wood dust Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Cílem článku je seznámit čtenáře s výsledky měření prašnosti prostředí v dřevozpracujícím průmyslu. Ve výrobním závodě bylo provedeno dvojí měření autorizovanou osobou, a to před instalací a následně po instalaci patentovaného systému zvlhčování rakouské firmy Merlin – Technology, GmbH Ried in Innkreis. Z výsledků měření je možno vysledovat výrazné snížení prašnosti. Dalším, neméně podstatným cílem bylo seznámit širokou odbornou lékařskou veřejnost s novinkou na českém trhu, a to systémem zvlhčování vzduchu pro výrobní podniky.
The aim of the article is to inform the reader about the results of measuring dust in the environment in the wood industry. The double measurement was taken in the factory by an authorized person before and after installation of the patented system of moisturizing of the Austrian firm Merlin-Technology, GmbH Ried in Innkreis. The results showed a significant decrease of dust in the environment. Another substantial aim is to inform health professionals about the new product on the Czech market – the system of moisturizing the air for industrial entreprises.
IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans ; Vol. 62
405 s.
- Konspekt
- Hygiena. Lidské zdraví
- NLK Obory
- environmentální vědy
- chemie, klinická chemie
- toxikologie
- hygiena
- NLK Publikační typ
- publikace WHO
Air pollution by wood dust in furniture production sites is an important hygiene issue. The dust is created by all types of wood and wood-based material machining, and its concentration in the working zone surrounding the machining stand depends on the effectiveness of the dust exhaust system. In present research, three setups of the dust extraction system for a conventional table sawing machine are considered while machining particleboards. The results showed a high impact of the exhaust system connection setup on the dust concentration in the air surrounding the sawing machine work stand. The use of both main and auxiliary sawdust extraction connectors together ensured the highest clearness of the air, with only 0.5 mg/m3 of dust concentration. Closing the upper hood leads to a concentration five times higher, while disconnecting it results in a ten times higher dust content. The finest dust particles (<1 µm), however, are the most numerous in the case of closing the hood.
From December 1993 to January 1995 and from October 2009 to October 2010, a total of 320 and 365 daily samples of the PM2.5 were collected at a rural background site (National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice) in Central Europe. The PM2.5 samples were analyzed for 29 and 26 elements respectively by Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and water-soluble inorganic ions by Ion Chromatography (IC) in 2009/2010. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) was applied to the chemical composition of PM2.5 to determine its sources. The decreasing trends of almost all elements concentrations, especially the metals regulated by the EU Directive (2004/107/EC) are evident. The annual median ratios indicate a decrease in concentrations of the PM2.5 elements. The slight increase of K concentrations and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient rs 0.09 K/Se points to a rise in residential wood combustion. The S concentrations are nearly comparable (higher mean in 2009/2010, while the annual median ratio is under 1). The five major source types in the mid-1990s were ascribed to brown coal combustion, oil combustion, sea salt and dust - long-range transport, re-suspended dust and black coal combustion. The industrial combustion of brown and/or black coal (rs 0.75 Se/As, rs 0.57 Ga/Ge and rs 0.20 As/Zn) and oil (rs 0.72 V/Ni) of the regional origin dominated. In the 1990s, the potential source regions were the border area of Czech Republic, German and Poland (brown coal), the Moravia-Silesia region at the Czech-Polish border (black coal), and Slovakia, Austria, Hungary, and the Balkans (oil). In 2009/2010, the apportioned sources were sulfate, residential heating, nitrate, industry, re-suspended dust, and sea salt and dust - long-range transport. The secondary sulfate from coal combustion and residential biomass burning (rs 0.96, K/K+) of local origin dominated. The declining trend of the elemental concentrations and change in the source pattern of the regional background PM2.5 in Central Europe between the mid-1990s and 2009/10 reflects the economic transformation and impact of stricter legislation in Central Europe.
- MeSH
- dřevo chemie MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch analýza MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- pevné částice analýza MeSH
- prach analýza MeSH
- průmysl MeSH
- uhlí analýza MeSH
- velikost částic MeSH
- znečištění ovzduší analýza statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Balkánský poloostrov MeSH
- Česká republika MeSH
- Maďarsko MeSH
- Polsko MeSH
- Rakousko MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
