This work is focused on investigation of applicability of two widely used model equations for description of nonlinear standing waves in constant-cross-sectioned resonators. The investigation is based on the comparison of numerical solutions of these model equations with solutions of more accurate model equations whose validity has been verified experimentally in a number of published papers.

• MeSH
• akustika * MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• nelineární dynamika * MeSH
• numerická analýza pomocí počítače MeSH
• počítačová simulace MeSH
• pohyb těles MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• tlak MeSH
• vibrace MeSH
• zvuk * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: Dyspareunia is a genital pain during or after penile-vaginal sexual intercourse. It is a painful spasm of the pelvic muscles that partly or entirely disables vaginal penetration. OBJECTIVES: We examined the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on idiopathic non-organic dyspareunia in women. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted. METHODS: The study included 62 women who reported dyspareunia. Patients in the treatment and placebo groups received ESWT perineally weekly for 4 consecutive weeks; placebo patients received placebo stand-off treatment. The grade of dyspareunia was estimated by using the Marinoff Dyspareunia Scale and subjective pain intensity on a visual analog scale (VAS) before and after treatment. Follow-ups were conducted 1, 4 and 12 weeks after the final ESWT session. RESULTS: The study included 61 women. The treatment but not placebo group differed by the Marinoff Dyspareunia Scale and VAS. Differences before and after treatment within groups were all P<0.001 and between groups, P<0.001. Pain reduction was always>30%. The effect sizes were both large: Marinoff 0.825 and VAS 0.883. CONCLUSIONS: ESWT significantly reduced subjective pain in our women treated for dyspareunia.

• MeSH
• dyspareunie * etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• léčba mimotělní rázovou vlnou * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: Currently, there are no effective therapy strategies for idiopathic, non-organic vulvodynia in women. ESWT (extracorporeal shock wave therapy) is a nonsurgical/noninvasive technique widely used to treat musculoskeletal diseases, muscle spasticity and hypertonia, renal and biliary calculi and urological disorders. AIM: We examined the effects of ESWT on vulvodynia in women. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted between 2015 and 2018 following a feasibility study. SETTING: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital departments. POPULATION: The study included 62 women with vulvodynia for at least 3 months. METHODS: The women were randomly assigned to either a treatment group (N.=31) or a placebo group (N.=31). The patients in the treatment group received perineally applied ESWT weekly (3000 pulses each for four consecutive weeks). The energy flux density was 0.25 mJ/mm2, frequency 4 Hz, focus zone 0-30 mm, therapeutic efficacy 0-90 mm, stand-off II. The device used was a standard electromagnetic shock wave unit with a focused shock wave handpiece. The position of the shock wave transducer was changed six times after every 500 pulses. Patients in the placebo group underwent the same treatment procedure, but the handpiece was provided with a placebo stand-off that disabled energy transmission. Subjective pain was self-evaluated by each patient using two tools before and after treatment: a 10 cm linear visual analogue scale (VAS, 0-10) and a cotton-swab test (CST, Goetsch scale 0-4). Follow-ups were done 1, 4, and 12 weeks post-ESWT. RESULTS: In all, 61 women completed the study. We tested for differences in the VAS and CST within and between the treatment and placebo groups. The testing was between before treatment and particular follow-up. We found significant changes in the treatment group. Reductions in VAS (P<0.01) and CST (P<0.01) were observed at all three follow-ups. At all assessments, pain reduction was always >30%. In the placebo group there were no statistically significant changes between before and after treatment. There were no differences between the treatment and placebo groups before treatment but statistically significant differences at all three follow-ups (VAS P<0.01); CST P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: ESWT seems to reduce pain perception in our treatment group. Thus, we are encouraged to explore this technique further. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: The method is easily replicable, inexpensive, and without known side effects.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
• léčba mimotělní rázovou vlnou * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• měření bolesti MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• vulvodynie terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

Inhibitors of antiapoptotic proteins of the BCL2 family can successfully restart the deregulated process of apoptosis in malignant cells. Whereas nonselective agents have been limited by their affinity to different BCL2 members, thus inducing excessive toxicity, the highly selective BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax (ABT-199, Venclexta™) has an acceptable safety profile. To date, it has been approved in monotherapy for the treatment of relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with 17p deletion. Extension of indications can be expected in monotherapy and in combination regimens. Sensitivity to venetoclax is not common in lymphomas, but promising outcomes have been achieved in the mantle cell lymphoma group. Venetoclax is also active in multiple myeloma patients, especially in those with translocation t(11;14), even if high-risk features such as del17p are also present. Surprisingly, positive results are being obtained in elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients, in whom inhibition of BCL2 is able to substantially increase the efficacy of low-dose cytarabine or hypomethylating agents. Here, we provide a summary of available results from clinical trials and describe a specific mechanism of action that stands behind the efficacy of venetoclax in hematological malignancies.

• MeSH
• akutní myeloidní leukemie farmakoterapie   MeSH
• bicyklické sloučeniny heterocyklické farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• chronická lymfatická leukemie farmakoterapie   MeSH
• klinické protokoly MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• protinádorové látky farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• signální transdukce účinky léků   MeSH
• sulfonamidy farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• biologický transport MeSH
• iontová výměna MeSH
• vápník metabolismus   MeSH
• vápníkové kanály MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kongresy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
• NLK Obory
• biochemie
• fyziologie
• farmacie a farmakologie

OBJECTIVES: Minimally invasive surgery for atrial fibrillation (AF) has rapidly evolved recently. The long-term efficacy of most of these procedures is poorly known. METHODS: Between 2006 and 2010, 38 drug-resistant, symptomatic patients with stand-alone AF underwent unilateral, thoracoscopic, off-pump ablation. The mean age was 60 ± 8.2 (range 42-75) years and the mean AF duration was 46 ± 62 (range 3-240) months. Sixteen patients (42%) had paroxysmal, 9 (24%) had persistent and 13 (34%) had long-standing persistent AF. A box lesion was created using a microwave (26 patients) or monopolar radiofrequency (12 patients) system. Patients were prospectively followed with repeat electrocardiograms (ECGs) and ECG Holters. Additional catheter ablation was offered to patients with recurrence of arrhythmia. RESULTS: All procedures were completed as planned with one conversion to sternotomy, zero mortality and minimal in-hospital complications. The mean follow-up duration was 70 ± 19 (range 20-88) months. Arrhythmia-free survival rates after the procedure were 50, 44.4, 24.1 and 10.8% at 6, 12, 36 and 60 months, respectively, with most recurrences in the first 6 months. Twelve patients underwent additional catheter ablation(s); from the last intervention, 75% of them were in sinus rhythm (SR) with a mean follow-up of 31 ± 23 (range 4-86) months. Overall, at the end of follow-up, only 3 patients were still in SR without any arrhythmia recurrence. Major complications (cerebral, peripheral embolism or bleeding) occurred in 5 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral, thoracoscopic AF ablation is safe and technically feasible. However, the results of the microwave and monopolar radiofrequency devices were less than satisfactory, with a gradual decline in arrhythmia-free survival over a very long-term follow-up.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrokardiografie MeSH
• fibrilace síní mortalita   chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrovlny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• míra přežití trendy   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• torakoskopie metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

Apart from being a powerful medical imaging technique ultrasound can also be used as a therapeutic modality. In vitro sonication experiments performed on cultured cells are one of primary research methods. However present sonication protocols and methods meet many effects influencing the final ultrasound dose experienced by the sonicated samples. The main aim of this study is to assess the influence of laboratory glass and plastics on ultrasound field parameters during in vitro sonication experiments. We performed measurements of ultrasound field parameters (ultrasound intensity and its local distribution) behind commonly used laboratory glass and plastics placed into the far field region of an ultrasound transducer. We tested the influence of several types of culture dishes, culture plates and sample test tubes. Culture dishes reduced ultrasound intensity by tens of percent but did not affect the shape of ultrasound field. 6-well plate reduced ultrasound intensity only by 5 %. Culture plates with well diameter smaller than the diameter of the main lobe of ultrasound beam focus ultrasound energy. Laboratory glass and plastics with curved surface also focus ultrasound energy. We proved that laboratory glass and plastics considerably affect ultrasound field parameters. Thus sonicated samples are exposed to different ultrasound conditions compared to those reported in some of scientific articles. Rest of factors (standing waves formation, streaming, cell mixing, heating and homogeneity of ultrasound field in terms of near and far ultrasound field) affecting the ultrasound field parameters experienced by sonicated samples also need to be studied further.

• MeSH
• plastické hmoty MeSH
• sklo MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• ultrazvukové vlny * MeSH
• výzkum MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

There is an increasing interest in acoustics for microfluidic applications. This field, commonly known as acoustofluidics involves the interaction of ultrasonic standing waves with fluids and dispersed microparticles. The combination of microfluidics and the so-called acoustic standing waves (ASWs) led to the development of integrated systems for contact-less on-chip cell and particle manipulation where it is possible to move and spatially localize these particles based on the different acoustophysical properties. While it was initially suggested that the acoustic forces could be harmful to the cells and could impact cell viability, proliferation, or function via phenotypic or even genotypic changes, further studies disproved such claims. This review is summarizing some interesting applications of acoustofluidics in the manipulations of biomaterials, such as cells or subcellular vesicles, in works published mainly within the last 5 years.

• MeSH
• akustika * MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• mikrofluidika * MeSH
• viabilita buněk MeSH
• zvuk MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

This study aims to objectively evaluate the trunk posture of sweep rowers (bow-side rowers/stroke-side rowers) and compare the results with scull rowers and non-rowing controls. Sixty-four healthy individuals divided into four groups were assessed using a DIERS formetric III 4D device that is based on a method of moiré topography. There were seven parameters observed in an assessment of standing posture, and eight parameters were studied for an evaluation of posture during the gait cycle. In comparison with non-rowing controls and scull rowers, stroke-side rowers showed significantly greater rotational deviation of the trunk at the L3 vertebra level and a greater magnitude of scoliosis angle during walking throughout the single support phase on the left leg (p < 0.05). Stroke-side rowers also demonstrated greater magnitude of scoliosis angle than non-rowing controls in double support phase in the transition from the left to the right leg (p < 0.05). Moreover, as opposed to non-rowing controls, stroke-side rowers and scull rowers showed significantly greater values of coronal imbalance (p < 0.05). Bow-side rowers differed from non-rowing controls and scull rowers in a significantly greater magnitude of scoliosis angle throughout the single support phase on the left leg (p < 0.05). Trial registration number: clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT05685563).

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• chůze (způsob) fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• postura těla * fyziologie   MeSH
• rotace MeSH
• skolióza patofyziologie   MeSH
• trup * fyziologie   MeSH
• vodní sporty * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Previous EEG studies reported the presence of synchronised 15-30 Hz oscillations in vertex electrodes following innocuous somatosensory stimulation and noxious laser stimulation. The purpose of the present study was to analyse the sources of poststimulus increases of 15-30 Hz oscillations during noxious laser stimulation of four different body regions and to compare the sources of the poststimulus synchronisation with the sources of the N2 component of laser-evoked potential (LEP). In 10 healthy subjects, moderately painful laser stimuli were applied to the dorsum of the right hand, dorsum of the right foot, right groin, and right side of the face. EEG data, recorded from 111 scalp sites, were analysed using event-related desynchronisation method and source dipole analysis. A profound amplitude increase of 15-30 Hz oscillations peaking 1-2 s after noxious laser stimulation was found during stimulation of each body part. The sources of these oscillations were located in the dorsal posterior cingulate cortex and showed no somatotopic arrangement. The sources of the N2-LEP component were located in the anterior mid-cingulate cortex 25-30 mm rostral to the sources of 15-30 Hz oscillations. The amplitude of the poststimulus synchronisation of 15-30 Hz oscillations correlated (P<0.05) with the amplitude of N2-LEP component. Results show that noxious laser stimuli induce bursts of 15-30 Hz oscillations in the posterior cingulate cortex. The poststimulus increases of 15-30 Hz oscillations may stand for transient cortical inhibition possibly aiding temporary suppression of motor programs that have been primed by noxious stimulation.

• MeSH
• bolest patofyziologie   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cingulární gyrus patofyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroencefalografie MeSH
• evokované potenciály MeSH
• funkční lateralita MeSH
• korová synchronizace MeSH
• lasery škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mapování mozku MeSH
• mozek patofyziologie   MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) patofyziologie   MeSH
• obličej patofyziologie   MeSH
• periodicita MeSH
• počítačové zpracování signálu MeSH
• ruka patofyziologie   MeSH
• třísla patofyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH