiment, diarrhoea did not develop in any piglet. Based on histological examination, piglets were more heavily colonised in the case of infection with E. coli O149/F4/EAST1 strain. Scanning electron microscopy showed bacterial cells of F4/EAST1 E. coli adhering to enterocytes, in contrast to AIDA/EAST1 which were poorly present on the intestinal surface. The EAST1 toxin alone was not able to induce diarrhoea in animals. Therefore our results demonstrate that the function/role of EAST1 and AIDA in colibacillosis of pigs remains to be elucidated.

Článek online

Colonization of preterm gnotobiotic piglets with probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and its interference with Salmonella Typhimurium

... Preterm gnotobiotic piglets were colonized with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) to evaluate its safety ...

Clinical and experimental immunology. 2019 ; 195 (3) : 381-394. [pub] 20181202

Clin Exp Immunol
ISSN 1365-2249
Medvik
Zdroj

A balanced microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a prerequisite for a healthy host. The GIT microbiota in preterm infants is determined by the method of delivery and nutrition. Probiotics can improve the GIT microbiota balance and suitable animal models are required to verify their harmlessness. Preterm gnotobiotic piglets were colonized with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) to evaluate its safety and possible protective action against infection with an enteric pathogen, Salmonella Typhimurium (ST). Clinical signs (anorexia, somnolence, fever and diarrhea), bacterial interference and translocation, intestinal histopathology, transcriptions of claudin-1, occludin and interferon (IFN)-γ, intestinal and systemic protein levels of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-12/23 p40 and IFN-γ were compared among (i) germ-free, (ii) LGG-colonized, (iii) ST-infected and (iv) LGG-colonized and subsequently ST-infected piglets for 24 h. Both LGG and ST-colonized the GIT; LGG translocated in some cases into mesenteric lymph nodes and the spleen but did not cause bacteremia and clinical changes. ST caused clinical signs of gastroenteritis, translocated into mesenteric lymph nodes, the spleen, liver and blood, increased claudin-1 and IFN-γ transcriptions, but decreased occludin transcription and increased local and systemic levels of IL-8 and IL-12/23 p40. Previous colonization with LGG reduced ST colonization in the jejunum and translocation into the liver, spleen and blood. It partially ameliorated histopathological changes in the intestine, reduced IL-8 levels in the jejunum and plasma and IL-12/23 p40 in the jejunum. The preterm gnotobiotic piglet model of the vulnerable preterm immunocompromised infant is useful to verify the safety of probiotics and evaluate their protective effect.

MeSH
bakteriální translokace MeSH
cytokiny analýza MeSH
gnotobiologické modely MeSH
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus * MeSH
prasata MeSH
předčasný porod mikrobiologie MeSH
probiotika farmakologie MeSH
proteiny těsného spoje genetika MeSH
Salmonella typhimurium růst a vývoj MeSH
střeva mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
střevní mikroflóra MeSH
těhotenství MeSH
zvířata MeSH
Check Tag
těhotenství MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
zvířata MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH
práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Článek online

Double alteration of the small intestine in conventional and gnotobiotic piglets experimentally infected with the coccidium Isospora suis (Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae)

... The pathogenicity of the coccidium Isospora suis was studied in 42 conventional and 26 gnotobiotic piglets ...

Folia parasitologica. 1990 ; 37 (1) : 21-33.

Folia parasitol.
ISSN 0015-5683
Medvik
Zdroj

The pathogenicity of the coccidium Isospora suis was studied in 42 conventional and 26 gnotobiotic piglets at 1-13 days post infection (DPI). The prepatent period of the coccidium I. suis was 4.5-5 days. Only in one experiment in conventional piglets the prepatent period of 3.5 days was recorded. At least 9 days pathogenesis of I. suis was recorded during which double alteration of the small intestine occurred. The first alteration was found at 3-4 DPI. The second phase of alterative changes was observed at 8-9 DPI. In comparison with gnotobiotic piglets in conventional piglets clinical signs and pathological changes used to appear one day sooner but reparation and regeneration of alterative changes was quicker. In the first phase of the infection (3-7 or 8 DPI) the heaviest pathological changes were in the posterior jejunum. In the second phase of the infection (8 or 9-12 DPI) the heaviest changes were in the middle jejunum. In short period repeated lesions of mucosal barrier of the small intestine multiply the pathogenicity of I. suis and rank I. suis in front place among other enteropathogens of nursing piglets.

MeSH
gnotobiologické modely MeSH
Isospora patogenita MeSH
kokcidióza parazitologie patologie veterinární MeSH
mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
nemoci prasat parazitologie patologie MeSH
parazitární nemoci střev parazitologie patologie veterinární MeSH
prasata MeSH
tenké střevo parazitologie patologie ultrastruktura MeSH
zvířata MeSH
Check Tag
zvířata MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH

Článek

Local and systemic occurrences of HMGB1 in gnotobiotic piglets infected with E. coli O55 are related to bacterial translocation and inflammatory cytokines

... HMGB1 in Escherichia coli O55-caused infection, in relation to inflammatory cytokines, using a pig gnotobiotic ...

Cytokine (Philadelphia, Pa. Print). 2012 ; 60 (3) : 597-600.

Cytokine
ISSN 1096-0023
Medvik
Zdroj

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear protein, can be secreted by stimulated cells or released from damaged cells. It is recognized as a late mediator of sepsis, but its extracellular occurrence has primarily been studied on the systemic level. Acute and chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, however, have usually been connected with immediate local cell damage. We present local and systemic findings of HMGB1 in Escherichia coli O55-caused infection, in relation to inflammatory cytokines, using a pig gnotobiotic infection model. High levels of HMGB1 were detected in the intestine of those piglets that suffered from infection (fever, anorexia, and diarrhea), as compared to their E. coli 055-infected counterparts that thrived. These local changes were also reflected at the systemic level and related to inflammatory cytokines. Based on our findings of high levels of HMGB1 in the intestinal content of the infection-suffering gnotobiotic piglets, its concurrent presence with inflammatory cytokines, and the published literature, we propose that the detection and analysis of HMGB1 levels in feces can be a non-invasive method of clinical evaluation of the severity of enteric infections.