Metabolic disorders caused by the imbalance of gut microbiota have been associated with the consumption of processed foods. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of antimicrobial food additives (benzoate, sorbate, nitrite, and bisulfite) and sweeteners (saccharin, stevia, sucralose, aspartame, and cyclamate) on the growth and metabolism of some gut and potentially probiotic bacterial species. The effects on the growth of Bifidobacterium longum, Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis cultures were investigated using a turbidimetric test and by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). To evaluate the metabolic activity, the cultures were exposed to compounds with the highest antimicrobial activity, subjected to cultivation with inulin (1.5%), and analyzed by liquid chromatography for the production of short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate). The results showed that potassium sorbate (25 mg/mL), sodium bisulfite (0.7 mg/mL), sodium benzoate, and saccharin (5 mg/mL) presented greater antimicrobial activity against the studied species. L. lactis and L. acidophilus bacteria had reduced short-chain fatty acid production after exposure to saccharin and sorbate, and B. longum after exposure to sorbate, in comparison to controls (acetic acid reduction 1387 μg/mL and propionic 23 μg/mL p < 0.05).
Live biotherapeutic products constitute an emerging therapeutic approach to prevent or treat inflammatory bowel diseases. Lactobacillus acidophilus is a constituent of the human microbiota with probiotic potential, that is illustrated by improvement of intestinal inflammation and antimicrobial activity against several pathogens. In this study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory properties of the L. acidophilus strain BIO5768 at steady state and upon acute inflammation. Supplementation of naïve mice with BIO5768 heightened the transcript level of some IL-17 target genes encoding for protein with microbicidal activity independently of NOD2 signaling. Of these, the BIO5768-induced expression of Angiogenin-4 was blunted in monocolonized mice that are deficient for the receptor of IL-17 (but not for NOD2). Interestingly, priming of bone marrow derived dendritic cells by BIO5768 enhanced their ability to support the secretion of IL-17 by CD4+ T cells. Equally of importance, the production of IL-22 by type 3 innate lymphoid cells is concomitantly heightened in response to BIO5768. When administered alone or in combination with Bifidobacterium animalis spp. lactis BIO5764 and Limosilactobacillus reuteri, BIO5768 was able to alleviate at least partially intestinal inflammation induced by Citrobacter rodentium infection. Furthermore, BIO5768 was also able to improve colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). In conclusion, we identify a new potential probiotic strain for the management of inflammatory bowel diseases, and provide some insights into its IL-17-dependent and independent mode of action.
- MeSH
- Bifidobacterium animalis MeSH
- enterobakteriální infekce terapie MeSH
- idiopatické střevní záněty * terapie MeSH
- interleukin-17 MeSH
- kolitida * chemicky indukované terapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- kyselina trinitrobenzensulfonová škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus * MeSH
- lymfocyty MeSH
- myši MeSH
- přirozená imunita * MeSH
- probiotika * farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- zánět MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a DNA-binding nuclear protein that can be actively secreted by immune cells after different immune stimuli or passively released from cells undergoing necrosis. HMGB1 amplifies inflammation, and its hypersecretion contributes to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death. We tested possible immunomodulatory effect of commensal Lactobacillus amylovorus (LA), Lactobacillus mucosae (LM) or probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in infection of gnotobiotic piglets with Salmonella Typhimurium (ST). Transcription of HMGB1 and Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2, 4, and 9 and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), TLR4-related molecules (MD-2, CD14, and LBP), and adaptor proteins (MyD88 and TRIF) in the ileum and colon were measured by RT-qPCR. Expression of TLR4 and its related molecules were highly upregulated in the ST-infected intestine, which was suppressed by EcN, but not LA nor LM. In contrast, HMGB1 expression was unaffected by ST infection or commensal/probiotic administration. HMGB1 protein levels in the intestine measured by ELISA were increased in ST-infected piglets, but they were decreased by previous colonization with E. coli Nissle 1917 only. We conclude that the stability of HMGB1 mRNA expression in all piglet groups could show its importance for DNA transcription and physiological cell functions. The presence of HMGB1 protein in the intestinal lumen probably indicates cellular damage.
- MeSH
- Escherichia coli imunologie MeSH
- gnotobiologické modely imunologie MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus imunologie MeSH
- prasata * imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- probiotika * MeSH
- protein HMGB1 imunologie MeSH
- Salmonella typhimurium imunologie MeSH
- signální transdukce imunologie MeSH
- střeva imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- toll-like receptor 4 imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Enteroviruses have been associated with a host of clinical presentations including acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). The site of primary replication for most enteroviruses is the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) may confer protection in the GIT against them. This study therefore investigates the antiviral potential of some selected lactic acid bacteria against enterovirus isolates recovered from AFP cases. The antiviral activities of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus amylovorus, and Enterococcus hirae in broth culture, their cell-free supernatant (CFS), and bacterial cell pellets were assayed against Echovirus 7 (E7), E13, and E19 in a pre- and post-treatment approach using cytopathic effect (CPE) and cell viability (MTT) assay. The tested Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus amylovorus, and Enterococcus hirae strains have good antiviral properties against E7 and E19 but not against E13. Lactobacillus amylovorus AA099 shows the highest activity against E19. The pre-treatment approach displays better antiviral activities compared to post-treatment approach. The LAB in broth suspension have better antiviral activities than their corresponding CFS and bacterial pellet. Lactic acid bacteria used in this study have the potential as antiviral agents.
- MeSH
- antivirové látky farmakologie MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- Enterococcus hirae fyziologie MeSH
- enterovirové infekce prevence a kontrola virologie MeSH
- Enterovirus klasifikace účinky léků MeSH
- Lactobacillales fyziologie MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus fyziologie MeSH
- Lactobacillus plantarum fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- probiotika farmakologie MeSH
- viabilita buněk MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Moro reflex je samozřejmou a důležitou součástí neurologického vyšetření novorozence a malého kojence. Od jeho popisu uplynulo 100 let – byl popsán v práci Ernsta Moro v roce 1918 (Umklammerungsreflex). Ernst Moro (1874–1951) byl významnou osobností lékařské vědy počátku 20. století, jednou z důležitých postav rozvíjejícího se dětského lékařství s velmi širokým odborným záběrem. Jeho profesní kariéra i životní osud byl vzhledem k židovskému původu jeho ženy negativně ovlivněn politickou situací v nacistickém Německu.
The Moro reflex test is an essential part of the neurological examination of newborns and infants. The reflex was first described a century ago in Ernst Moro‘s paper Umklammerungsreflex (1918). Ernst Moro (1874–1951) was an important figure of early 20th century medicine with a wide area of expertise, including the newly developing pediatrics. With the rise of Nazism in Germany, Moro's professional career and personal life were disrupted because of his wife's Jewish origins.
- MeSH
- abnormální reflex * fyziologie MeSH
- atopická dermatitida dějiny diagnóza klasifikace MeSH
- biografie jako téma MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus izolace a purifikace klasifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurologie dějiny MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- pediatrie * dějiny MeSH
- tuberkulóza diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- úleková reakce fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- O autorovi
- Moro Ernst
AIM: Intestinal dysbiosis seems to be the leading cause of inflammatory bowel diseases, and probiotics seems to represent the proper support against their occurrence. Actually, probiotic blends and anti-inflammatory drugs represent a weapon against inflammatory bowel diseases. The present study evaluates the long-term (2 years) effects of combination therapy (mesalazine plus a probiotic blend of Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidus strain BGN4) on ulcerative colitis activity. METHOD: Sixty patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis were enrolled: 30 of them were treated with a single daily oral administration of mesalazine 1200 mg; 30 patients received a single daily oral administration of mesalazine 1200 mg and a double daily administration of a probiotic blend of Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidus strain BGN4. The treatment was carried out for two years and the clinical response evaluated according to the Modified Mayo Disease Activity Index. RESULTS: All patients treated with combination therapy showed better improvement compared to the controls. In particular, the beneficial effects of probiotics were evident even after two years of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: A long-term treatment modality of anti-inflammatory drugs and probiotics is viable and could be an alternative to corticosteroids in mild-to moderate ulcerative colitis.
- MeSH
- analýza rozptylu MeSH
- antiflogistika nesteroidní terapeutické užití MeSH
- Bifidobacterium bifidum MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus MeSH
- Lactobacillus salivarius MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mesalamin terapeutické užití MeSH
- probiotika terapeutické užití MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ulcerózní kolitida farmakoterapie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
The growth dynamics of Lactobacillus acidophilus 145 and Lb. rhamnosus GG in substrate prepared from buckwheat, water or milk, sucrose or flavoring compound (vanilla and chocolate) was investigated. In general, during the fermentation (numbers at the end have reached values from 1.8?108 to 3.4?109 cfu g1) or storage (Nfinal from 1.8?108 to 3.3?109 cfu g1), the growth of individual strain was satisfactory. According to the evaluation of overall taste, the substrate with vanilla flavor and water, fermented by Lb. rhamnosus GG for 24 h and stored for 5 days, obtained the highest number of points. Lactobacilli had slightly cytotoxic effect on the HeLa cells and Caco-2 cells, and the percentage of inhibition after 48 and 72 h of exposure ranged from 40 to 96 % for both selected strains.
- MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- bezlepková dieta * MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky mikrobiologie MeSH
- celiakie dietoterapie MeSH
- Fagopyrum * MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- HeLa buňky mikrobiologie MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus * izolace a purifikace růst a vývoj MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus * izolace a purifikace růst a vývoj MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- probiotika * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Probiotika jsou dlouhodobě v zájmu výzkumníků i mléčného průmyslu pro svůj biologický i ekonomický potenciál. Aplikace na sliznici nosu a nosohltanu ve světové literatuře dosud publikována nebyla. Po vyzkoušení směsi L. acidophilus CCD151 a L. helveticus CCGM 98 na dospělých dobrovolnících byla provedena aplikace u dětí v počáteční fázi infektu HCD. V souboru 76 dětí s aplikací laktoflóry bylo nutné v 8,1 % v dalším průběhu onemocnění nasadit antibiotika, v kontrolním souboru 31 dětí ve 22 %. Nedošlo k žádné nežádoucí příhodě.
Probiotics are topic of interest of clinical as well industry researchers, because of their biological and economical potential. Nasal application in the world letters was not published yet. Safety L. acidophilus CCD151 a L. helveticus CCGM 98 mixture was tested in adults and than used in children in the initial phase of a nasal, nasopharyngeal infection. In the set of 76 children using lactoflora solution intranasally in 8.1 % was necessary use antibiotics in the further treatment, in the control set of 31 children in 22 %. There were no serious adverse reactions.
- MeSH
- aplikace intranazální * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus MeSH
- Lactobacillus helveticus MeSH
- lékové roztoky aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nazofaryngitida * farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- nazofarynx mikrobiologie MeSH
- nosní sliznice mikrobiologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- probiotika * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- rinitida * farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Prebiotics are generally considered to promote the function or viability of probiotics via their fermentation, but their effect on the adherence of probiotics is still unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of 4 commercially available prebiotics [Orafti GR, Orafti P95, and Orafti Synergy (Beneo GmbH, Mannheim, Germany), and Vivinal (Friesland Foods Domo, Amersfoort, the Netherlands)] and 3 simple saccharides (glucose, galactose, and lactose) on the adherence of 5 probiotic type strains, 2 lactococci starter cultures, and 5 potential dairy probiotic strains from the Culture Collection of Dairy Microorganisms (Tábor, Czech Republic). Adherence was tested in microtiter plates on the following types of substrate: polystyrene alone and polystyrene coated with either porcine mucus or cocultures of the human colon cell lines Caco2 and HT29-MXT (1:9 ratio of HT29-MXT:Caco2). Adherence was evaluated as a change in fluorescence in the well of a microtiter plate. The most commonly observed effect (with a few exceptions) of prebiotics was decreased adherence of the tested strains observed on all types of substrate. The tested saccharides, which are part of the residual compounds of the used prebiotics, had a very similar effect-eliciting a decrease in adherence ability in the majority of the probiotic strains.
- MeSH
- Bifidobacterium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- Enterococcus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Lactococcus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- oligosacharidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- prebiotika * MeSH
- probiotika * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Německo MeSH
- Nizozemsko MeSH
